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spring中@ComponentScan自動(dòng)掃描并指定掃描規(guī)則

 更新時(shí)間:2023年04月28日 08:32:55   作者:懷夢(mèng)  
本文主要介紹了spring中@ComponentScan自動(dòng)掃描并指定掃描規(guī)則,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值,需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

1.使用注解配置包掃描

1.1.創(chuàng)建相關(guān)類

分別創(chuàng)建BookDao、BookService、BookServiceImpl以及BookController這三個(gè)類,并在這三個(gè)類中分別添加@Repository、@Service、@Controller注解

BookDao

package com.tianxia.springannotation.dao;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
/**
 * BookDao
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:37
 **/
// 名字默認(rèn)是類名首字母小寫
@Repository
public class BookDao {
}

BookService

package com.tianxia.springannotation.service;
/**
 * BookService
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:38
 **/
public interface BookService {
}

BookServiceImpl

package com.tianxia.springannotation.service.impl;
import com.tianxia.springannotation.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
 * BookServiceImpl
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:38
 **/
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
}

BookController

package com.tianxia.springannotation.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
/**
 * BookController
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:39
 **/
@Controller
public class BookController {
}

1.2.SpringBoot啟動(dòng)類默認(rèn)就有配置@ComponentScan

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
		@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
}

1.3.查看IOC中的bean的名稱

package com.tianxia.springannotation;
import com.tianxia.springannotation.config.MainConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
/**
 * ComponentScanTest
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:45
 **/
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class ComponentScanTest {
    /**
     * 查看IOC容器中有哪些bean
     * @author liqb
     * @date 2023-04-21 16:45
     */
    @Test
    public void test() {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringAnnotationApplication.class);
        // 我們現(xiàn)在就來看一下IOC容器中有哪些bean,即容器中所有bean定義的名字
        String[] definitionNames = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for (String name : definitionNames) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }
    }
}

2.掃描時(shí)排除注解標(biāo)注的類

在注解類上通過@ComponentScan注解的excludeFilters()方法

package com.tianxia.springannotation;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
 * 啟動(dòng)類
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:12
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
// value指定要掃描的包
@ComponentScan(value="com.tianxia.springannotation", excludeFilters={
        /*
         * type:指定你要排除的規(guī)則,是按照注解進(jìn)行排除,還是按照給定的類型進(jìn)行排除,還是按照正則表達(dá)式進(jìn)行排除,等等
         * classes:除了@Controller和@Service標(biāo)注的組件之外,IOC容器中剩下的組件我都要,即相當(dāng)于是我要排除@Controller和@Service這倆注解標(biāo)注的組件。
         */
        @ComponentScan.Filter(type= FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes={Controller.class, Service.class})
})
public class SpringAnnotationApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringAnnotationApplication.class, args);
    }
}

3.掃描時(shí)只包含注解標(biāo)注的類

在注解類中的includeFilters()方法來指定Spring在進(jìn)行包掃描時(shí),只包含哪些注解標(biāo)注的

這里需要注意的是,當(dāng)我們使用includeFilters()方法來指定只包含哪些注解標(biāo)注的類時(shí),需要禁用掉默認(rèn)的過濾規(guī)則

package com.tianxia.springannotation;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
/**
 * 啟動(dòng)類
 * @author liqb
 * @date 2023-04-21 16:12
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
// value指定要掃描的包
@ComponentScan(value="com.tianxia.springannotation", includeFilters={
        /*
         * type:指定你要排除的規(guī)則,是按照注解進(jìn)行排除,還是按照給定的類型進(jìn)行排除,還是按照正則表達(dá)式進(jìn)行排除,等等
         * classes:我們需要Spring在掃描時(shí),只包含@Controller注解標(biāo)注的類
         */
        @ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes={Controller.class})
}, useDefaultFilters=false)
public class SpringAnnotationApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringAnnotationApplication.class, args);
    }
}

4.重復(fù)注解

@ComponentScans({
        @ComponentScan(value="com.tianxia.springannotation", includeFilters={
                /*
                 * type:指定你要排除的規(guī)則,是按照注解進(jìn)行排除,還是按照給定的類型進(jìn)行排除,還是按照正則表達(dá)式進(jìn)行排除,等等
                 * classes:我們需要Spring在掃描時(shí),只包含@Controller注解標(biāo)注的類
                 */
                @ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes={Controller.class})
        }, useDefaultFilters=false),
        @ComponentScan(value="com.tianxia.springannotation", includeFilters={
                /*
                 * type:指定你要排除的規(guī)則,是按照注解進(jìn)行排除,還是按照給定的類型進(jìn)行排除,還是按照正則表達(dá)式進(jìn)行排除,等等
                 * classes:我們需要Spring在掃描時(shí),只包含@Controller注解標(biāo)注的類
                 */
                @ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, classes={Service.class})
        }, useDefaultFilters=false)
})

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