HttpRequest的QueryString屬性的一點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí)

更新時(shí)間：2012年11月06日 17:03:38 作者：

我們開發(fā)asp.net程序獲取QueryString時(shí)，經(jīng)常性的遇到一些url編碼問題

如：

當(dāng)然我們一般都是按照提示來把framework版本設(shè)置2.0來解決。為什么可以這么解決了，還有沒有其它的解決方法了。
先讓我們看看QueryString的源代碼吧：

 
public NameValueCollection QueryString 
{ 
get 
{ 
if (this._queryString == null) 
{ 
this._queryString = new HttpValueCollection(); 
if (this._wr != null) 
{ 
this.FillInQueryStringCollection(); 
} 
this._queryString.MakeReadOnly(); 
} 
if (this._flags[1]) 
{ 
this._flags.Clear(1); 
this.ValidateNameValueCollection(this._queryString, RequestValidationSource.QueryString); 
} 
return this._queryString; 
} 
} 
private void FillInQueryStringCollection() 
{ 
byte[] queryStringBytes = this.QueryStringBytes; 
if (queryStringBytes != null) 
{ 
if (queryStringBytes.Length != 0) 
{ 
this._queryString.FillFromEncodedBytes(queryStringBytes, this.QueryStringEncoding); 
} 
} 
else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.QueryStringText)) 
{ 
this._queryString.FillFromString(this.QueryStringText, true, this.QueryStringEncoding); 
} 
} 

　　先讓我們插入一點(diǎn) 那就是QueryString默認(rèn)已經(jīng)做了url解碼。其中HttpValueCollection的 FillFromEncodedBytes方法如下

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
internal void FillFromEncodedBytes(byte[] bytes, Encoding encoding) 
{ 
int num = (bytes != null) ? bytes.Length : 0; 
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) 
{ 
string str; 
string str2; 
this.ThrowIfMaxHttpCollectionKeysExceeded(); 
int offset = i; 
int num4 = -1; 
while (i < num) 
{ 
byte num5 = bytes[i]; 
if (num5 == 0x3d) 
{ 
if (num4 < 0) 
{ 
num4 = i; 
} 
} 
else if (num5 == 0x26) 
{ 
break; 
} 
i++; 
} 
if (num4 >= 0) 
{ 
str = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(bytes, offset, num4 - offset, encoding); 
str2 = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(bytes, num4 + 1, (i - num4) - 1, encoding); 
} 
else 
{ 
str = null; 
str2 = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(bytes, offset, i - offset, encoding); 
} 
base.Add(str, str2); 
if ((i == (num - 1)) && (bytes[i] == 0x26)) 
{ 
base.Add(null, string.Empty); 
} 
} 
} 

從這里我們可以看到QueryString已經(jīng)為我們做了解碼工作，我們不需要寫成 HttpUtility.HtmlDecode(Request.QueryString["xxx"])而是直接寫成Request.QueryString["xxx"]就ok了。
現(xiàn)在讓我們來看看你QueryString的驗(yàn)證，在代碼中有

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
if (this._flags[1]) 
{ 
this._flags.Clear(1); 
this.ValidateNameValueCollection(this._queryString, RequestValidationSource.QueryString); 
} 

一看this.ValidateNameValueCollection這個(gè)方法名稱就知道是干什么的了，驗(yàn)證QueryString數(shù)據(jù)；那么在什么情況下驗(yàn)證的了？
讓我們看看this._flags[1]在什么地方設(shè)置的：

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
public void ValidateInput() 
{ 
if (!this._flags[0x8000]) 
{ 
this._flags.Set(0x8000); 
this._flags.Set(1); 
this._flags.Set(2); 
this._flags.Set(4); 
this._flags.Set(0x40); 
this._flags.Set(0x80); 
this._flags.Set(0x100); 
this._flags.Set(0x200); 
this._flags.Set(8); 
} 
} 

　　而該方法在ValidateInputIfRequiredByConfig中調(diào)用，調(diào)用代碼

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
internal void ValidateInputIfRequiredByConfig() 
{ 
......... 
if (httpRuntime.RequestValidationMode >= VersionUtil.Framework40) 
{ 
this.ValidateInput(); 
} 
} 

我想現(xiàn)在大家都應(yīng)該明白為什么錯(cuò)題提示讓我們把framework改為2.0了吧。應(yīng)為在4.0后才驗(yàn)證。這種解決問題的方法是關(guān)閉驗(yàn)證，那么我們是否可以改變默認(rèn)的驗(yàn)證規(guī)則了？
讓我們看看ValidateNameValueCollection

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
private void ValidateNameValueCollection(NameValueCollection nvc, RequestValidationSource requestCollection) 
{ 
int count = nvc.Count; 
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) 
{ 
string key = nvc.GetKey(i); 
if ((key == null) || !key.StartsWith("__", StringComparison.Ordinal)) 
{ 
string str2 = nvc.Get(i); 
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str2)) 
{ 
this.ValidateString(str2, key, requestCollection); 
} 
} 
} 
} 
private void ValidateString(string value, string collectionKey, RequestValidationSource requestCollection) 
{ 
int num; 
value = RemoveNullCharacters(value); 
if (!RequestValidator.Current.IsValidRequestString(this.Context, value, requestCollection, collectionKey, out num)) 
{ 
string str = collectionKey + "=\""; 
int startIndex = num - 10; 
if (startIndex <= 0) 
{ 
startIndex = 0; 
} 
else 
{ 
str = str + "..."; 
} 
int length = num + 20; 
if (length >= value.Length) 
{ 
length = value.Length; 
str = str + value.Substring(startIndex, length - startIndex) + "\""; 
} 
else 
{ 
str = str + value.Substring(startIndex, length - startIndex) + "...\""; 
} 
string requestValidationSourceName = GetRequestValidationSourceName(requestCollection); 
throw new HttpRequestValidationException(SR.GetString("Dangerous_input_detected", new object[] { requestValidationSourceName, str })); 
} 
} 

　　
　　哦？原來一切都明白了，驗(yàn)證是在RequestValidator做的。

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
public class RequestValidator 
{ 
// Fields 
private static RequestValidator _customValidator; 
private static readonly Lazy<RequestValidator> _customValidatorResolver = new Lazy<RequestValidator>(new Func<RequestValidator>(RequestValidator.GetCustomValidatorFromConfig)); 
// Methods 
private static RequestValidator GetCustomValidatorFromConfig() 
{ 
HttpRuntimeSection httpRuntime = RuntimeConfig.GetAppConfig().HttpRuntime; 
Type userBaseType = ConfigUtil.GetType(httpRuntime.RequestValidationType, "requestValidationType", httpRuntime); 
ConfigUtil.CheckBaseType(typeof(RequestValidator), userBaseType, "requestValidationType", httpRuntime); 
return (RequestValidator) HttpRuntime.CreatePublicInstance(userBaseType); 
} 
internal static void InitializeOnFirstRequest() 
{ 
RequestValidator local1 = _customValidatorResolver.Value; 
} 
private static bool IsAtoZ(char c) 
{ 
return (((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z')) || ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z'))); 
} 
protected internal virtual bool IsValidRequestString(HttpContext context, string value, RequestValidationSource requestValidationSource, string collectionKey, out int validationFailureIndex) 
{ 
if (requestValidationSource == RequestValidationSource.Headers) 
{ 
validationFailureIndex = 0; 
return true; 
} 
return !CrossSiteScriptingValidation.IsDangerousString(value, out validationFailureIndex); 
} 
// Properties 
public static RequestValidator Current 
{ 
get 
{ 
if (_customValidator == null) 
{ 
_customValidator = _customValidatorResolver.Value; 
} 
return _customValidator; 
} 
set 
{ 
if (value == null) 
{ 
throw new ArgumentNullException("value"); 
} 
_customValidator = value; 
} 
} 
}　 

主要的驗(yàn)證方法還是在CrossSiteScriptingValidation.IsDangerousString(value, out validationFailureIndex);而CrossSiteScriptingValidation是一個(gè)內(nèi)部類，無法修改。
讓我們看看CrossSiteScriptingValidation類大代碼把

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
internal static class CrossSiteScriptingValidation 
{ 
// Fields 
private static char[] startingChars = new char[] { '<', '&' }; 
// Methods 
private static bool IsAtoZ(char c) 
{ 
return (((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'z')) || ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z'))); 
} 
internal static bool IsDangerousString(string s, out int matchIndex) 
{ 
matchIndex = 0; 
int startIndex = 0; 
while (true) 
{ 
int num2 = s.IndexOfAny(startingChars, startIndex); 
if (num2 < 0) 
{ 
return false; 
} 
if (num2 == (s.Length - 1)) 
{ 
return false; 
} 
matchIndex = num2; 
char ch = s[num2]; 
if (ch != '&') 
{ 
if ((ch == '<') && ((IsAtoZ(s[num2 + 1]) || (s[num2 + 1] == '!')) || ((s[num2 + 1] == '/') || (s[num2 + 1] == '?')))) 
{ 
return true; 
} 
} 
else if (s[num2 + 1] == '#') 
{ 
return true; 
} 
startIndex = num2 + 1; 
} 
} 
internal static bool IsDangerousUrl(string s) 
{ 
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s)) 
{ 
return false; 
} 
s = s.Trim(); 
int length = s.Length; 
if (((((length > 4) && ((s[0] == 'h') || (s[0] == 'H'))) && ((s[1] == 't') || (s[1] == 'T'))) && (((s[2] == 't') || (s[2] == 'T')) && ((s[3] == 'p') || (s[3] == 'P')))) && ((s[4] == ':') || (((length > 5) && ((s[4] == 's') || (s[4] == 'S'))) && (s[5] == ':')))) 
{ 
return false; 
} 
if (s.IndexOf(':') == -1) 
{ 
return false; 
} 
return true; 
} 
internal static bool IsValidJavascriptId(string id) 
{ 
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) 
{ 
return CodeGenerator.IsValidLanguageIndependentIdentifier(id); 
} 
return true; 
} 
} 

　　結(jié)果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)&# <! </ <? <[a-zA-z] 這些情況驗(yàn)證都是通不過的。
所以我們只需要重寫RequestValidator就可以了。
例如我們現(xiàn)在需要處理我們現(xiàn)在需要過濾QueryString中k=&...的情況

復(fù)制代碼代碼如下:

 
public class CustRequestValidator : RequestValidator 
{ 
protected override bool IsValidRequestString(HttpContext context, string value, RequestValidationSource requestValidationSource, string collectionKey, out int validationFailureIndex) 
{ 
validationFailureIndex = 0; 
//我們現(xiàn)在需要過濾QueryString中k=&...的情況 
if (requestValidationSource == RequestValidationSource.QueryString&&collectionKey.Equals("k")&& value.StartsWith("&")) 
{ 
return true; 
} 
return base.IsValidRequestString(context, value, requestValidationSource, collectionKey, out validationFailureIndex); 
} 
} 
　　<httpRuntime requestValidationType="MvcApp.CustRequestValidator"/> 

個(gè)人在這里只是提供一個(gè)思想，歡迎大家拍磚！

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