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linux下oracle設置開機自啟動實現(xiàn)方法

更新時間：2012年11月27日 16:38:32 作者：

你會發(fā)現(xiàn)Oracle沒有自行啟動，這是正常的，因為在Linux下安裝Oracle的確不會自行啟動，必須要自行設定相關(guān)參數(shù)，首先先介紹一般而言如何啟動oracle

在CentOS 6.3下安裝完Oracle 10g R2，重開機之后，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)Oracle沒有自行啟動，這是正常的，因為在Linux下安裝Oracle的確不會自行啟動，必須要自行設定相關(guān)參數(shù)，首先先介紹一般而言如何啟動oracle。

一、在Linux下啟動Oracle

登錄到CentOS，切換到oracle用戶權(quán)限

# su – oracle

接著輸入：

$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

原本的畫面會變?yōu)?BR>SQL>

接著請輸入
SQL> startup

就可以正常的啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫了。

另外停止數(shù)據(jù)庫的指令如下：
SQL> shutdown immediate

二、檢查Oracle DB監(jiān)聽器是否正常

回到終端機模式，輸入：

$ lsnrctl status

檢查看看監(jiān)聽器是否有啟動

如果沒有啟動，可以輸入：

$ lsnrctl start

啟動監(jiān)聽器

SQL> conn sys@orcl as sysdba

然后輸入密碼，sys以sysdba身份登入數(shù)據(jù)庫。

三、啟動emctl

另外也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是沒有反應的，這邊要另外啟動，啟動的指令如下：

$ emctl start dbconsole

這個指令運行時間較長，執(zhí)行完的畫面如下：

手動啟動Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫完畢，下面創(chuàng)建系統(tǒng)自行啟動Oracle的腳本。

四、Oracle啟動&停止腳本

1. 修改Oracle系統(tǒng)配置文件：/etc/oratab，只有這樣，Oracle 自帶的dbstart和dbshut才能夠發(fā)揮作用。

# vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/opt/oracle/102:Y

# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:

2. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下創(chuàng)建文件oracle，內(nèi)容如下：

復制代碼代碼如下:

 
#!/bin/sh 
# chkconfig: 35 80 10 
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script. 
# 
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME 
# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut; 
# 
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the 
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME. 
ORA_HOME=/opt/oracle/102 
ORA_OWNER=oracle 
if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ] 
then 
echo "Oracle startup: cannot start" 
exit 
fi 
case "$1" in 
'start') 
# Start the Oracle databases: 
echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done" 
# Start the Listener: 
echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done." 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle 

'stop') 
# Stop the Oracle Listener: 
echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done." 
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle 
# Stop the Oracle Database: 
echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... " 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracle 
echo "Done." 
echo "" 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle 
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle 

'restart') 
$0 stop 
$0 start 

esac 

3. 改變文件權(quán)限
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

4. 添加服務
# chkconfig --level 35 oracle on

5. 需要在關(guān)機或重啟機器之前停止數(shù)據(jù)庫，做一下操作
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/K01oracle //關(guān)機
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/K01oracle //重啟

6. 使用方法
# service oracle start        //啟動oracle
# service oracle stop        //關(guān)閉oracle
# service oracle restart     //重啟oracle

7. 測試

a. 開機自啟動

復制代碼代碼如下:

 
Last login: Mon Nov 26 19:57:06 2012 from 10.0.0.145 
[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba" 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:07:33 2012 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 


Connected to: 
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production 
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options 

SQL> set linesize 300; 
SQL> set pagesize 30; 
SQL> select * from scott.emp; 

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO 
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 
SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20 
ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30 
WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30 
JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20 
MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30 
BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30 
CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10 
SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20 
KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10 
TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30 
ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20 
JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30 
FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20 
MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10 
rows selected. 

SQL> 

b. service oracle stop

復制代碼代碼如下:

 
SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production 
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout 
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle stop 
Stoping Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
Stoping Oracle Databases ... 
Done. 
[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba" 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:17:20 2012 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 
Connected to an idle instance. 
SQL> set linesize 300; 
SQL> set pagesize 30; 
SQL> select * from scott.emp; 
select * from scott.emp 
* 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available 
SQL> 

c. service oracle start

復制代碼代碼如下:

 
SQL> Disconnected 
[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout 
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle start 
Starting Oracle Databases ... 
Done 
Starting Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
[root@ORS ~]# 

d. service oracle restart

復制代碼代碼如下:

 
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle restart 
Stoping Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
Stoping Oracle Databases ... 
Done. 

Starting Oracle Databases ... 
Done 
Starting Oracle Listeners ... 
Done. 
[root@ORS ~]# 