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MongoDB學(xué)習(xí)筆記(三) 在MVC模式下通過Jqgrid表格操作MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)

 更新時(shí)間:2013年07月10日 12:04:32   作者:  
下面我們將逐步講解怎么在MVC模式下將MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)讀取,并展示在前臺(tái)Jqgrid表格上。這個(gè)“簡易系統(tǒng)”的基本設(shè)計(jì)思想是這樣的:我們在視圖層展示表格,Jqgrid相關(guān)Js邏輯全部放在一個(gè)Js文件中,控制層實(shí)現(xiàn)了“增刪查改”四個(gè)業(yè)務(wù),MongoDB的基本數(shù)據(jù)訪問放在了模型層實(shí)現(xiàn)
看到下圖,是通過Jqgrid實(shí)現(xiàn)表格數(shù)據(jù)的基本增刪查改的操作。表格數(shù)據(jù)增刪改是一般企業(yè)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的常見功能,不過不同的是這個(gè)表格數(shù)據(jù)來源是非關(guān)系型的數(shù)據(jù)庫MongoDB。nosql雖然概念新穎,但是MongoDB基本應(yīng)用實(shí)現(xiàn)起來還是比較輕松的,甚至代碼比基本的ADO.net訪問關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)源還要簡潔。由于其本身的“非關(guān)系”的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方式,使得對象關(guān)系映射這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)對于MongoDB來講顯得毫無意義,因此我們也不會(huì)對MongoDB引入所謂的“ORM”框架。

下面我們將逐步講解怎么在MVC模式下將MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)讀取,并展示在前臺(tái)Jqgrid表格上。這個(gè)“簡易系統(tǒng)”的基本設(shè)計(jì)思想是這樣的:我們在視圖層展示表格,Jqgrid相關(guān)Js邏輯全部放在一個(gè)Js文件中,控制層實(shí)現(xiàn)了“增刪查改”四個(gè)業(yè)務(wù),MongoDB的基本數(shù)據(jù)訪問放在了模型層實(shí)現(xiàn)。下面我們一步步實(shí)現(xiàn)。

一、實(shí)現(xiàn)視圖層Jqgrid表格邏輯

  首先,我們新建一個(gè)MVC空白項(xiàng)目,添加好jQuery、jQueryUI、Jqgrid的前端框架代碼:
  然后在Views的Home文件夾下新建視圖“Index.aspx”,在視圖的body標(biāo)簽中添加如下HTML代碼:

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

<div>
    <table id="table1">
    </table>
    <div id="div1">
    </div>
</div>

接著新建Scripts\Home文件夾,在該目錄新建“Index.js”文件,并再視圖中引用,代碼如下:

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

jQuery(document).ready(function () {

    //jqGrid初始化
    jQuery("#table1").jqGrid({
        url: '/Home/UserList',
        datatype: 'json',
        mtype: 'POST',
        colNames: ['登錄名', '姓名', '年齡', '手機(jī)號', '郵箱地址', '操作'],
        colModel: [
             { name: 'UserId', index: 'UserId', width: 180, editable: true },
             { name: 'UserName', index: 'UserName', width: 200, editable: true },
             { name: 'Age', index: 'Age', width: 150, editable: true },
             { name: 'Tel', index: 'Tel', width: 150, editable: true },
             { name: 'Email', index: 'Email', width: 150, editable: true },
             { name: 'Edit', index: 'Edit', width: 150, editable: false, align: 'center' }
             ],
        pager: '#div1',
        postData: {},
        rowNum: 5,
        rowList: [5, 10, 20],
        sortable: true,
        caption: '用戶信息管理',
        hidegrid: false,
        rownumbers: true,
        viewrecords: true
    }).navGrid('#div1', { edit: false, add: false, del: false })
            .navButtonAdd('#div1', {
                caption: "編輯",
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-add",
                onClickButton: function () {
                    var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow");
                    if (id == null) {
                        alert("請選擇行!");
                        return;
                    }
                    if (id == "newId") return;
                    $("#table1").editRow(id);
                    $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").attr("readonly","readOnly");
                    $("#table1").setCell(id, "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Update(\"" + id + "\")' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"" + id + "\")' />");
                }
            }).navButtonAdd('#div1', {
                caption: "刪除",
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-del",
                onClickButton: function () {
                    var id = $("#table1").getGridParam("selrow");
                    if (id == null) {
                        alert("請選擇行!");
                        return;
                    }
                    Delete(id);
                }
            }).navButtonAdd('#div1', {
                caption: "新增",
                buttonicon: "ui-icon-add",
                onClickButton: function () {
                    $("#table1").addRowData("newId", -1);
                    $("#table1").editRow("newId");
                    $("#table1").setCell("newId", "Edit", "<input id='Button1' type='button' value='提交' onclick='Add()' /><input id='Button2' type='button' value='取消' onclick='Cancel(\"newId\")' />");
                }
            });
});

//取消編輯狀態(tài)
function Cancel(id) {
    if (id == "newId") $("#table1").delRowData("newId");
    else $("#table1").restoreRow(id);
}

//向后臺(tái)ajax請求新增數(shù)據(jù)
function Add() {
    var UserId = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserId").val();
    var UserName = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_UserName").val();
    var Age = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Age").val();
    var Tel = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Tel").val();
    var Email = $("#table1").find("#newId" + "_Email").val();

    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "/Home/Add",
        data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email,
        success: function (msg) {
            alert("新增數(shù)據(jù): " + msg);
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
        }
    });
}

//向后臺(tái)ajax請求更新數(shù)據(jù)
function Update(id) {
    var UserId = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserId").val();
    var UserName = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_UserName").val();
    var Age = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Age").val();
    var Tel = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Tel").val();
    var Email = $("#table1").find("#" + id + "_Email").val();

    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "/Home/Update",
        data: "UserId=" + UserId + "&UserName=" + UserName + "&Age=" + Age + "&Tel=" + Tel + "&Email=" + Email,
        success: function (msg) {
            alert("修改數(shù)據(jù): " + msg);
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
        }
    });
}

//向后臺(tái)ajax請求刪除數(shù)據(jù)
function Delete(id) {
    var UserId = $("#table1").getCell(id, "UserId");
    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        url: "/Home/Delete",
        data: "UserId=" + UserId,
        success: function (msg) {
            alert("刪除數(shù)據(jù): " + msg);
            $("#table1").trigger("reloadGrid");
        }
    });
}

二、實(shí)現(xiàn)控制層業(yè)務(wù)

  在Controllers目錄下新建控制器“HomeController.cs”,Index.js中產(chǎn)生了四個(gè)ajax請求,對應(yīng)控制層也有四個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)方法。HomeController代碼如下:

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    UserModel userModel = new UserModel();
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 獲取全部用戶列表,通過json將數(shù)據(jù)提供給jqGrid
    /// </summary>
    public JsonResult UserList(string sord, string sidx, string rows, string page)
    {
        var list = userModel.FindAll();
        int i = 0;
        var query = from u in list
                    select new
                    {
                        id = i++,
                        cell = new string[]{
                            u["UserId"].ToString(),
                            u["UserName"].ToString(),
                            u["Age"].ToString(),
                            u["Tel"].ToString(),
                            u["Email"].ToString(),
                            "-"
                        }
                    };

        var data = new
        {
            total = query.Count() / Convert.ToInt32(rows) + 1,
            page = Convert.ToInt32(page),
            records = query.Count(),
            rows = query.Skip(Convert.ToInt32(rows) * (Convert.ToInt32(page) - 1)).Take(Convert.ToInt32(rows))
        };

        return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 響應(yīng)Js的“Add”ajax請求,執(zhí)行添加用戶操作
    /// </summary>
    public ContentResult Add(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email)
    {
        Document doc = new Document();
        doc["UserId"] = UserId;
        doc["UserName"] = UserName;
        doc["Age"] = Age;
        doc["Tel"] = Tel;
        doc["Email"] = Email;

        try
        {
            userModel.Add(doc);
            return Content("添加成功");
        }
        catch
        {
            return Content("添加失敗");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 響應(yīng)Js的“Delete”ajax請求,執(zhí)行刪除用戶操作
    /// </summary>
    public ContentResult Delete(string UserId)
    {
        try
        {
            userModel.Delete(UserId);
            return Content("刪除成功");
        }
        catch
        {
            return Content("刪除失敗");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 響應(yīng)Js的“Update”ajax請求,執(zhí)行更新用戶操作
    /// </summary>
    public ContentResult Update(string UserId, string UserName, int Age, string Tel, string Email)
    {
        Document doc = new Document();
        doc["UserId"] = UserId;
        doc["UserName"] = UserName;
        doc["Age"] = Age;
        doc["Tel"] = Tel;
        doc["Email"] = Email;
        try
        {
            userModel.Update(doc);
            return Content("修改成功");
        }
        catch
        {
            return Content("修改失敗");
        }
    }
}

三、實(shí)現(xiàn)模型層數(shù)據(jù)訪問

  最后,我們在Models新建一個(gè)Home文件夾,添加模型“UserModel.cs”,實(shí)現(xiàn)MongoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫訪問代碼如下:

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

public class UserModel
{
    //鏈接字符串(此處三個(gè)字段值根據(jù)需要可為讀配置文件)
    public string connectionString = "mongodb://localhost";
    //數(shù)據(jù)庫名
    public string databaseName = "myDatabase";
    //集合名 
    public string collectionName = "userCollection";

    private Mongo mongo;
    private MongoDatabase mongoDatabase;
    private MongoCollection<Document> mongoCollection;

    public UserModel()
    {
        mongo = new Mongo(connectionString);
        mongoDatabase = mongo.GetDatabase(databaseName) as MongoDatabase;
        mongoCollection = mongoDatabase.GetCollection<Document>(collectionName) as MongoCollection<Document>;
        mongo.Connect();
    }
    ~UserModel()
    {
        mongo.Disconnect();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 增加一條用戶記錄
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="doc"></param>
    public void Add(Document doc)
    {
        mongoCollection.Insert(doc);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 刪除一條用戶記錄
    /// </summary>
    public void Delete(string UserId)
    {
        mongoCollection.Remove(new Document { { "UserId", UserId } });
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 更新一條用戶記錄
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="doc"></param>
    public void Update(Document doc)
    {
        mongoCollection.FindAndModify(doc, new Document { { "UserId", doc["UserId"].ToString() } });
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 查找所有用戶記錄
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public IEnumerable<Document> FindAll()
    {
        return mongoCollection.FindAll().Documents;
    } 
}

四、小結(jié)

  代碼下載:MongoDB_003.rar

  自此為止一個(gè)簡單MongoDB表格數(shù)據(jù)操作的功能就實(shí)現(xiàn)完畢了,相信讀者在看完這篇文章后,差不多都可以輕松實(shí)現(xiàn)MongoDB項(xiàng)目的開發(fā)應(yīng)用了。聰明的你一定會(huì)比本文做的功能更完善,更好。下篇計(jì)劃講解linq的方式訪問數(shù)據(jù)集合。

作者:李盼(Lipan)
出處:[Lipan] (http://www.cnblogs.com/lipan/)

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