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android 網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程之網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信幾種方式實(shí)例分享

 更新時(shí)間:2013年12月25日 17:20:21   作者:  
這篇文章主要介紹了android 網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程之網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信幾種方式,有需要的朋友可以參考一下

如今,手機(jī)應(yīng)用滲透到各行各業(yè),數(shù)量難以計(jì)數(shù),其中大多數(shù)應(yīng)用都會(huì)使用到網(wǎng)絡(luò),與服務(wù)器的交互勢(shì)不可擋,那么android當(dāng)中訪問網(wǎng)絡(luò)有哪些方式呢?

現(xiàn)在總結(jié)了六種方式:


(1)針對(duì)TCP/IP的Socket、ServerSocket

(2)針對(duì)UDP的DatagramSocket、DatagramPackage。這里需要注意的是,考慮到Android設(shè)備通常是手持終端,IP都是隨著上網(wǎng)進(jìn)行分配的。不是固定的。因此開發(fā)也是有一點(diǎn)與普通互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用有所差異的。

(3)針對(duì)直接URL的HttpURLConnection。

(4)Google集成了Apache HTTP客戶端,可使用HTTP進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程。

(5)使用WebService。Android可以通過開源包如jackson去支持Xmlrpc和Jsonrpc,另外也可以用Ksoap2去實(shí)現(xiàn)Webservice。

(6)直接使用WebView視圖組件顯示網(wǎng)頁?;赪ebView 進(jìn)行開發(fā),Google已經(jīng)提供了一個(gè)基于chrome-lite的Web瀏覽器,直接就可以進(jìn)行上網(wǎng)瀏覽網(wǎng)頁。

一、socket與serverSocket

客戶端代碼

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

public class TestNetworkActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
 private Button connectBtn;
 private Button sendBtn;
 private TextView showView;
 private EditText msgText;
 private Socket socket;
 private Handler handler;
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  setContentView(R.layout.test_network_main);

  connectBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_btn_connect);
  sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_btn_send);
  showView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_tv_show);
  msgText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.test_network_main_et_msg);
  connectBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
  sendBtn.setOnClickListener(this);

  handler = new Handler(){
   @Override
   public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
    super.handleMessage(msg);
    String data = msg.getData().getString("msg");
    showView.setText("來自服務(wù)器的消息:"+data);
   }
  };
 }
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  //連接服務(wù)器
  if(v == connectBtn){
   connectServer();
  }
  //發(fā)送消息
  if(v == sendBtn){
   String msg = msgText.getText().toString();
   send(msg);
  }
 }
       /**
  *連接服務(wù)器的方法
  */
 public void connectServer(){
  try {
   socket = new Socket("192.168.1.100",4000);
   System.out.println("連接服務(wù)器成功");
   recevie();
  } catch (Exception e) {
   System.out.println("連接服務(wù)器失敗"+e);
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
       /**
  *發(fā)送消息的方法
  */
 public void send(String msg){
  try {
   PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(socket.getOutputStream());
   ps.println(msg);
   ps.flush();
  } catch (IOException e) {

   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
       /**
  *讀取服務(wù)器傳回的方法
  */
 public void recevie(){

  new Thread(){
   public void run(){
    while(true){
     try {
      InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
      BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
      String str = br.readLine();
      Message message = new Message();
      Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
      bundle.putString("msg", str);
      message.setData(bundle);
      handler.sendMessage(message);

     } catch (IOException e) {

      e.printStackTrace();
     }
    }
   }
  }.start();

 }
}


二、RUL、URLConnection、httpURLConnection、ApacheHttp、WebView

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

public class TestURLActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
 private Button connectBtn;
 private Button urlConnectionBtn;
 private Button httpUrlConnectionBtn;
 private Button httpClientBtn;
 private ImageView showImageView;
 private TextView showTextView;
 private WebView webView;

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.test_url_main);

  connectBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_connect);
  urlConnectionBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_urlconnection);
  httpUrlConnectionBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_httpurlconnection);
  httpClientBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_httpclient);
  showImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_iv_show);
  showTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_tv_show);
  webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_wv);
  connectBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
  urlConnectionBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
  httpUrlConnectionBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
  httpClientBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
 }

 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {
  // 直接使用URL對(duì)象進(jìn)行連接
  if (v == connectBtn) {

   try {
    URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/image.jpg");
    InputStream is = url.openStream();
    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
    showImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
   } catch (Exception e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   }

  }
  // 直接使用URLConnection對(duì)象進(jìn)行連接  
  if (v == urlConnectionBtn) {
   try {

    URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");
    URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
    InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
    byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
    int len = 0;
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    while ((len = is.read(bs)) != -1) {
     String str = new String(bs, 0, len);
     sb.append(str);
    }
    showTextView.setText(sb.toString());
   } catch (Exception e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   }

  }
  // 直接使用HttpURLConnection對(duì)象進(jìn)行連接
  if (v == httpUrlConnectionBtn) {

   try {
    URL url = new URL(
      "http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc");
    HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url
      .openConnection();
    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
    if (connection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
     String message = connection.getResponseMessage();
     showTextView.setText(message);
    }
   } catch (Exception e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
  // 使用ApacheHttp客戶端進(jìn)行連接(重要方法)
  if (v == httpClientBtn) {
   try {

    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
    // 如果是Get提交則創(chuàng)建HttpGet對(duì)象,否則創(chuàng)建HttpPost對(duì)象
    // HttpGet httpGet = new
    // HttpGet("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc&pwd=321");
    // post提交的方式
    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(
      "http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");
    // 如果是Post提交可以將參數(shù)封裝到集合中傳遞
    List dataList = new ArrayList();
    dataList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "aaaaa"));
    dataList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", "123"));
    // UrlEncodedFormEntity用于將集合轉(zhuǎn)換為Entity對(duì)象
    httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(dataList));
    // 獲取相應(yīng)消息
    HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);
    // 獲取消息內(nèi)容
    HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
    // 把消息對(duì)象直接轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串
    String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
                                //showTextView.setText(content);

    //通過webview來解析網(wǎng)頁
    webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, content, "text/html", "utf-8", null);
    //給點(diǎn)url來進(jìn)行解析
    //webView.loadUrl(url);
   } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   } catch (IOException e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
 }

}

三、使用webService

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

public class LoginActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{
 private Button loginBtn;
 private static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/loginservice/LoginServicePort";
 private static final String NAMESPACE = "http://service.lovo.com/";
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.login_main);
  loginBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.login_main_btn_login);
  loginBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
 }
 @Override
 public void onClick(View v) {

  if(v == loginBtn){
   //創(chuàng)建WebService的連接對(duì)象
   HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
   //通過SOAP1.1協(xié)議對(duì)象得到envelop
   SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
   //根據(jù)命名空間和方法名來創(chuàng)建SOAP對(duì)象
   SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, "validate");
   //向調(diào)用方法傳遞參數(shù)
   soapObject.addProperty("arg0", "abc");
   soapObject.addProperty("arg1","123");
   //將SoapObject對(duì)象設(shè)置為SoapSerializationEnvelope對(duì)象的傳出SOAP消息
   envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
   try {
    //開始調(diào)用遠(yuǎn)程的方法
    httpSE.call(null, envelop);
    //得到遠(yuǎn)程方法返回的SOAP對(duì)象
    SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.bodyIn;
    //根據(jù)名為return的鍵來獲取里面的值,這個(gè)值就是方法的返回值
    String returnStr = resultObj.getProperty("return").toString();
    Toast.makeText(this, "返回值:"+returnStr, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   } catch (IOException e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

    e.printStackTrace();
   }

  }

 }
}

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