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MySql學(xué)習(xí)心得之存儲過程

 更新時間：2014年06月13日 08:44:00   投稿：hebedich  
之前總是在MSSQL上寫存儲過程，沒有在MYSQL上寫過，也基本沒有用過，今天需要用到MYSQL，研究了下，把項目的需要的存儲過程寫了一部分，寫一下工作總結(jié)。這里沒有給出數(shù)據(jù)庫結(jié)構(gòu)，不討論SQL語句的細(xì)節(jié)，主要探討存儲過程語法，適合有基礎(chǔ)的人。

先來看段mysql查詢文章回復(fù)語句：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

#查詢文章回復(fù)
-- ----------------------------
-- Procedure structure for `sp_select_reply_article`
-- ----------------------------
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_select_reply_article`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_select_reply_article`(IN `ra_id` int,IN `pagefrom` int,IN `pagesize` int)
BEGIN
         #Routine body goes here...
         SET @ra_id = ra_id;
         SET @pagefrom = pagefrom;
         SET @pagesize = pagesize;
         SET @ssra = CONCAT('SELECT * FROM gk_article WHERE id = ? LIMIT ?,?');
         PREPARE sqlquery FROM @ssra;
         EXECUTE sqlquery USING @ra_id,@pagefrom,@pagesize;
END

DELIMITER ;

#技術(shù)點1：MySql5.1不支持LIMIT參數(shù)（MySql5.5就支持了），如果編寫存儲過程時使用LIMIT做變量，那是需要用動態(tài)SQL來構(gòu)建的，而這樣做性能肯定沒有靜態(tài)SQL好。主要代碼如下：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

         SET @ssra = CONCAT('SELECT * FROM gk_article WHERE id = ? LIMIT ?,?');
         PREPARE sqlquery FROM @ssra;
         EXECUTE sqlquery USING @ra_id,@pagefrom,@pagesize;


#技術(shù)點2：如果同時需要返回受影響行數(shù)需要在語句后面添加語句：ROW_COUNT()函數(shù)，兩條語句之間需要“;”分隔。

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

#更新數(shù)據(jù)
-- ----------------------------
-- Procedure structure for `sp_update_permission`
-- ----------------------------
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_update_permission`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_update_permission`(IN `puser_uid` varchar(20),IN `plevel` int,IN `ppower` int)
BEGIN
         #Routine body goes here...

         SET @puser_uid = puser_uid;
         SET @plevel = plevel;
         SET @ppower = ppower;
         UPDATE gk_permission SET `level` = @plevel, power = @ppower WHERE user_uid = CONVERT(@puser_uid USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
END

DELIMITER ;

#技術(shù)點3：MySQL進(jìn)行字符串比較時發(fā)生錯誤（Illegal mix of collations (utf8_unicode_ci,IMPLICIT) and (utf8_general_ci,IMPLICIT) for operation '='），解決方法：將比較等式一邊進(jìn)行字符串轉(zhuǎn)換，如改為“CONVERT(b.fullCode USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci”，主要代碼如下：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

         UPDATE gk_permission SET `level` = @plevel, power = @ppower WHERE user_uid = CONVERT(@puser_uid USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

#插入數(shù)據(jù)
-- ----------------------------
-- Procedure structure for `sp_insert_user`
-- ----------------------------
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_insert_user`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_insert_user`(IN `uid` varchar(20),IN `upw` varchar(32),IN `name` varchar(20),IN `sex` int,IN `phone` varchar(20),IN `u_id` int,IN `s_id` int,IN `j_id` int)
BEGIN
         #Routine body goes here...
         SET @uid = uid;
         SET @upw = upw;
         SET @uname = uname;
         SET @sex = sex;
         SET @phone = phone;
         #由于外鍵約束，所以添加的外鍵字段需要在對應(yīng)外鍵所在表有相應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
         SET @u_id = u_id;
         SET @s_id = s_id;
         SET @j_id = j_id;
         SET @verifytime = DATE('0000-00-00');
         INSERT INTO gk_user(uid,upw,uname,sex,phone,u_id,s_id,j_id,verifytime)
　　　　　　　VALUES(@uid,@upw,@uname,@sex,@phone,@u_id,@s_id,@j_id,@verifytime);
         #查詢結(jié)果會自動返回受影響行數(shù)
END

DELIMITER ;

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

#根據(jù)ID刪除數(shù)據(jù)
-- ----------------------------
-- Procedure structure for `sp_delete_exchange_by_id`
-- ----------------------------
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_delete_exchange_by_id`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_delete_exchange_by_id`(IN `eid` int)
BEGIN
         #Routine body goes here...
         SET @eid = eid;
         DELETE FROM gk_exchange WHERE id = @eid;
END

DELIMITER ;

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

#通過賬號查詢用戶或者管理員
-- ----------------------------
-- Procedure structure for `sp_select_user_by_uid`
-- ----------------------------
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `sp_select_user_by_uid`;
DELIMITER ;;
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `sp_select_user_by_uid`(IN `uid` varchar(20),IN `getAdmin` int)
BEGIN
         #Routine body goes here...
         SET @uid = uid;
         #SET @getadmin = getAdmin;
         #查詢管理員
         IF (getAdmin = 1) THEN
                   SELECT us.*, un.`name`, se.`name`, jo.`name`, pe.`level`, pe.power FROM gk_user AS us, gk_unit AS un, gk_section AS se, gk_jobtitle AS jo, gk_permission AS pe WHERE us.u_id = un.id AND us.s_id = se.id AND us.j_id = jo.id AND us.uid = pe.user_uid AND us.uid = CONVERT(@uid USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
         END IF;
         #查詢用戶
         IF (getAdmin = 0) THEN
                   SELECT us.*, un.`name`, se.`name`, jo.`name` FROM gk_user AS us, gk_unit AS un, gk_section AS se, gk_jobtitle AS jo WHERE us.u_id = un.id AND us.s_id = se.id AND us.j_id = jo.id AND us.uid = CONVERT(@uid USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
         END IF;
END

DELIMITER ;

#技術(shù)點4：這個存數(shù)過程需要用到控制語句（if else elseif while loop repeat leave iterate）。

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

         IF (getAdmin = 1) THEN
                   #語句…
         END IF;

#技術(shù)點5：在傳入?yún)?shù)不匹配的情況下報錯（Column count doesn't match value count at row 1），這個就是細(xì)心問題了，詳細(xì)檢查參數(shù)吧。

#技術(shù)點6：獲取當(dāng)前時間的函數(shù)：NOW()

#技術(shù)點7：“`”這個符號是反單引號，兩個反單引號夾起來的會被當(dāng)做變量，一般是在定義字段時遇到關(guān)鍵字沖突的時候會用到。

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