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ASP.NET中MVC使用AJAX調(diào)用JsonResult方法并返回自定義錯誤信息

 更新時間：2014年11月14日 10:01:45   投稿：hebedich  
這篇文章主要介紹了ASP.NET中MVC使用AJAX調(diào)用JsonResult方法并返回自定義錯誤信息的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、如何用AJAX調(diào)用JsonResult方法

比如FuckController中添加有個返回JsonResult類型的方法FuckJson()：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

<span class="kwd">public<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonResult<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">FuckJson<span class="pun">()<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
    <span class="kwd">return<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonResult<span class="pun">()<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="typ">Data<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">List<span class="str"><string><span class="pun">()<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"fuck"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"shit"<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">},<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonRequestBehavior<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonRequestBehavior<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">AllowGet<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">};<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">}</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

如果我們直接在瀏覽器里調(diào)用，是可以看到結(jié)果的：

因為在瀏覽器地址欄直接輸入這個地址，是一次GET請求，這就是為毛上面的代碼里要寫JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet。

用JQuery AJAX調(diào)用的代碼如下：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

<span class="pln">$<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">ajax<span class="pun">({<span class="pln">
    url<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"/Fuck/FuckJson"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    data<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">""<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    dataType<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"json"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    type<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"POST"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    contentType<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"application/json; charset=utf-8"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    dataFilter<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">function<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="pln">data<span class="pun">)<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">return<span class="pln"> data<span class="pun">;<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">},<span class="pln">
    success<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">function<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="pln">data<span class="pun">)<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        alert<span class="pun">(<span class="pln">data<span class="pun">);<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">})</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

url: "/Fuck/FuckJson" 很顯然是Action的位置。data: "" 表示FuckJson()放方?jīng)]有參數(shù)。dataType: "json"是理所當(dāng)然的，我們返回的就是JsonResult。

二、返回自定義錯誤消息

默認(rèn)情況下，如果AJAX請求發(fā)生了錯誤。它最多只知道錯誤碼，而無法顯示具體的錯誤信息。但報錯通常是需要的，所以我們先要寫一個過濾器，作用是一旦發(fā)生exception，就給返回的json中的data屬性加一個errorMessage。并且，response的狀態(tài)不能是200，不然ajax請求會以為沒有發(fā)生錯誤。一般的服務(wù)器端錯誤代碼是500。這個過濾器函數(shù)如下：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

<span class="kwd">public<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">class<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonExceptionFilterAttribute<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">FilterAttribute<span class="pun">,<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">IExceptionFilter<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
    <span class="kwd">public<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">void<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">OnException<span class="pun">(<span class="typ">ExceptionContext<span class="pln"> filterContext<span class="pun">)<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">if<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="pln">filterContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">RequestContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">HttpContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">Request<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">IsAjaxRequest<span class="pun">())<span class="pln">
        <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
            filterContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">HttpContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">Response<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">StatusCode<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="lit">500<span class="pun">;<span class="pln">
            filterContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">ExceptionHandled<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">true<span class="pun">;<span class="pln">
            filterContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">Result<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonResult<span class="pln">
            <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
                <span class="typ">Data<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln">
                <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
                    errorMessage <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> filterContext<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">Exception<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">Message<span class="pln">
                <span class="pun">},<span class="pln">
                <span class="typ">JsonRequestBehavior<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonRequestBehavior<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">AllowGet<span class="pln">
            <span class="pun">};<span class="pln">
        <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
 
    <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">}</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

之后，我們要給FuckJson()方法加上這個“特征”（Attribute在C#中最好不要翻譯為屬性），然后故意拋個錯做測試。修改后的方法如下：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

<span class="pun">[<span class="typ">JsonExceptionFilterAttribute<span class="pun">]<span class="pln">
<span class="kwd">public<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonResult<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">FuckJson<span class="pun">()<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
    <span class="kwd">try<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">throw<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">Exception<span class="pun">(<span class="str">"oh shit!"<span class="pun">);<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">return<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonResult<span class="pun">()<span class="pln">
        <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
            <span class="typ">Data<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">new<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">List<span class="str"><string><span class="pun">()<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"fuck"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"shit"<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">},<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonRequestBehavior<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> <span class="typ">JsonRequestBehavior<span class="pun">.<span class="typ">AllowGet<span class="pln">
        <span class="pun">};<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
    <span class="kwd">catch<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="typ">Exception<span class="pln"> ex<span class="pun">)<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">throw<span class="pln"> ex<span class="pun">;<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">}</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

捕獲異常后，你也可以先記一下log、或是根據(jù)你自己的需要處理一下這個異常，然后再throw。

最后我們的AJAX請求代碼也得做修改，增加一個error的處理：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

<span class="pln">$<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">ajax<span class="pun">({<span class="pln">
    url<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"/Fuck/FuckJson"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    data<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">""<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    dataType<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"json"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    type<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"POST"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    contentType<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="str">"application/json; charset=utf-8"<span class="pun">,<span class="pln">
    dataFilter<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">function<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="pln">data<span class="pun">)<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">return<span class="pln"> data<span class="pun">;<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">},<span class="pln">
    success<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">function<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="pln">data<span class="pun">)<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        alert<span class="pun">(<span class="pln">data<span class="pun">);<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">},<span class="pln">
    error<span class="pun">:<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">function<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">(<span class="pln">fuckedObject<span class="pun">)<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
        <span class="kwd">try<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
            <span class="kwd">var<span class="pln"> json <span class="pun">=<span class="pln"> $<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">parseJSON<span class="pun">(<span class="pln">fuckedObject<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">responseText<span class="pun">);<span class="pln">
            alert<span class="pun">(<span class="pln">json<span class="pun">.<span class="pln">errorMessage<span class="pun">);<span class="pln">
        <span class="pun">}<span class="pln"> <span class="kwd">catch<span class="pun">(<span class="pln">e<span class="pun">)<span class="pln"> <span class="pun">{<span class="pln">
            alert<span class="pun">(<span class="str">'something bad happened'<span class="pun">);<span class="pln">
        <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
    <span class="pun">}<span class="pln">
<span class="pun">})</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

現(xiàn)在請求這個Action，會發(fā)現(xiàn)Response的狀態(tài)已經(jīng)是500了。并且返回了Json格式的錯誤信息。

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