LocalDB是SQL Server Express數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)引擎的輕量級(jí)版本，其非常易于安裝、配置、以命令行啟動(dòng)并運(yùn)行在user model.
LocalDB以一種SQL Server Express特殊的執(zhí)行模型運(yùn)行，從而使得你能夠以.mdf文件的方式來(lái)操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。如果你想使得數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)具有隨項(xiàng)目遷移的能力，你可以把LocalDB數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件放在web項(xiàng)目的App_Data文件夾下。
在SQL Server Express中雖然你能夠通過(guò)使用用戶示例功能來(lái)達(dá)到操作.mdf文件的目的，但是這種做法是不推薦的，相反，LocalDB是被推薦的方式。在Visual Studio2012及隨后的版本中，LocalDB隨Visual Studio一起默認(rèn)安裝的。
通常來(lái)說(shuō)SQL Server Express并不會(huì)被用于Web應(yīng)用程序的生產(chǎn)環(huán)境，同樣地，LocalDB由于其并不是針對(duì)IIS而設(shè)計(jì)的也不被推薦使用于生產(chǎn)環(huán)境。

一、創(chuàng)建基于MVCWeb Application

　　在正式開(kāi)始之前，先看一下VS 2013的啟動(dòng)界面，是不是有點(diǎn)冷酷的感覺(jué)

好了，言歸正傳，首先按如下截圖創(chuàng)建

創(chuàng)建完成后，我們對(duì)網(wǎng)站的風(fēng)格做些微調(diào)，以便能契合應(yīng)用主題

Views\Shared\_Layout.cshtml做如下更改（請(qǐng)看黃色高亮部分）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>@ViewBag.Title - Contact</title>
@Styles.Render("~/Content/css")
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/modernizr")
</head>
<body>
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
@Html.ActionLink("Contact", "Index", "Home", null, new { @class = "navbar-brand" })
</div>
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>@Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("About", "About", "Home")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("Contacts", "Index", "Contact")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("Groups", "Index", "Group")</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container body-content">
@RenderBody()
<hr />
<footer>
<p>&copy; @DateTime.Now.Year - Contact</p>
</footer>
</div>

@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery")
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/bootstrap")
@RenderSection("scripts", required: false)
</body>
</html>

Views\Home\Index.cshtml 替換成如下內(nèi)容


@{
ViewBag.Title = "Home Page";
}

<div class="jumbotron">
<h1>Contact</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<h2>Welcome to Contact</h2>
<p>
Contact is a sample application that
demonstrates how to use Entity Framework 6 in an
ASP.NET MVC 5 web application.
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<h2>Build it from scratch</h2>
<p>You can build the application by following the steps in the tutorial series on the following site.</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-default" >See the tutorial &raquo;</a></p>
</div>
</div>

運(yùn)行看一下效果吧

安裝EF6

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)模型

在Models文件夾下，分別創(chuàng)建Contact.cs、Enrollment.cs、Group.cs三個(gè)類

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace PCT.Contact.Models
{
 public class Contact
 {
  public int ID { get; set; }
  public string Name { get; set; }
  public DateTime EnrollmentDate { get; set; }
  public virtual ICollection<Enrollment> Enrollments { get; set; }
 }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace PCT.Contact.Models
{
 public class Enrollment
 {
  public int EnrollmentID { get; set; }
  public int ContactID { get; set; }
  public int GroupID { get; set; }
  public virtual Contact Contact { get; set; }
  public virtual Group Group { get; set; }
 }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace PCT.Contact.Models
{
 public enum GroupName
 {
  Friend, Family, Colleague, Schoolmate, Stranger
 }

 public class Group
 {
  public int GroupID { get; set; }
  public GroupName? GroupName { get; set; }
  public virtual ICollection<Enrollment> Enrollments { get; set; }
 }
}

PS：發(fā)現(xiàn)VS 2013有一個(gè)自動(dòng)提示reference，是不是很方便啊

創(chuàng)建Database Context

　　在PCT.Contact項(xiàng)目下新建文件夾DAL（Data Access Layer），繼而繼續(xù)新建CommunicationContext.cs

　　悲劇啊，由于類Contact和項(xiàng)目名稱Contact重復(fù)，不得不寫(xiě)全稱啊，以后注意。

　　繼續(xù)在DAL目錄下創(chuàng)建CommunicationInitializer.cs

　　為了通知EF使用你創(chuàng)建的initializer class，在項(xiàng)目的web.config中添加entityFramework節(jié)點(diǎn)

 <entityFramework>
 <contexts>
  <context type="PCT.Contact.DAL.CommunicationContext, PCT.Contact">
  <databaseInitializer type="PCT.Contact.DAL.CommunicationInitializer, PCT.Contact" />
  </context>
 </contexts>
 <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" />
 <providers>
  <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
 </providers>
 </entityFramework>

在項(xiàng)目web.config中添加connectionstrings（在appSettings之上）

 <connectionStrings>
 <add name="CommunicationContext" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;Initial Catalog=ContactCommunication;Integrated Security=SSPI;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
 </connectionStrings>
 
 <appSettings>
 <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
 <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
 <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
 <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
 </appSettings>