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簡介Objective-C解析XML與JSON數(shù)據(jù)格式的方法

 更新時(shí)間：2016年01月27日 09:20:13   作者：芳草小腳丫  
這篇文章主要介紹了Objective-C解析XML與JSON數(shù)據(jù)格式的方法,文中解析JSON包括拼接JSON字符串用到了SBJson這個(gè)解析器,需要的朋友可以參考下

解析XML
本文以解析本地XML為例，網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲取到的返回值只需轉(zhuǎn)換成NSData型，解析是同理

需要解析的xml文件如下，users.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<AllUsers>
 <message>用戶信息</message>
 <user>
  <name>芳仔小腳印</name>
  <age>10</age>
  <school>JiangSu University</school>
 </user>
 <user>
  <name>毒蟲</name>
  <age>22</age>
  <school>NanJing University</school>
 </user>
 <user>
  <name>女神</name>
  <age>23</age>
  <school>HongKong University</school>
 </user>
</AllUsers>

我們用一個(gè)數(shù)組來存放，最終數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)為

(
    {
    message = "用戶信息";
  },
    {
    age = 10;
    name = "芳仔小腳印";
    school = "JiangSu University";
  },
    {
    age = 22;
    name = "毒蟲";
    school = "NanJing University";
  },
    {
    age = 23;
    name = "女神";
    school = "HongKong University";
  }
)

解析步驟

一、聲明代理 NSXMLParserDelegate

二、解析

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

// 遇到節(jié)點(diǎn)message和user時(shí)作為一個(gè)字典存放
    NSArray *keyElements = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"message",@"user", nil];
    // 需要解析的字段
    NSArray *rootElements = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"message",@"name",@"age",@"school", nil];
    // 獲取xml文件的路徑
    NSString *xmlPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"users" ofType:@"xml"];
    // 轉(zhuǎn)化為Data
    NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:xmlPath];
    
    // 初始化
    NSXMLParser *xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:data];
    
    // 代理
    xmlParser.delegate = self;
    // 開始解析
    BOOL flag = [xmlParser parse];
    if (flag) {
        NSLog(@"解析成功");
    }
    else{
        NSLog(@"解析出錯(cuò)");
    }

中間變量，在.m的interface的中定義
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

NSString *currentElement;
    
    NSString *currentValue;
    
    NSMutableDictionary *rootDic;
    
    NSMutableArray *finalArray;

代理方法
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

#pragma - mark 開始解析時(shí)
-(void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser
{
    // 用數(shù)組存儲(chǔ)每一組信息
    finalArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    
    
}
#pragma - mark 發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict
{
    for(NSString *key in self.keyElements){
        if ([elementName isEqualToString:key]) {
            // 關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)開始時(shí)，初始化一個(gè)字典來存放值
            rootDic = nil;
            
            rootDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithCapacity:0];
            
        }
        else {
            for(NSString *element in self.rootElements){
                if ([element isEqualToString:element]) {
                    currentElement = elementName;
                    currentValue = [NSString string];
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
}
#pragma - mark 發(fā)現(xiàn)節(jié)點(diǎn)值時(shí)
 
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string
{
    
    if (currentElement) {
 
        currentValue = string;
        [rootDic setObject:string forKey:currentElement];
    }
    
}
#pragma - mark 結(jié)束節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
{
    if (currentElement) {
        [rootDic setObject:currentValue forKey:currentElement];
        currentElement = nil;
        currentValue = nil;
    }
    for(NSString *key in self.keyElements){
 
        if ([elementName isEqualToString:key]) {
            // 關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)結(jié)束時(shí)，將字典存放在數(shù)組中
            if (rootDic) {
 
                [finalArray addObject:rootDic];
            }
        }
    }
}
#pragma - mark 結(jié)束解析
-(void)parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser
{
    
}

解析完成后，打印出finalArray為

(
 {
  message = "\U7528\U6237\U4fe1\U606f";
 },
 {
  age = 10;
  name = "\U82b3\U4ed4\U5c0f\U811a\U5370";
  school = "JiangSu University";
 },
 {
  age = 22;
  name = "\U6bd2\U866b";
  school = "NanJing University";
 },
 {
  age = 23;
  name = "\U5973\U795e";
  school = "HongKong University";
 }
)

使用SBJson拼接和解析json
1.ios解析json
使用開源json包，項(xiàng)目地址：
http://www.superloopy.io/json-framework/

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

NSData * responseData = [respones responseData];
     
     NSString * strResponser = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
SBJsonParser * parser = [[SBJsonParser alloc]init];
     NSMutableDictionary *dicMessageInfo = [parser objectWithString:strResponser]; // 解析成json解析對(duì)象
[parser release];
     //發(fā)送者
     NSString * sender = [dicMessageInfo objectForKey:@"sender"];

2.json嵌套對(duì)象解析：
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

//要上傳的字符串
    NSString *dataStr=[[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"{\"cross\":{\"1\":\"true\",\"2\":\"false\",\"3\":\"true\"}}"];
//獲取響應(yīng)返回字符串
NSData * responseData = [respones responseData];
       
        NSString * strResponser = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
//嵌套解析
SBJsonParser * parser = [[SBJsonParser alloc]init];
           
            NSMutableDictionary *dicMessageInfo = [parser objectWithString:strResponser]; // 解析成json解析對(duì)象
           
            NSMutableDictionary * cross = [dicMessageInfo objectForKey:@"cross"];
           
            NSString *cross1= [cross objectForKey:@"1"];
            //解析json到各個(gè)字符串
            //發(fā)送者
            [parser release];
            NSLog(@"cross1: %@",cross1);

3.拼接json字符串

通過使用SBJson中的SBJsonWriter類的方法- (NSString*)stringWithObject:(id)value可以將一個(gè)對(duì)象中的值格式化為json字符串，符合key/value格式的數(shù)據(jù)封裝到NSDictionary后可以使用該方法進(jìn)行格式化，其他數(shù)據(jù)通過拼接字符串的方式格式化。
在拼接過程中可以使用類NSMutableString的方法：

復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

- (void)appendString:(NSString *)aString;、
- (void)appendFormat:(NSString *)format, ... NS_FORMAT_FUNCTION(1,2);

動(dòng)態(tài)添加字符串。
拼接的字符串可通過json在線驗(yàn)證的方式驗(yàn)證其格式是否正確，網(wǎng)址為：
http://jsonlint.com/
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

-(NSString *) getJsonString
{
    NSMutableString *json = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:128];
    NSString *jsonString=nil;
    SBJsonWriter *writer = [[SBJsonWriter alloc] init];
    [json appendString:@"{\"data\":{"];
    [json appendFormat:@"\"%@\":\"%d\",",@"reset",reset];
    if(missionStatus!=NULL)
    {
        jsonString=[writer stringWithObject:status];
        if(jsonString!=NULL)
        {
            [json appendString:@"\"status\":"];
            [json appendString:jsonString];
        }
    }
    [json appendString:@"}}"];
    return json;
}

4.利用多個(gè)NSDictionary，拼接多層嵌套的json字符串，減少因手工拼接忘記加引號(hào)導(dǎo)致的json格式錯(cuò)誤
示例代碼：
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:

NSDictionary *dataDictionary= [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:mac,@"mac",
                                   game,@"game",
                                   devicetoken,@"devicetoken",
                                   device,@"device",
                                   gv,@"gv",
                                   lang,@"lang",
                                   os,@"os",
                                   hardware,@"hardware",
                                   down,@"down",nil];
    NSDictionary *parmDictionary= [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"getSession",@"act",
                                   dataDictionary,@"data",nil];
    NSDictionary *jsonDictionary=[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:pv,@"pv",
                                  parmDictionary,@"param",nil];
    SBJsonWriter *writer = [[SBJsonWriter alloc] init];
   
    NSString *jsonString=nil;
    jsonString=[writer stringWithObject:jsonDictionary];
    NSLog(@"%@",jsonString);

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