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.NET下通過(guò)HttpListener實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單的Http服務(wù)

 更新時(shí)間：2016年09月02日 14:37:20   作者：Yangyi.He  
這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了.NET下通過(guò)HttpListener實(shí)現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單Http服務(wù)的相關(guān)資料，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

HttpListener提供一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的、可通過(guò)編程方式控制的 HTTP 協(xié)議偵聽(tīng)器.使用它可以很容易的提供一些Http服務(wù)，而無(wú)需啟動(dòng)IIS這類大型服務(wù)程序。使用HttpListener的方法流程很簡(jiǎn)單：主要分為以下幾步 

1.創(chuàng)建一個(gè)HTTP偵聽(tīng)器對(duì)象并初始化 

2.添加需要監(jiān)聽(tīng)的URI 前綴 

3.開(kāi)始偵聽(tīng)來(lái)自客戶端的請(qǐng)求 

4.處理客戶端的Http請(qǐng)求 

5.關(guān)閉HTTP偵聽(tīng)器 

例如：我們要實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單Http服務(wù)，進(jìn)行文件的下載，或者進(jìn)行一些其他的操作，例如要發(fā)送郵件，使用HttpListener監(jiān)聽(tīng)，處理郵件隊(duì)列，避免在網(wǎng)站上的同步等待。以及獲取一些緩存的數(shù)據(jù)等等行為 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

namespace HttpListenerApp
{
 /// <summary>
 /// HttpRequest邏輯處理
 /// </summary>
 public class HttpProvider
 {

  private static HttpListener httpFiledownload; //文件下載處理請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)
  private static HttpListener httOtherRequest; //其他超做請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)

  /// <summary>
  /// 開(kāi)啟HttpListener監(jiān)聽(tīng)
  /// </summary>
  public static void Init()
  {
   httpFiledownload = new HttpListener(); //創(chuàng)建監(jiān)聽(tīng)實(shí)例
   httpFiledownload.Prefixes.Add("http://10.0.0.217:20009/FileManageApi/Download/"); //添加監(jiān)聽(tīng)地址 注意是以/結(jié)尾。
   httpFiledownload.Start(); //允許該監(jiān)聽(tīng)地址接受請(qǐng)求的傳入。
   Thread ThreadhttpFiledownload = new Thread(new ThreadStart(GethttpFiledownload)); //創(chuàng)建開(kāi)啟一個(gè)線程監(jiān)聽(tīng)該地址得請(qǐng)求
   ThreadhttpFiledownload.Start();

   httOtherRequest = new HttpListener();
   httOtherRequest.Prefixes.Add("http://10.0.0.217:20009/BehaviorApi/EmailSend/"); //添加監(jiān)聽(tīng)地址 注意是以/結(jié)尾。
   httOtherRequest.Start(); //允許該監(jiān)聽(tīng)地址接受請(qǐng)求的傳入。
   Thread ThreadhttOtherRequest = new Thread(new ThreadStart(GethttOtherRequest));
   ThreadhttOtherRequest.Start();
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 執(zhí)行文件下載處理請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)行為
  /// </summary>
  public static void GethttpFiledownload()
  {
   while (true)
   {
    HttpListenerContext requestContext = httpFiledownload.GetContext(); //接受到新的請(qǐng)求
    try
    {
     //reecontext 為開(kāi)啟線程傳入的 requestContext請(qǐng)求對(duì)象
     Thread subthread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart((reecontext) =>  
     {
      Console.WriteLine("執(zhí)行文件處理請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)行為");

      var request = (HttpListenerContext)reecontext;
      var image = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(request.Request.QueryString["imgname"]); //接受GET請(qǐng)求過(guò)來(lái)的參數(shù)；
      string filepath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + image;
      if (!File.Exists(filepath))
      {
       filepath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "default.jpg";  //下載默認(rèn)圖片
      }
      using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filepath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
      {
       byte[] buffer = new byte[fs.Length];
       fs.Read(buffer, 0, (int)fs.Length); //將文件讀到緩存區(qū)
       request.Response.StatusCode = 200;
       request.Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
       request.Response.ContentType = "image/jpg"; 
       request.Response.ContentLength64 = buffer.Length;
       var output = request.Response.OutputStream; //獲取請(qǐng)求流
       output.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);  //將緩存區(qū)的字節(jié)數(shù)寫入當(dāng)前請(qǐng)求流返回
       output.Close();
      }
     }));
     subthread.Start(requestContext); //開(kāi)啟處理線程處理下載文件
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
     try
     {
      requestContext.Response.StatusCode = 500;
      requestContext.Response.ContentType = "application/text";
      requestContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
      byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("System Error");
      //對(duì)客戶端輸出相應(yīng)信息.
      requestContext.Response.ContentLength64 = buffer.Length;
      System.IO.Stream output = requestContext.Response.OutputStream;
      output.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
      //關(guān)閉輸出流，釋放相應(yīng)資源
      output.Close();
     }
     catch { }
    }
   }
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 執(zhí)行其他超做請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)行為
  /// </summary>
  public static void GethttOtherRequest()
  {
   while (true)
   {
    HttpListenerContext requestContext = httOtherRequest.GetContext(); //接受到新的請(qǐng)求
    try
    {
     //reecontext 為開(kāi)啟線程傳入的 requestContext請(qǐng)求對(duì)象
     Thread subthread = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart((reecontext) =>
     {
      Console.WriteLine("執(zhí)行其他超做請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)行為");
      var request = (HttpListenerContext)reecontext;
      var msg = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(request.Request.QueryString["behavior"]); //接受GET請(qǐng)求過(guò)來(lái)的參數(shù)；
      //在此處執(zhí)行你需要進(jìn)行的操作>>比如什么緩存數(shù)據(jù)讀取，隊(duì)列消息處理，郵件消息隊(duì)列添加等等。

      request.Response.StatusCode = 200;
      request.Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
      request.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
      requestContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
      byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { success = true, behavior = msg }));
      request.Response.ContentLength64 = buffer.Length;
      var output = request.Response.OutputStream;
      output.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
      output.Close();
     }));
     subthread.Start(requestContext); //開(kāi)啟處理線程處理下載文件
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
     try
     {
      requestContext.Response.StatusCode = 500;
      requestContext.Response.ContentType = "application/text";
      requestContext.Response.ContentEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;
      byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("System Error");
      //對(duì)客戶端輸出相應(yīng)信息.
      requestContext.Response.ContentLength64 = buffer.Length;
      System.IO.Stream output = requestContext.Response.OutputStream;
      output.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
      //關(guān)閉輸出流，釋放相應(yīng)資源
      output.Close();
     }
     catch { }
    }
   }
  }
 }
}

調(diào)用方式：注意這里啟動(dòng)程序必須以管理員身份運(yùn)行，因?yàn)樯衔绲谋O(jiān)聽(tīng)需要開(kāi)啟端口，所有需要以管理員身份運(yùn)行。 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace HttpListenerApp
{
 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   //開(kāi)啟請(qǐng)求監(jiān)聽(tīng)
   HttpProvider.Init();
  }
 }
}

執(zhí)行后的結(jié)果為：

這里通過(guò)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的控制程序在里面使用HttpListener實(shí)現(xiàn)了簡(jiǎn)單的Http服務(wù)程序。里面有少量的線程和和異步處理，比如收到行為信息請(qǐng)求可以先返回給用戶，讓用戶不用同步等待，就可以執(zhí)行下一步操作，又比如實(shí)現(xiàn)的簡(jiǎn)單郵件服務(wù)器，將請(qǐng)求發(fā)給HttpListener接收到請(qǐng)求后就立即返回，交給隊(duì)列去發(fā)送郵件。郵件的發(fā)送會(huì)出現(xiàn)延遲等待等情況出現(xiàn)，這樣就不用等待。

以上就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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