[root@localhost ~]# lvs
 LV    VG   Attr    LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert                         
 mydatalv mydata -wi-ao---- 1.00g  
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
文件系統(tǒng)           容量 已用 可用 已用% 掛載點(diǎn)
/dev/mapper/mydata-mydatalv 976M 2.6M 907M  1% /data

將原數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件復(fù)制到/data目錄下

[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /var/lib/mysql /data/

修改配置文件，將mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件放在lvm盤中，二進(jìn)制文件放在非lvm盤的/var/lib/mysql/目錄下

[root@ns1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  [mysqld]
  log_bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
  datadir=/data/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mariadb restart
[root@localhost ~]# ls /data/mysql
aria_log.00000001 ibdata1   ib_logfile1 mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000003 performance_schema
aria_log_control  ib_logfile0 mysql    mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index  test

可以看到重啟后數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件已存放在了/data/mysql目錄中了

對(duì)mysql進(jìn)行鎖表備份

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e 'flush tables with read lock;' 鎖表
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e 'flush logs;'     對(duì)日志進(jìn)行滾動(dòng)，
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e 'show master status;' > /root/back.$(date +%F+%T)
[root@localhost ~]# ls
back.2016-07-13+10:14:29

對(duì)lv創(chuàng)建快照

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 1G -n mysqlback -p r -s /dev/mydata/mydatalv

釋放鎖

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -e 'unlock tables;'

在別的磁盤上創(chuàng)建備份目錄，只讀掛載快照后備份至備份目錄

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /myback
[root@localhost ~]# mount -r /dev/mydata/mysqlback /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /mnt/mysql /myback

修改表內(nèi)容，然后刪除掉數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件內(nèi)容即/data/mysql中的內(nèi)容

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
  MariaDB [hellodb]> use hellodb;
  MariaDB [hellodb]> insert into classes (class,numofstu) values ('xxoo',39);
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /data/*

修改配置文件中二進(jìn)制日志和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件的位置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  [mysqld]
  log_bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
  datadir=/data/mysql

利用/myback/中的內(nèi)容還原

[root@localhost ~]# cp -a /myback/* /data/
[root@localhost ~]# service mariadb restart

利用二進(jìn)制日志還原快照后的操作，由下面這個(gè)文件來(lái)查看快照?qǐng)?zhí)行時(shí)二進(jìn)制日志的位置

[root@localhost ~]# cat back.2016-07-13+10\:14\:29 
File  Position  Binlog_Do_DB  Binlog_Ignore_DB
mysql-bin.000014    245

將000014中245之后的操作做成sql文件，進(jìn)行還原

[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=245 /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000014 > binlog.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql < /root/binlog.sql

查看恢復(fù)情況

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
  MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb;
  MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from classes;
  +---------+----------------+----------+
  | ClassID | Class     | NumOfStu |
  +---------+----------------+----------+
  |    1 | Shaolin Pai  |    10 |
  |    2 | Emei Pai    |    7 |
  |    3 | QingCheng Pai |    11 |
  |    4 | Wudang Pai   |    12 |
  |    5 | Riyue Shenjiao |    31 |
  |    6 | Lianshan Pai  |    27 |
  |    7 | Ming Jiao   |    27 |
  |    8 | Xiaoyao Pai  |    15 |
  |    9 | xxoo      |    39 |
  +---------+----------------+----------+
  9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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