Mongodb過(guò)濾器filter選擇要返回的數(shù)組子集操作方法
更新時(shí)間：2023年07月19日 14:36:18 作者：Ethanchen's?notes
Mongodb使用過(guò)濾器 $filter根據(jù)指定條件選擇要返回的數(shù)組子集，這篇文章主要介紹了Mongodb對(duì)嵌套文檔數(shù)組進(jìn)行查詢操作,需要的朋友可以參考下
Mongodb過(guò)濾器
Mongodb使用過(guò)濾器 $filter 根據(jù)指定條件選擇要返回的數(shù)組子集。返回僅包含與條件匹配的元素的數(shù)組。返回的元素按原始順序排列。也就是說(shuō)，這個(gè)是選擇你要的文檔，而不是排除。 如果該數(shù)組沒(méi)有符合條件 ，則為 空 []
$filter: 選擇數(shù)組的子集以返回僅包含與過(guò)濾條件匹配的元素的數(shù)組。
插入測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)
sit_rs1:PRIMARY> db.user.insertMany([
... { name: "user1", age: 10, letter: [{"x":"X1", "y":"Y1"}, {"x":"X2", "y":"Y2"}, {"x":"X3", "y":"Y3"}], number: [ { "n1":2, "n2":6 }, { "n1":3, "n2":3 }, { "n1":5, "n2":6 } ] },
... { name: "user2", age: 20, letter: [{"V":"V1", "y":"Y1"}, {"V":"V2", "y":"Y2"}, {"V":"V3", "y":"Y3"}], number: [ { "n1":1, "n2":3 }, { "n1":4, "n2":5 }, { "n1":7, "n2":6 } ] },
... { name: "user3", age: 30, letter: [{"V":"V1", "w":"W1"}, {"V":"V2", "w":"W2"}, {"V":"V3", "w":"W3"}], number: [ { "n1":1, "n2":8 }, { "n1":2, "n2":6 }, { "n1":2, "n2":6 } ] },
... { name: "user4", age: 45, letter: [{"z":"Z1", "w":"W1"}, {"z":"Z2", "w":"W2"}, {"z":"Z3", "w":"W3"}], number: [ { "n1":9, "n2":8 }, { "n1":2, "n2":4 }, { "n1":3, "n2":6 } ] },
... { name: "user5", age: 55, letter: [{"z":"Z1", "u":"U1"}, {"z":"Z2", "u":"U2"}, {"z":"Z3", "u":"U3"}], number: [ { "n1":7, "n2":8 }, { "n1":8, "n2":4 }, { "n1":4, "n2":6 } ] },
... { name: "user6", age: 55, letter: [{"t":"T1", "u":"U1"}, {"t":"T2", "u":"U2"}, {"t":"T3", "u":"U3"}], number: [ { "n1":5, "n2":8 }, { "n1":8, "n2":5 }, { "n1":7, "n2":6 } ] },
... ])
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"insertedIds" : [
ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b74"),
ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b75"),
ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b76"),
ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b77"),
ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b78"),
ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b79")
]
}
sit_rs1:PRIMARY> db.user.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b74"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 10, "letter" : [ { "x" : "X1", "y" : "Y1" }, { "x" : "X2", "y" : "Y2" }, { "x" : "X3", "y" : "Y3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 2, "n2" : 6 }, { "n1" : 3, "n2" : 3 }, { "n1" : 5, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b75"), "name" : "user2", "age" : 20, "letter" : [ { "V" : "V1", "y" : "Y1" }, { "V" : "V2", "y" : "Y2" }, { "V" : "V3", "y" : "Y3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 1, "n2" : 3 }, { "n1" : 4, "n2" : 5 }, { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b76"), "name" : "user3", "age" : 30, "letter" : [ { "V" : "V1", "w" : "W1" }, { "V" : "V2", "w" : "W2" }, { "V" : "V3", "w" : "W3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 1, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 2, "n2" : 6 }, { "n1" : 2, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b77"), "name" : "user4", "age" : 45, "letter" : [ { "z" : "Z1", "w" : "W1" }, { "z" : "Z2", "w" : "W2" }, { "z" : "Z3", "w" : "W3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 9, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 2, "n2" : 4 }, { "n1" : 3, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b78"), "name" : "user5", "age" : 55, "letter" : [ { "z" : "Z1", "u" : "U1" }, { "z" : "Z2", "u" : "U2" }, { "z" : "Z3", "u" : "U3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 4 }, { "n1" : 4, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b79"), "name" : "user6", "age" : 55, "letter" : [ { "t" : "T1", "u" : "U1" }, { "t" : "T2", "u" : "U2" }, { "t" : "T3", "u" : "U3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 5, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 5 }, { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }$filter 具有以下語(yǔ)法：
{ $filter: { input: <array>, as: <string>, cond: <expression> } }- input: 解析為數(shù)組的表達(dá)式。
- as: 可選的。代表數(shù)組中每個(gè)單獨(dú)元素的變量名稱input。如果未指定名稱，則變量名稱默認(rèn)為this。
- cond: 解析為布爾值的表達(dá)式，用于確定是否應(yīng)將某個(gè)元素包含在輸出數(shù)組中。表達(dá)式使用as中指定的變量名分別引用輸入數(shù)組的每個(gè)元素。
# 以下示例選擇 number 數(shù)組 n1 字段 僅包含 “大于5” 的文檔：
sit_rs1:PRIMARY> db.user.aggregate([
... {
... $project: {
... number: {
... $filter: {
... input: "$number",
... as: "number",
... cond: { $gt: [ "$$number.n1", 5 ] }
... }
... }
... }
... }
... ])
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b74"), "number" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b75"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b76"), "number" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b77"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 9, "n2" : 8 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b78"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 4 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b79"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 5 }, { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }as: 是可選的。如果未指定名稱，則變量名稱默認(rèn)為this。下面使用 this 代替。
sit_rs1:PRIMARY> db.user.aggregate([
... {
... $project: {
... number: {
... $filter: {
... input: "$number",
... cond: { $gt: [ "$$this.n1", 5 ] }
... }
... }
... }
... }
... ])
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b74"), "number" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b75"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b76"), "number" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b77"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 9, "n2" : 8 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b78"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 4 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b79"), "number" : [ { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 5 }, { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }聚合管道更新
從 MongoDB 4.2 開(kāi)始，您可以使用聚合管道進(jìn)行更新：使用聚合管道可以實(shí)現(xiàn)更具表現(xiàn)力的更新語(yǔ)句，例如基于當(dāng)前字段值表達(dá)條件更新或使用另一個(gè)字段的值更新一個(gè)字段。
以下示例，使用 filter 選擇數(shù)組的子集, 再更新原來(lái)的數(shù)組。
# 以下示例選擇 number 數(shù)組 n1 字段 僅包含 “大于5” 的文檔：并更新替換原來(lái)的數(shù)組
sit_rs1:PRIMARY> db.user.updateMany(
... { "number": { $exists: true } },
... [{
... $set: {
... "number": {
... $filter: {
... input: "$number",
... as: "number",
... cond: { $gt: [ "$$number.n1", 5 ] }
... }
... }
... }
... }]
... )
{ "acknowledged" : true, "matchedCount" : 6, "modifiedCount" : 6 }
sit_rs1:PRIMARY> db.user.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b74"), "name" : "user1", "age" : 10, "letter" : [ { "x" : "X1", "y" : "Y1" }, { "x" : "X2", "y" : "Y2" }, { "x" : "X3", "y" : "Y3" } ], "number" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b75"), "name" : "user2", "age" : 20, "letter" : [ { "V" : "V1", "y" : "Y1" }, { "V" : "V2", "y" : "Y2" }, { "V" : "V3", "y" : "Y3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b76"), "name" : "user3", "age" : 30, "letter" : [ { "V" : "V1", "w" : "W1" }, { "V" : "V2", "w" : "W2" }, { "V" : "V3", "w" : "W3" } ], "number" : [ ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b77"), "name" : "user4", "age" : 45, "letter" : [ { "z" : "Z1", "w" : "W1" }, { "z" : "Z2", "w" : "W2" }, { "z" : "Z3", "w" : "W3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 9, "n2" : 8 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b78"), "name" : "user5", "age" : 55, "letter" : [ { "z" : "Z1", "u" : "U1" }, { "z" : "Z2", "u" : "U2" }, { "z" : "Z3", "u" : "U3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 8 }, { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 4 } ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("64b661869be837dc8e997b79"), "name" : "user6", "age" : 55, "letter" : [ { "t" : "T1", "u" : "U1" }, { "t" : "T2", "u" : "U2" }, { "t" : "T3", "u" : "U3" } ], "number" : [ { "n1" : 8, "n2" : 5 }, { "n1" : 7, "n2" : 6 } ] }到此這篇關(guān)于Mongodb過(guò)濾器filter選擇要返回的數(shù)組子集的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Mongodb數(shù)組子集內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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