uniapp-ios開發(fā)之App端與webview端相互通信的方法以及注意事項

更新時間：2024年07月22日 09:02:48 作者：叫我菜菜就好

在uni-app與Webview之間進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)交互是非常常見的需求,下面這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于uniapp-ios開發(fā)之App端與webview端相互通信的方法以及注意事項的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

前言

在開發(fā)中，使用uniapp開發(fā)的項目開發(fā)效率是極高的，使用一套代碼就能夠同時在多端上線，像筆者之前寫過的使用Flutter端和webview端之間的相互通信方法和問題，這種方式本質(zhì)上實際上是h5和h5之間的通信，網(wǎng)上有非常多的方案，最簡單的就是使用postMessage和addEventListener的方式，這個在我之前的文章有講解，這里不再贅述。

那么今天的問題，是使用uniapp開發(fā)的App端和H5端(webview)之間的通信問題。

注意前提，是使用uniapp同時去開發(fā)app端和h5端。

問題

uniapp本質(zhì)開發(fā)的app實際上還是web，那么能不能用postMessage的方式呢？

答案當(dāng)然是可以的，但是你要區(qū)分情況，仔細(xì)看看官方文檔：

平臺差異說明：App-nvue，是App-nvue的方法，這是個坑?。?！

所以，這個時候就需要去區(qū)分情況了，你使用的是vue寫的webview還是nvue寫的webview。

vue類型的webview

<web-view :src="src" ref="webview" :fullscreen="false" @message="receiveData"></web-view>

app傳遞數(shù)據(jù)給h5

本質(zhì)：h5在webview環(huán)境中提取放入一個函數(shù)，app調(diào)用該函數(shù)傳遞數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)去。

h5端接收：可以在app.vue的onLaunch階段

window.msgFromUniapp = (res) =>{
	console.log("原生傳遞過來的數(shù)據(jù)：",res)
}

app端發(fā)送：

methods: {
			//給webview傳遞數(shù)據(jù)
			postMess(msg) {
				const currentWebview = this.$scope.$getAppWebview();
				const wv = currentWebview.children()[0];
				wv.evalJS(`msgFromUniapp('${JSON.stringify(msg)}')`)
			}
		},
		onLoad(item) {
			this.src = decodeURIComponent(item.url)
			// 傳入需要跳轉(zhuǎn)的鏈接 使用web-view標(biāo)簽進(jìn)行跳轉(zhuǎn)
			this.title = item.title
			// #ifdef APP-PLUS
			const currentWebview = this.$scope.$getAppWebview();
			const that = this
			setTimeout(function() {
				let wv = currentWebview.children()[0];
				that.postMess({
					type: 'app/systemInfo',
					data: {
						sys: 'ios'
					},
					code: 1,
				})
			}, 500);
			// #endif
		}

h5傳遞給app

app端接收：添加監(jiān)聽即可

@message="receiveData"

h5端發(fā)送：

  import '@/utils/uni.webview.1.5.4..js'

  //傳遞url給原生應(yīng)用
          uni.webView.postMessage({
              data:{
                  action:'openUrl',
                  url:this.orderDetail.url
              }
          })

uni.webview.1.5.4.js

!function(e,n){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=n():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(n):(e=e||self).uni=n()}(this,(function(){"use strict";try{var e={};Object.defineProperty(e,"passive",{get:function(){!0}}),window.addEventListener("test-passive",null,e)}catch(e){}var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,i){return n.call(e,i)}var t=[];function r(){return window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage||window.__dcloud_weex_}var o=function(e,n){var i={options:{timestamp:+new Date},name:e,arg:n};if(r()){if("postMessage"===e){var o={data:[n]};return window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage?window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage(o):window.__dcloud_weex_.postMessage(JSON.stringify(o))}var a={type:"WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",args:{data:i,webviewIds:t}};window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage?window.__dcloud_weex_postMessageToService(a):window.__dcloud_weex_.postMessageToService(JSON.stringify(a))}if(!window.plus)return window.parent.postMessage({type:"WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",data:i,pageId:""},"*");if(0===t.length){var d=plus.webview.currentWebview();if(!d)throw new Error("plus.webview.currentWebview() is undefined");var s=d.parent(),w="";w=s?s.id:d.id,t.push(w)}if(plus.webview.getWebviewById("__uniapp__service"))plus.webview.postMessageToUniNView({type:"WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",args:{data:i,webviewIds:t}},"__uniapp__service");else{var u=JSON.stringify(i);plus.webview.getLaunchWebview().evalJS('UniPlusBridge.subscribeHandler("'.concat("WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",'",').concat(u,",").concat(JSON.stringify(t),");"))}},a={navigateTo:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("navigateTo",{url:encodeURI(n)})},navigateBack:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.delta;o("navigateBack",{delta:parseInt(n)||1})},switchTab:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("switchTab",{url:encodeURI(n)})},reLaunch:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("reLaunch",{url:encodeURI(n)})},redirectTo:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("redirectTo",{url:encodeURI(n)})},getEnv:function(e){r()?e({nvue:!0}):window.plus?e({plus:!0}):e({h5:!0})},postMessage:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};o("postMessage",e.data||{})}},d=/uni-app/i.test(navigator.userAgent),s=/Html5Plus/i.test(navigator.userAgent),w=/complete|loaded|interactive/;var u=window.my&&navigator.userAgent.indexOf(["t","n","e","i","l","C","y","a","p","i","l","A"].reverse().join(""))>-1;var g=window.swan&&window.swan.webView&&/swan/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var v=window.qq&&window.qq.miniProgram&&/QQ/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var c=window.tt&&window.tt.miniProgram&&/toutiaomicroapp/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var m=window.wx&&window.wx.miniProgram&&/micromessenger/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var p=window.qa&&/quickapp/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var f=window.ks&&window.ks.miniProgram&&/micromessenger/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var l=window.tt&&window.tt.miniProgram&&/Lark|Feishu/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var _=window.jd&&window.jd.miniProgram&&/micromessenger/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var E=window.xhs&&window.xhs.miniProgram&&/xhsminiapp/i.test(navigator.userAgent);for(var h,P=function(){window.UniAppJSBridge=!0,document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("UniAppJSBridgeReady",{bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))},b=[function(e){if(d||s)return window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage||window.__dcloud_weex_?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e):window.plus&&w.test(document.readyState)?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("plusready",e),a},function(e){if(m)return window.WeixinJSBridge&&window.WeixinJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("WeixinJSBridgeReady",e),window.wx.miniProgram},function(e){if(v)return window.QQJSBridge&&window.QQJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("QQJSBridgeReady",e),window.qq.miniProgram},function(e){if(u){document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e);var n=window.my;return{navigateTo:n.navigateTo,navigateBack:n.navigateBack,switchTab:n.switchTab,reLaunch:n.reLaunch,redirectTo:n.redirectTo,postMessage:n.postMessage,getEnv:n.getEnv}}},function(e){if(g)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),window.swan.webView},function(e){if(c)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),window.tt.miniProgram},function(e){if(p){window.QaJSBridge&&window.QaJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("QaJSBridgeReady",e);var n=window.qa;return{navigateTo:n.navigateTo,navigateBack:n.navigateBack,switchTab:n.switchTab,reLaunch:n.reLaunch,redirectTo:n.redirectTo,postMessage:n.postMessage,getEnv:n.getEnv}}},function(e){if(f)return window.WeixinJSBridge&&window.WeixinJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("WeixinJSBridgeReady",e),window.ks.miniProgram},function(e){if(l)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),window.tt.miniProgram},function(e){if(_)return window.JDJSBridgeReady&&window.JDJSBridgeReady.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("JDJSBridgeReady",e),window.jd.miniProgram},function(e){if(E)return window.xhs.miniProgram},function(e){return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),a}],y=0;y<b.length&&!(h=b[y](P));y++);h||(h={});var B="undefined"!=typeof uni?uni:{};if(!B.navigateTo)for(var S in h)i(h,S)&&(B[S]=h[S]);return B.webView=h,B}));

注意事項

app端要延遲再去獲取webview實例，等webview加載完成。

官方寫的是uni.posMessage，筆者親試，沒用的，注意是是 uni.webView.postMessage。

h5需要額外引入uni.webview.1.5.4..js

!function(e,n){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=n():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(n):(e=e||self).uni=n()}(this,(function(){"use strict";try{var e={};Object.defineProperty(e,"passive",{get:function(){!0}}),window.addEventListener("test-passive",null,e)}catch(e){}var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,i){return n.call(e,i)}var t=[];function r(){return window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage||window.__dcloud_weex_}var o=function(e,n){var i={options:{timestamp:+new Date},name:e,arg:n};if(r()){if("postMessage"===e){var o={data:[n]};return window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage?window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage(o):window.__dcloud_weex_.postMessage(JSON.stringify(o))}var a={type:"WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",args:{data:i,webviewIds:t}};window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage?window.__dcloud_weex_postMessageToService(a):window.__dcloud_weex_.postMessageToService(JSON.stringify(a))}if(!window.plus)return window.parent.postMessage({type:"WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",data:i,pageId:""},"*");if(0===t.length){var d=plus.webview.currentWebview();if(!d)throw new Error("plus.webview.currentWebview() is undefined");var s=d.parent(),w="";w=s?s.id:d.id,t.push(w)}if(plus.webview.getWebviewById("__uniapp__service"))plus.webview.postMessageToUniNView({type:"WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",args:{data:i,webviewIds:t}},"__uniapp__service");else{var u=JSON.stringify(i);plus.webview.getLaunchWebview().evalJS('UniPlusBridge.subscribeHandler("'.concat("WEB_INVOKE_APPSERVICE",'",').concat(u,",").concat(JSON.stringify(t),");"))}},a={navigateTo:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("navigateTo",{url:encodeURI(n)})},navigateBack:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.delta;o("navigateBack",{delta:parseInt(n)||1})},switchTab:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("switchTab",{url:encodeURI(n)})},reLaunch:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("reLaunch",{url:encodeURI(n)})},redirectTo:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{},n=e.url;o("redirectTo",{url:encodeURI(n)})},getEnv:function(e){r()?e({nvue:!0}):window.plus?e({plus:!0}):e({h5:!0})},postMessage:function(){var e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};o("postMessage",e.data||{})}},d=/uni-app/i.test(navigator.userAgent),s=/Html5Plus/i.test(navigator.userAgent),w=/complete|loaded|interactive/;var u=window.my&&navigator.userAgent.indexOf(["t","n","e","i","l","C","y","a","p","i","l","A"].reverse().join(""))>-1;var g=window.swan&&window.swan.webView&&/swan/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var v=window.qq&&window.qq.miniProgram&&/QQ/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var c=window.tt&&window.tt.miniProgram&&/toutiaomicroapp/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var m=window.wx&&window.wx.miniProgram&&/micromessenger/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var p=window.qa&&/quickapp/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var f=window.ks&&window.ks.miniProgram&&/micromessenger/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var l=window.tt&&window.tt.miniProgram&&/Lark|Feishu/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var _=window.jd&&window.jd.miniProgram&&/micromessenger/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&/miniProgram/i.test(navigator.userAgent);var E=window.xhs&&window.xhs.miniProgram&&/xhsminiapp/i.test(navigator.userAgent);for(var h,P=function(){window.UniAppJSBridge=!0,document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("UniAppJSBridgeReady",{bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))},b=[function(e){if(d||s)return window.__dcloud_weex_postMessage||window.__dcloud_weex_?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e):window.plus&&w.test(document.readyState)?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("plusready",e),a},function(e){if(m)return window.WeixinJSBridge&&window.WeixinJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("WeixinJSBridgeReady",e),window.wx.miniProgram},function(e){if(v)return window.QQJSBridge&&window.QQJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("QQJSBridgeReady",e),window.qq.miniProgram},function(e){if(u){document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e);var n=window.my;return{navigateTo:n.navigateTo,navigateBack:n.navigateBack,switchTab:n.switchTab,reLaunch:n.reLaunch,redirectTo:n.redirectTo,postMessage:n.postMessage,getEnv:n.getEnv}}},function(e){if(g)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),window.swan.webView},function(e){if(c)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),window.tt.miniProgram},function(e){if(p){window.QaJSBridge&&window.QaJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("QaJSBridgeReady",e);var n=window.qa;return{navigateTo:n.navigateTo,navigateBack:n.navigateBack,switchTab:n.switchTab,reLaunch:n.reLaunch,redirectTo:n.redirectTo,postMessage:n.postMessage,getEnv:n.getEnv}}},function(e){if(f)return window.WeixinJSBridge&&window.WeixinJSBridge.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("WeixinJSBridgeReady",e),window.ks.miniProgram},function(e){if(l)return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),window.tt.miniProgram},function(e){if(_)return window.JDJSBridgeReady&&window.JDJSBridgeReady.invoke?setTimeout(e,0):document.addEventListener("JDJSBridgeReady",e),window.jd.miniProgram},function(e){if(E)return window.xhs.miniProgram},function(e){return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e),a}],y=0;y<b.length&&!(h=b[y](P));y++);h||(h={});var B="undefined"!=typeof uni?uni:{};if(!B.navigateTo)for(var S in h)i(h,S)&&(B[S]=h[S]);return B.webView=h,B}));

nvue類型的webview

vue頁面和nvue頁面的區(qū)別，這里不做贅述，官方文檔寫的很清楚。

這個時候就可以使用官方文檔的postMessage方式來

app傳遞數(shù)據(jù)給h5

綁定一個ref，獲取webview實例

 <web-view ref="webview" :src="src" @onPostMessage="handlePostMessage"
      :style="{height:mbHeight,width:mbWidth,top:mbTop}" fullscreen="false"></web-view>

  this.$refs.webview.postMessage(data, '*')

或者

// 調(diào)用 webview 內(nèi)部邏輯
			evalJs: function() {
				this.$refs.webview.evalJs("document.body.style.background ='#00FF00'");
			}

然后h5使用window.addEventListener接收

h5傳遞數(shù)據(jù)給app

app接收消息：

<web-view ref="webview" class="webview" @onPostMessage="handlePostMessage"></web-view>

	handlePostMessage: function(data) {
				console.log("接收到消息：" + JSON.stringify(data.detail));
			},

注意事項

頁面空白

如果你是nvue頁面：

大概率是你沒指定寬高，不信你放入一個百度的url試試，如果還是空白，請你設(shè)置style指定寬高。

如果你是vue頁面，可能就是網(wǎng)頁本身就打不開

環(huán)境問題

這是一個非常頭疼的問題，我怎么知道這個web頁面是在app環(huán)境打開還是在h5打開的，為什么需要去區(qū)分環(huán)境問題，因為你可能有一個這樣的場景，你開發(fā)的app需要打開一個網(wǎng)頁，然后撐滿全屏，本質(zhì)還是用webview容器去打開的，h5不知道自己所處的環(huán)境是app端，那么就會帶來導(dǎo)航欄區(qū)域和底部安全區(qū)域怎么獲取和處理的問題。

你可以選擇從app端下手，前提是這個webview必須是nvue頁面，因為vue頁面默認(rèn)webview是撐滿全屏的，撐滿全屏，撐滿全屏。

如果你是vue頁面，那么你可以通知h5端當(dāng)前所處的環(huán)境，當(dāng)前的導(dǎo)航欄高度和安全區(qū)域高度，在h5端單獨去做樣式兼容

如果你是nvue頁面，除了上述方式，你還可以自己去指定webview的樣式。

我還是建議都使用第一種方案吧，筆者自己去設(shè)置webview的樣式發(fā)現(xiàn)在全屏階段還是有一些問題的，不如默認(rèn)撐滿全屏，在h5端去做調(diào)整，畢竟調(diào)整h5端端成本最小，上架之后的app還需要提審等一些列步驟。