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npm安裝時(shí)的錯(cuò)誤排查的方法

更新時(shí)間：2024年08月12日 11:19:56 作者：????????嗶嗶小子

在我們的日常工作中,使用npm來安裝依賴是非常常見的,然而,有時(shí)候安裝過程中會(huì)遇到各種各樣的報(bào)錯(cuò),本文主要介紹了npm安裝時(shí)的錯(cuò)誤排查的方法,感興趣的可以了解一下

1.npm安裝時(shí)遇到error，從error1 處查看最初的報(bào)錯(cuò)內(nèi)容比較準(zhǔn)

2.根據(jù)error的內(nèi)容查看是哪個(gè)依賴項(xiàng)引起的錯(cuò)，查閱package.json里對(duì)應(yīng)的依賴版本和當(dāng)前的node.js版本是否一致

3.缺少C++、python等環(huán)境，按照缺失項(xiàng)，安裝對(duì)應(yīng)的運(yùn)行環(huán)境

npm ERR! gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python2" in the PATH
npm ERR! gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python2

4.缺少微軟C++相關(guān)的開發(fā)庫(kù)

gyp ERR! build error gyp ERR! stack Error: `C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe` failed with exit code: 1

關(guān)鍵字是Visual Studio，需要下載相關(guān)依賴

5.某些依賴鏈接已經(jīng)失效404

如下面這個(gè)會(huì)提示鏈接超時(shí)，并且手動(dòng)打開對(duì)應(yīng)的鏈接也是404頁面

> node-sass@3.13.1 install D:\workspace\node_modules\node-sass
> node scripts/install.js

Downloading binary from https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-64_binding.node
Cannot download "https://github.com/sass/node-sass/releases/download/v3.13.1/win32-x64-64_binding.node":

connect ETIMEDOUT 20.205.243.166:443

Timed out whilst downloading the prebuilt binary

Hint: If github.com is not accessible in your location
try setting a proxy via HTTP_PROXY, e.g.

export HTTP_PROXY=http://example.com:1234

or configure npm proxy via

npm config set proxy http://example.com:8080

可以設(shè)置鏡像（淘寶的鏡像不一定好使）、單獨(dú)安裝失敗的依賴設(shè)置（鏈接必須得能訪問才行，老鏈接失效得多）

或者直接用命令安裝對(duì)應(yīng)的缺失版本：

這里是在github上找到了對(duì)應(yīng)原來缺失的sass 3.4.2版本庫(kù)文件

npm install git+https://github.com/sass/node-sass.git#v3.4.2 --save

6.某些依賴項(xiàng)可能是從github上以ssh拉取的，如果本地不配置github的ssh密鑰會(huì)一直timeout，配置完以后git可以拉取說明配置成功

checking installable status 就卡主，然后就timeout，看到了報(bào)錯(cuò)內(nèi)容里有關(guān)鍵字git和ssh。

npm WARN deprecated domexception@1.0.1: Use your platform's native DOMException instead [ ...............] \ fetchMetadata: sill resolveWithNewModule camelcase@4.1.0

手動(dòng)測(cè)試

D:\workspace\git-test>ssh -T git@github.com
ssh: connect to host github.com port 22: Connection timed out

D:\workspace\git-test>git clone ssh://git@github.com/sohee-lee7/Squire.git
Cloning into 'Squire'...
ssh: connect to host github.com port 22: Connection timed out
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.

D:\workspace\git-test>git clone ssh://git@github.com/sohee-lee7/Squire.git
Cloning into 'Squire'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 3598, done.
remote: Total 3598 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 3598
Receiving objects: 100% (3598/3598), 3.08 MiB | 1.59 MiB/s, done.

生成github密鑰，會(huì)在當(dāng)前~/ssh生成圖中文件，還需要手動(dòng)創(chuàng)建配置，讓git的ssh生效才行