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Spring boot 整合 Okhttp3 并封裝請(qǐng)求工具實(shí)例詳解

更新時(shí)間：2023年08月30日 14:19:45 作者：洛祁楓

OkHttp作為一款成熟、穩(wěn)定、易用的HTTP客戶端庫,擁有較高的性能和多樣化的功能,已被廣泛應(yīng)用于移動(dòng)應(yīng)用開發(fā)、Web服務(wù)端開發(fā)等領(lǐng)域,這篇文章主要介紹了Spring boot 整合 Okhttp3 并封裝請(qǐng)求工具,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、為什么要使用okHttp

OkHttp是一個(gè)高效、靈活、易于使用的HTTP客戶端庫，優(yōu)勢(shì)如下：

性能更高：OkHttp在網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求處理上采用了異步模型，并將連接池、壓縮、網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議等多種技術(shù)應(yīng)用到其中，從而提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求的效率和處理速度。
功能更強(qiáng)大：OkHttp支持HTTP/2協(xié)議，可以進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)流復(fù)用以及服務(wù)器推送。同時(shí)，OkHttp還支持GZIP壓縮、連接超時(shí)設(shè)置、緩存、重試等功能，提供了非常豐富的API接口，方便開發(fā)者進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展和個(gè)性化定制。
使用更簡(jiǎn)單：OkHttp具有良好的API設(shè)計(jì)，可以輕松地實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求的發(fā)送和響應(yīng)處理。其內(nèi)置了許多預(yù)定義的請(qǐng)求類型，如Get, Post, Head, Put, Delete等，使得開發(fā)者可以快速地進(jìn)行開發(fā)。
兼容性更好：OkHttp的代碼精簡(jiǎn)，運(yùn)行效率高，并且兼容Android平臺(tái)和Java平臺(tái)，可以在各種場(chǎng)景下進(jìn)行使用。

OkHttp作為一款成熟、穩(wěn)定、易用的HTTP客戶端庫，擁有較高的性能和多樣化的功能，已被廣泛應(yīng)用于移動(dòng)應(yīng)用開發(fā)、Web服務(wù)端開發(fā)等領(lǐng)域。

二、導(dǎo)入依賴

<!-- okhttp3 依賴 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
	<artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
	<version>4.9.3</version>
</dependency>

三、配置

使用okhttp3 是很簡(jiǎn)單的，但是需要配置連接池，緩存代理等
項(xiàng)目配置，application.yml 文件配置

ok:
  http:
    connect-timeout: 60
    read-timeout: 60
    write-timeout: 60
    # 連接池中整體的空閑連接的最大數(shù)量
    max-idle-connections: 200
    # 連接空閑時(shí)間最多為 300 秒
    keep-alive-duration: 300

3.添加配置應(yīng)用，連接池，緩存，代理等開啟

import okhttp3.ConnectionPool;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
 * @author luoqifeng
 */
@Configuration
public class OkHttpConfiguration {
    @Value("${ok.http.connect-timeout}")
    private Integer connectTimeout;
    @Value("${ok.http.read-timeout}")
    private Integer readTimeout;
    @Value("${ok.http.write-timeout}")
    private Integer writeTimeout;
    @Value("${ok.http.max-idle-connections}")
    private Integer maxIdleConnections;
    @Value("${ok.http.keep-alive-duration}")
    private Long keepAliveDuration;
    @Bean
    public OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
        return new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory(), x509TrustManager())
                // 是否開啟緩存
                .retryOnConnectionFailure(false)
                .connectionPool(pool())
                .connectTimeout(connectTimeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .readTimeout(readTimeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .writeTimeout(writeTimeout,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
                .hostnameVerifier((hostname, session) -> true)
                // 設(shè)置代理
                // .proxy(new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 8888)))
                // 攔截器
                // .addInterceptor()
                .build();
    }
    @Bean
    public X509TrustManager x509TrustManager() {
        return new X509TrustManager() {
            @Override
            public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                    throws CertificateException {
            }
            @Override
            public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
                    throws CertificateException {
            }
            @Override
            public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                return new X509Certificate[0];
            }
        };
    }
    @Bean
    public SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory() {
        try {
            // 信任任何鏈接
            SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{x509TrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
            return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyManagementException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
    @Bean
    public ConnectionPool pool() {
        return new ConnectionPool(maxIdleConnections, keepAliveDuration, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }
}

4.配置創(chuàng)建工具類

package cn.wjj.wjjUtils.util;
import jakarta.annotation.PostConstruct;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import okhttp3.*;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.exception.ExceptionUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Map;
/**
 * @author luoqifeng
 */
@Slf4j
@Component
public class OkHttpClientUtil {
    private static final MediaType JSON = MediaType.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8");
    private static final MediaType XML = MediaType.parse("application/xml; charset=utf-8");
    private static OkHttpClient okHttpClient;
    // 為使用靜態(tài)調(diào)用異步注入
    @Autowired
    private OkHttpClient getOkHttpClient;
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        okHttpClient = getOkHttpClient;
    }
    /**
     * get 請(qǐng)求
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, null, null);
    }
    public static byte[] doGetByte(String url) {
        return doGetByte(url, null, null);
    }
    public static String doPost(String url) {
        return doPost(url, null, null);
    }
    /**
     * get 請(qǐng)求
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param params 請(qǐng)求參數(shù) map
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGetToParams(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
        return doGet(url, params, null);
    }
    /**
     * get 請(qǐng)求
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param headers 請(qǐng)求頭字段 {k1, v1 k2, v2, ...}
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGetToHeaders(String url, Map<String, String> headers) {
        return doGet(url, null, headers);
    }
    /**
     * get 請(qǐng)求
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param params 請(qǐng)求參數(shù) map
     * @param headers 請(qǐng)求頭字段 {k1, v1 k2, v2, ...}
     * @return string
     * */
    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url);
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            boolean firstFlag = true;
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                if (firstFlag) {
                    sb.append("?").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                    firstFlag = false;
                } else {
                    sb.append("&").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                }
            }
        }
        Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                builder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = builder.url(sb.toString()).build();
        log.info("do get request and url[{}]", sb.toString());
        return executeBody(request);
    }
    public static byte[] doGetByte(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(url);
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            boolean firstFlag = true;
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                if (firstFlag) {
                    sb.append("?").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                    firstFlag = false;
                } else {
                    sb.append("&").append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
                }
            }
        }
        Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                builder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = builder.url(sb.toString()).build();
        log.info("do get request and url[{}]", sb.toString());
        return executeByte(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 請(qǐng)求
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param params 請(qǐng)求參數(shù) map
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
        FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                builder.add(key, params.get(key));
            }
        }
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(builder.build()).build();
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return execute(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 請(qǐng)求
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param params 請(qǐng)求參數(shù) map
     * @param headers 請(qǐng)求頭字段 {k1:v1, k2: v2, ...}
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) {
        FormBody.Builder builder = new FormBody.Builder();
        if (params != null && params.keySet().size() > 0) {
            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                builder.add(key, params.get(key));
            }
        }
        Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                requestBuilder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = requestBuilder.url(url).post(builder.build()).build();
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return execute(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 請(qǐng)求, 請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)為 json 的字符串
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param json  請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù), json 字符串
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return executePost(url, json, JSON);
    }
    /**
     * post 請(qǐng)求, 請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)為 json 的字符串
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param json  請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù), json 字符串
     * @param headers 請(qǐng)求頭字段 {k1, v1 k2, v2, ...}
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json, Map<String, String> headers) {
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(json, JSON);
        Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder();
        if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
            for (String header:headers.keySet()){
                builder.addHeader(header, headers.get(header));
            }
        }
        Request request = builder.url(url).post(requestBody).build();
        return execute(request);
    }
    /**
     * post 請(qǐng)求, 請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)為 xml 的字符串
     * @param url  請(qǐng)求url地址
     * @param xml  請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù), xml 字符串
     * @return string
     */
    public static String doPostXml(String url, String xml) {
        log.info("do post request and url[{}]", url);
        return executePost(url, xml, XML);
    }
    private static String executePost(String url, String data, MediaType contentType) {
        RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(data ,contentType);
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(requestBody).build();
        return execute(request);
    }
    private static String execute(Request request) {
        Response response = null;
        try {
            response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                return response.body().string();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
    private static String executeBody(Request request) {
        Response response = null;
        try {
            response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response.body() != null) {
                return response.body().string();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
    private static byte[] executeByte(Request request) {
        Response response = null;
        try {
            response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
            if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                return response.body().bytes();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e));
        } finally {
            if (response != null) {
                response.close();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

四、測(cè)試

/**
 * @author luoqifeng
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("test")
public class testController {
    @GetMapping("testOkhttp")
    public String testOkhttp(){
        String s = OkHttpClientUtil.doGet("https://www.baidu.com");
        return s;
    }
}

響應(yīng)結(jié)果：

在這里插入圖片描述

至此已經(jīng)完成基本的Spring Boot整合 okhttp3 的示例。并使用okhttp3來發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求，然后返回HTTP響應(yīng)。

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