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Spring Validation和Hibernate Validator結(jié)合國(guó)際化代碼實(shí)例

更新時(shí)間：2023年10月09日 09:45:48 作者：蠟筆小久

這篇文章主要介紹了Spring Validation和Hibernate Validator結(jié)合國(guó)際化代碼實(shí)例,我們需要對(duì)請(qǐng)求參數(shù)進(jìn)行非空、長(zhǎng)度、正確性進(jìn)行校驗(yàn), 本文主要講解Spring Validation 和 Hibernate Validator, 同時(shí)整合i18n(國(guó)際化)實(shí)現(xiàn)參數(shù)校驗(yàn)自動(dòng),需要的朋友可以參考下

一、Spring Validation是什么？

日常開(kāi)發(fā)中，我們需要對(duì)請(qǐng)求參數(shù)進(jìn)行非空、長(zhǎng)度、正確性進(jìn)行校驗(yàn), 如果不使用Spring Validation，那我們會(huì)在代碼中寫(xiě)很多的if來(lái)校驗(yàn), 這樣做也可以，但不優(yōu)雅, 為了優(yōu)雅的進(jìn)行入?yún)⑿ｒ?yàn), 此時(shí)我們就需要Spring Validation.

二、項(xiàng)目說(shuō)明

1.引入依賴(lài)

依賴(lài)如下：

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!--lombok插件-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<!--驗(yàn)證包-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
			<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.0.1.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<!--hibernate validator依賴(lài)-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
			<version>6.1.6.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.74</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
			<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
			<version>30.0-jre</version>
		</dependency>

2.代碼介紹

多語(yǔ)言和Spring Validation Bean初始化：

package com.zzb.valid.config;
import org.springframework.context.MessageSource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.MethodValidationPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
/**
 * @author create by zhouzongbo on 2020/10/27.
 */
@Configuration
public class MessageConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    /**
     * 初始化多語(yǔ)言
     * @return MessageSource
     */
    @Bean
    public MessageSource resourceBundleMessageSource() {
        ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
        messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        // 多語(yǔ)言文件地址.
        messageSource.addBasenames("i18n/valid");
        return messageSource;
    }
    /**
     * 本地校驗(yàn)工廠(chǎng)bean
     * @return LocalValidatorFactoryBean
     */
    @Bean
    public LocalValidatorFactoryBean localValidatorFactoryBean() {
        LocalValidatorFactoryBean bean = new LocalValidatorFactoryBean();
        // 設(shè)置消息源
        bean.setValidationMessageSource(resourceBundleMessageSource());
        return bean;
    }
    @Bean
    public MethodValidationPostProcessor validationPostProcessor() {
        MethodValidationPostProcessor processor = new MethodValidationPostProcessor();
        processor.setValidator(localValidatorFactoryBean().getValidator());
        return processor;
    }
    @Override
    public Validator getValidator() {
        return localValidatorFactoryBean();
    }
}

全局異常處理代碼片段： Spring Validation 如果在校驗(yàn)時(shí)出現(xiàn)了異常, 會(huì)拋出org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException, 因此這里對(duì)MethodArgumentNotValidException進(jìn)行攔截, 然后重新組裝返回信息.

@ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
    public ResultEntity<?> test(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
        String errorMessage = buildErrorMessage(ex.getBindingResult());
        return ResultEntity.failure(errorMessage);
    }

重新組裝異常信息

private String buildErrorMessage(BindingResult result) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (FieldError error : result.getFieldErrors()) {
            final String defaultMessage = error.getDefaultMessage();
            if (hasDefaultMessage(error)) {
                builder.append(defaultMessage).append("\n");
            } else {
                // 提取錯(cuò)誤屬性值. 比如@Range 那么錯(cuò)誤屬性值包含min 和max
                final Object[] arguments = error.getArguments();
                Object[] args;
                if (arguments == null || 1 == arguments.length) {
                    args = new Object[0];
                } else {
                    args = new Object[arguments.length - 1];
                    System.arraycopy(arguments, 1, args, 0, args.length);
                }
                // 獲取錯(cuò)誤信息.
                final String code = I18nUtil.getMessage(error.getCode(), args);
                final String field = I18nUtil.getMessage(error.getField(), "", args);
                if (StringUtils.isEmpty(field)) {
                    builder.append("[").append(error.getField()).append("]: ");
                } else {
                    builder.append(field);
                }
                builder.append(StringUtils.isEmpty(code) ? defaultMessage : code).append("\n");
            }
        }
        for (ObjectError globalError : result.getGlobalErrors()) {
            builder.append(globalError.getDefaultMessage()).append("\n");
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }

3.自定義約束注解

用戶(hù)名長(zhǎng)度校驗(yàn)注解：

@Target(value = { ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD })
@Retention(value = RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Repeatable(UsernameLength.List.class)
@Constraint(validatedBy = UsernameLengthValidator.class) //
public @interface UsernameLength {
    String message() default "{com.zzb.valid.util.validator.UsernameLength}";
    Class<?>[] groups() default {};
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
    /**
     * 允許添加多個(gè)重復(fù)注解.
     */
    @Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD})
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @interface List {
        UsernameLength[] value();
    }
}

用戶(hù)名長(zhǎng)度校驗(yàn)Validator：這里需要實(shí)現(xiàn)javax.validation.ConstraintValidator用于定義具體的校驗(yàn)規(guī)則，這里只校驗(yàn)了字符串的長(zhǎng)度.

public class UsernameLengthValidator implements ConstraintValidator<UsernameLength, String> {
    public static final int MAX_LENGTH = 20;
    public static final int MIN_LENGTH = 1;
    @Override
    public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
        return !StringUtils.isEmpty(value) && value.length() >= MIN_LENGTH && value.length() <= MAX_LENGTH;
    }
}

4.測(cè)試用例

從valid.properties中讀取異常提示信息，從而適配多語(yǔ)言.

在這里插入圖片描述

4.1中文環(huán)境異常提示信息

在這里插入圖片描述

4.2 英文環(huán)境異常提示信息.

此處與中文唯一不同的地方是把Accept-Language 設(shè)置為英文環(huán)境.

在這里插入圖片描述

5.調(diào)用鏈

org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod#getMethodArgumentValues
org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite#resolveArgument
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor#resolveArgument
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver#validateIfApplicable
org.springframework.validation.DataBinder#validate(java.lang.Object...)
org.springframework.validation.DataBinder#getInternalBindingResult
org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean # 使用個(gè)factoryBean進(jìn)行校驗(yàn).
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidatorAdapter#validate(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.Errors)
org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.SpringValidatorAdapter#validate(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.validation.Errors)
org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.SpringValidatorAdapter#determineField

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