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通過(guò)Java實(shí)現(xiàn)RSA加密與驗(yàn)證的方法詳解

更新時(shí)間：2023年12月01日 11:16:15 作者：共飲一杯無(wú)

RSA是一種非對(duì)稱加密算法,是目前廣泛應(yīng)用于加密和數(shù)字簽名領(lǐng)域的一種加密算法,本文主要講述如何通過(guò)Java實(shí)現(xiàn)RSA加密與驗(yàn)證,應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景為與其他平臺(tái)對(duì)接接口時(shí),通過(guò)RSA加密和解密驗(yàn)證請(qǐng)求的有效性,在對(duì)接時(shí)雙方互換公鑰,需要的朋友可以參考下

RSA（Rivest–Shamir–Adleman）是一種非對(duì)稱加密算法，由Ron Rivest、Adi Shamir和Leonard Adleman于1977年提出，是目前廣泛應(yīng)用于加密和數(shù)字簽名領(lǐng)域的一種加密算法。RSA的工作原理基于兩個(gè)密鑰：公鑰和私鑰，分別用于加密和解密數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)字簽名和驗(yàn)證。
以下是RSA的主要特點(diǎn)和一些常見(jiàn)的使用場(chǎng)景：

非對(duì)稱加密： RSA是一種非對(duì)稱加密算法，意味著它使用不同的密鑰進(jìn)行加密和解密。公鑰用于加密數(shù)據(jù)，只有擁有相應(yīng)私鑰的用戶才能解密它。這種非對(duì)稱性使得RSA在安全通信中非常有用，因?yàn)?code>公鑰可以公開(kāi)分享，而私鑰必須保密。
數(shù)字簽名和驗(yàn)證： RSA還可以用于數(shù)字簽名和驗(yàn)證。發(fā)送方可以使用其私鑰對(duì)消息進(jìn)行簽名，接收方可以使用發(fā)送方的公鑰來(lái)驗(yàn)證簽名。這確保了消息的完整性和來(lái)源認(rèn)證。數(shù)字簽名在網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全、電子郵件認(rèn)證和電子商務(wù)中廣泛使用。
密鑰交換： RSA可用于安全地交換對(duì)稱密鑰。在兩個(gè)通信方之間建立安全連接時(shí)，可以使用RSA加密傳輸對(duì)稱密鑰，然后使用該對(duì)稱密鑰進(jìn)行快速的數(shù)據(jù)加密和解密。這提高了性能并確保了密鑰的安全交換。
安全通信： RSA可用于保護(hù)通信的機(jī)密性和完整性。通信雙方可以使用對(duì)方的公鑰來(lái)加密數(shù)據(jù)，以確保只有持有私鑰的一方能夠解密它。這在保護(hù)敏感信息傳輸時(shí)非常重要，例如，網(wǎng)上銀行、電子商務(wù)和VPN連接。
數(shù)字證書(shū)： RSA也與數(shù)字證書(shū)一起使用，以驗(yàn)證網(wǎng)站的身份和安全性。數(shù)字證書(shū)中包含了網(wǎng)站的公鑰，通過(guò)驗(yàn)證證書(shū)的簽名，用戶可以確保他們正在與合法的網(wǎng)站通信，而不是受到中間人攻擊。
安全存儲(chǔ)： RSA可以用于加密敏感數(shù)據(jù)，然后將其存儲(chǔ)在不安全的環(huán)境中，只有持有私鑰的用戶才能解密和訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)。這對(duì)于存儲(chǔ)密碼、加密錢(qián)包和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)等敏感數(shù)據(jù)非常有用。

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，RSA是一種強(qiáng)大且多用途的加密算法，廣泛應(yīng)用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信、數(shù)據(jù)安全、數(shù)字簽名、身份驗(yàn)證和加密存儲(chǔ)等領(lǐng)域。然而，需要注意的是，RSA的性能較低，特別是對(duì)于長(zhǎng)消息，因此在某些情況下，可能需要與對(duì)稱加密算法結(jié)合使用，以提高性能。

本文主要講述如何通過(guò)Java實(shí)現(xiàn)RSA加密與驗(yàn)證，應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景為與其他平臺(tái)對(duì)接接口時(shí)，通過(guò)RSA加密和解密驗(yàn)證請(qǐng)求的有效性，在對(duì)接時(shí)雙方互換公鑰。

生成公私鑰

要實(shí)現(xiàn)加密和驗(yàn)證，首先你需要生成一對(duì)RSA密鑰對(duì)，包括公鑰和私鑰。你可以使用Java的KeyPairGenerator類來(lái)生成密鑰對(duì)。實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼如下：

package com.zjq.dailyrecord.security;

import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.util.Base64;

/**
 * RSA公私鑰生成
 * @author 共飲一杯無(wú)
 */
public class GenerateRSAKeys {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)RSA密鑰對(duì)生成器
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        // 設(shè)置密鑰長(zhǎng)度，通常為2048位
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048);

        // 生成RSA密鑰對(duì)
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();

        System.out.println("公鑰: " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(publicKey.getEncoded()));
        System.out.println("私鑰: " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(privateKey.getEncoded()));
    }
}

基礎(chǔ)的公鑰加密私鑰解密

具體代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：

package com.zjq.dailyrecord.security;

import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**
 * RSA加密和解密
 * @author 共飲一杯無(wú)
 */
public class RSAEncryptionDecryption {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String originalText = "Hello, RSA encryption and decryption!";
        
        // 將公鑰和私鑰的Base64編碼字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為PublicKey和PrivateKey對(duì)象
        String publicKeyBase64 = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAhRJqXuMDyyc4b3+LrsZqwh+sZtV3n2pwjkWZ+SIkfW3GlrVPEQmGDbCB2xJ3coSc/IQ5ukkdh1ArTzf69kmn3zNZT34ZJgYjLNnvi9I2dBRZkARV2ERFhPYZsUt8WecSGt29SK22NsctMkSroRmsLRMUArmZ2r3knMrhy54PLvoeXwvDdpXC19EsioK5I7Huh29G+c3Bi8IWySR4/U2kpH+8CU2iZGiChwIZ6qqJgvaVbUuSdksHFnrVbl1LjqGKlb+Vos16UnluPlW4PGJMCfRYZcPqLSm728qT+jQFIUK17yAeznIvx5nccg6ke1GgnwhqeDicPuKnj4FKFm33/wIDAQAB";
        String privateKeyBase64 = "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";
        
        PublicKey publicKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
                .generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKeyBase64)));
        PrivateKey privateKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
                .generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKeyBase64)));

        // 使用公鑰加密數(shù)據(jù)
        Cipher encryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        encryptCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] encryptedBytes = encryptCipher.doFinal(originalText.getBytes());

        // 使用私鑰解密數(shù)據(jù)
        Cipher decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] decryptedBytes = decryptCipher.doFinal(encryptedBytes);

        String decryptedText = new String(decryptedBytes);
        System.out.println("加密后的數(shù)據(jù): " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedBytes));
        System.out.println("解密后的數(shù)據(jù): " + decryptedText);
    }
}

執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下：

自定義密鑰加密及校驗(yàn)

通過(guò)對(duì)接雙方各自生成對(duì)應(yīng)的公私鑰，然后交換公鑰和jwt用戶key的形式實(shí)現(xiàn)加密和驗(yàn)證。
需要引入如下坐標(biāo)依賴：

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
      <artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.3</version>
    </dependency>

具體代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：

加密

    /**
     * 加密
     * @param dataJson
     * @param priKey
     * @param pubKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String encodeJwtToken(String dataJson, String priKey, String pubKey) {
        try {
            RSAPublicKey publicKey = defaultRSAPublicKey(pubKey);
            RSAPrivateKey privateKey = defaultRSAPrivateKey(priKey);
            //加密
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.RSA256(publicKey, privateKey);
            String token = JWT.create()
                    .withIssuer(RSAKeyUtil.USER_KEY)
                    //.withExpiresAt(expiresAt)
                    .withClaim("data", dataJson)
                    .sign(algorithm);
            return token;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }


    public static RSAPublicKey defaultRSAPublicKey(String pubKey) throws Exception {
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = getRSAPublicKey(pubKey);
        return publicKey;
    }

    public static RSAPrivateKey defaultRSAPrivateKey(String priKey) throws Exception {
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = getRSAPrivateKey(priKey);
        return privateKey;
    }

    public static RSAPublicKey getRSAPublicKey(String publicKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] publicBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        return pubKey;
    }

    public static RSAPrivateKey getRSAPrivateKey(String privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] clear = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(clear);
        KeyFactory fact = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) fact.generatePrivate(keySpec);
        Arrays.fill(clear, (byte) 0);
        return priKey;
    }

    /**
     * 解碼返回byte
     * @param key
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws Exception {
        return (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);
    }

校驗(yàn)

    /**
     * 驗(yàn)簽校驗(yàn)
     * @param jwtToken
     * @param priKey
     * @param pubKey
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Boolean verify(String jwtToken, String priKey, String pubKey) throws Exception {
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = RSAKeyUtil.defaultRSAPublicKey(pubKey);
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = RSAKeyUtil.defaultRSAPrivateKey(priKey);
        //加密
        Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.RSA256(publicKey, privateKey);
        //解密
        JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
                .withIssuer(RSAKeyUtil.USER_KEY)
                .build();
        DecodedJWT jwt = null;
        try{
            jwt = verifier.verify(jwtToken);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return !StringUtils.isEmpty(jwt);
    }

測(cè)試驗(yàn)證

測(cè)試驗(yàn)證代碼如下：

package com.zjq.dailyrecord.security;

import com.auth0.jwt.JWT;
import com.auth0.jwt.algorithms.Algorithm;
import com.auth0.jwt.interfaces.Claim;
import com.auth0.jwt.interfaces.DecodedJWT;
import com.auth0.jwt.interfaces.JWTVerifier;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Arrays;


/**
 * 商戶公司驗(yàn)簽加解密工具類
 * @author 共飲一杯無(wú)
 */
public class RSAKeyUtil {
    public final static String USER_KEY = "gongyinyibeiwu";

    /**
     * 驗(yàn)簽校驗(yàn)
     * @param jwtToken
     * @param priKey
     * @param pubKey
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Boolean verify(String jwtToken, String priKey, String pubKey) throws Exception {
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = RSAKeyUtil.defaultRSAPublicKey(pubKey);
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = RSAKeyUtil.defaultRSAPrivateKey(priKey);
        //加密
        Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.RSA256(publicKey, privateKey);
        //解密
        JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
                .withIssuer(RSAKeyUtil.USER_KEY)
                .build();
        DecodedJWT jwt = null;
        try{
            jwt = verifier.verify(jwtToken);
            Claim subjectClaim  = verifier.verify(jwtToken).getClaim("data");
            String result = subjectClaim.asString();
            System.out.println("解密結(jié)果："+result);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        return !StringUtils.isEmpty(jwt);
    }

    /**
     * 加密
     * @param dataJson
     * @param priKey
     * @param pubKey
     * @return
     */
    public static String encodeJwtToken(String dataJson, String priKey, String pubKey) {
        try {
            RSAPublicKey publicKey = defaultRSAPublicKey(pubKey);
            RSAPrivateKey privateKey = defaultRSAPrivateKey(priKey);
            //加密
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.RSA256(publicKey, privateKey);
            String token = JWT.create()
                    .withIssuer(RSAKeyUtil.USER_KEY)
                    //.withExpiresAt(expiresAt)
                    .withClaim("data", dataJson)
                    .sign(algorithm);
            return token;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }


    public static RSAPublicKey defaultRSAPublicKey(String pubKey) throws Exception {
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = getRSAPublicKey(pubKey);
        return publicKey;
    }

    public static RSAPrivateKey defaultRSAPrivateKey(String priKey) throws Exception {
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = getRSAPrivateKey(priKey);
        return privateKey;
    }

    public static RSAPublicKey getRSAPublicKey(String publicKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] publicBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        RSAPublicKey pubKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        return pubKey;
    }

    public static RSAPrivateKey getRSAPrivateKey(String privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] clear = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(clear);
        KeyFactory fact = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        RSAPrivateKey priKey = (RSAPrivateKey) fact.generatePrivate(keySpec);
        Arrays.fill(clear, (byte) 0);
        return priKey;
    }

    /**
     * 解碼返回byte
     * @param key
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws Exception {
        return (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        當(dāng)前平臺(tái)的公鑰
        String ownPubKey = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAgBu0tGxKBDDUzEW498JYS5ibAtCTxXcw7fEALMek3D6mfbV9JOe10+Ukf9CSRYd4FEhjaq63Vy57mVs/Bmse9RQcv2AxyCBThwKJELA8kH2B8ulYkwlthEyz5/HJ49eLKljak9+b5Ya6uHTo3d5xIhXLc20IzW1O4QsxJVkmkTYS0jruFx3YrZdiiluawCYdmAUQ34JONS4cgsMrjwF8sRNsZ6Vu0trCttY94i2NYWJU1X0XCMWcYoTKLCenMa4XMoP+cgI1Q+6Ni4zZbCLMkwxo7rr+LBD6jpzrfi9/p15PdnzGFvOr+ZCQbKwemex+GuR86Xq/+ZozHK9YIjrcvQIDAQAB";
//        當(dāng)前平臺(tái)的私鑰
        String ownPriKey = "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";

//        對(duì)接平臺(tái)公鑰
        String otherPubKey = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4A6SXgt/nNh76Hn85pZxvh2mRv2y4VWfrwM8lFv7urzJ3xt5FocujjEoQT3Q5jeByxiZaOmPk6mfpTTCsel5vGZqLtM8mrNKoPrXiKuq0U0sWUpXdlRLaFV+SMujTsuYl76get9kLVjwXRu4qlhtZlLlWcLpNu6wEu1JwY8Kl9BDP46X0J+IoL+f9iB0i8PAw71n6NJmGk4bvYAjwnMd9zMPdY+s9hfbv2OILdGkSAcaZGoan03HK8u5JBikMZOvhXHkNkgBtRX8ATqCbYK4fTAC70RdOwqbyOhcW/qie18KnfZJsINb7cPfN406wIK6rMapCx7RJ7eu7Ey0Hm8GGQIDAQAB";
//        對(duì)接平臺(tái)私鑰
        String otherPriKey = "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";

        String jsonStr = "{\n" +
                "    \"name\":\"共飲一杯無(wú)\"\n" +
                "}";

//        1.先加密
        String jwtToken = RSAKeyUtil.encodeJwtToken(jsonStr,ownPriKey,otherPubKey);
        System.out.println(jwtToken);

        try {
//            2.解密
            Boolean verify =  RSAKeyUtil.verify("eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1xuICAgIFwibmFtZVwiOlwi5YWx6aWu5LiA5p2v5pegXCJcbn0iLCJpc3MiOiJnb25neWlueWliZWl3dSJ9.BGat7UWtc75ZyTMoySrtBOLyED9iNBOJOvw198_yg6ZbjCuitFIvl4p7qs9v2oo3BoAPWH8gKLQsLLhsUQ6p9thcCimB0ClTJkxQlxd_2I8J-fli2Jmc09I53mIptNOtfB_zDn5UuXyVtB5-aD_mUs9xLXkEb8DJbMl4__LHDQyr1v3ixh0rq_e5LaY0ZOfSq2l06MaSAssdKQRvN_H0snO0KJkodcPktfRr4hOXI_ZvcbZHgiuv6JUpbp6x7T9BWMvixD7TTd-lqqm2OsqGOCtWJ4URSJmjYdLDswHY89jNzfVHrQ6exuUIeranWJoRf2-smE8KpLAN8kxs1o1Rpg"
                    ,otherPriKey,ownPubKey);
            System.out.println(verify);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


}

如果用戶key不對(duì)會(huì)報(bào)如下錯(cuò)誤：

在這里插入圖片描述

如果公私鑰不匹配會(huì)報(bào)如下錯(cuò)誤：

在這里插入圖片描述

兩種結(jié)果都說(shuō)明解密失敗。

正常執(zhí)行返回結(jié)果：

在這里插入圖片描述

使用RSA進(jìn)行數(shù)字簽名和驗(yàn)證

實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯為使用私鑰對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行簽名，然后使用公鑰進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。具體代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：

import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

/**
 * RSA數(shù)字簽名實(shí)現(xiàn)
 * @author 共飲一杯無(wú)
 */
public class RSASignatureVerification {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String data = "待簽署及核實(shí)的資料。";

        // 將公鑰和私鑰的Base64編碼字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為PublicKey和PrivateKey對(duì)象
        String publicKeyBase64 = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAhRJqXuMDyyc4b3+LrsZqwh+sZtV3n2pwjkWZ+SIkfW3GlrVPEQmGDbCB2xJ3coSc/IQ5ukkdh1ArTzf69kmn3zNZT34ZJgYjLNnvi9I2dBRZkARV2ERFhPYZsUt8WecSGt29SK22NsctMkSroRmsLRMUArmZ2r3knMrhy54PLvoeXwvDdpXC19EsioK5I7Huh29G+c3Bi8IWySR4/U2kpH+8CU2iZGiChwIZ6qqJgvaVbUuSdksHFnrVbl1LjqGKlb+Vos16UnluPlW4PGJMCfRYZcPqLSm728qT+jQFIUK17yAeznIvx5nccg6ke1GgnwhqeDicPuKnj4FKFm33/wIDAQAB";
        String privateKeyBase64 = "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";

        PublicKey publicKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
                .generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(publicKeyBase64)));
        PrivateKey privateKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA")
                .generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKeyBase64)));

        // 使用私鑰進(jìn)行數(shù)字簽名
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA256withRSA");
        signature.initSign(privateKey);
        signature.update(data.getBytes());
        byte[] signatureBytes = signature.sign();

        System.out.println("數(shù)字簽名: " + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(signatureBytes));

        // 使用公鑰進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證
        signature.initVerify(publicKey);
        signature.update(data.getBytes());
        boolean verified = signature.verify(signatureBytes);

        if (verified) {
            System.out.println("數(shù)字簽名驗(yàn)證成功！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("數(shù)字簽名驗(yàn)證失?。?);
        }
    }
}

結(jié)果輸出如下：

在這里插入圖片描述