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使用C#實現(xiàn)將CSV文件內(nèi)容裝配成對象列表

更新時間：2023年12月03日 08:50:26 作者：rjcql

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了如何使用C#實現(xiàn)將CSV文件內(nèi)容裝配成對象列表,文中的示例代碼講解詳細,感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下

寫在前面

CSV文件采用純文本的存儲形式，字段間以分隔符進行區(qū)分，行之間以換行符進行切換，既可以用文本編輯器打開也可以用Excel編輯，可讀性非常好，在游戲開發(fā)領(lǐng)域經(jīng)常將其作為數(shù)值配置文件使用。文本編輯器推薦EmEditor，輕巧而不失強大，策劃們用的愛不釋手。程序?qū)⑴渲梅葱蛄谢?，裝箱成對象列表，就可以隨意訪問和操作了。

代碼實現(xiàn)過程可以直接File.ReadAllLine，然后再逐行按分隔符分割，也可以使用專門的類庫來操作；本文直接用現(xiàn)成的輪子LumenWorks.Framework.IO類庫，通過NuGet獲取并安裝。

代碼實現(xiàn)

    public static class CsvHelper
    {
 
        public static List<T> GetDataList<T>(string csvFilePath) where T : class
        {
            var list = new List<T>();
            if (!File.Exists(csvFilePath))
            {
                return list;
            }
 
            var csvType = typeof(T);
            var content = File.ReadAllBytes(csvFilePath);
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream(content))
            using (var sr = new StreamReader(ms, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"), true))
            using (var tr = sr as TextReader)
            {
                var cr = new CsvReader(tr, true);
                var props = csvType.GetProperties();
                var heads = cr.GetFieldHeaders();
                while (cr.ReadNextRecord())
                {
                    try
                    {
                        object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(csvType);
                        foreach (var prop in props)
                        {
                            if (!heads.Contains(prop.Name))
                                continue;
 
                            string value = cr[prop.Name];
                            prop.SetValue(obj, GetDefaultValue(prop, value), null);
                        }
                        list.Add(obj as T);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        // log here
                        continue;
                    }
                }
            }
            return list;
        }
 
        private static object GetDefaultValue(PropertyInfo prop, string value)
        {
            switch (prop.PropertyType.Name)
            {
                case "String":
                    return value.ToNormalString();
                case "Int32":
                    return value.ToInt32();
                case "Decimal":
                    return value.ToDecimal();
                case "Single":
                    return value.ToFloat();
                case "Boolean":
                    return value.ToBoolean();
                case "DateTime":
                    return value.ToDateTime();
                case "Double":
                    return value.ToDouble();
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }
 
        #region 類型轉(zhuǎn)換方法
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 對象類型轉(zhuǎn)換為Int32
        /// </summary>
        public static int ToInt32(this object obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
                return 0;
            try
            {
                Type type = obj.GetType();
                if (type == typeof(double) ||
                    type == typeof(float) ||
                    type == typeof(decimal))
                    return (int)obj;
 
                int tmp;
                if (int.TryParse(obj.ToString(), out tmp))
                    return tmp;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
 
            return 0;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// String to int.
        /// </summary>
        public static int ToInt32(this string obj)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(obj))
                return 0;
            try
            {
                if (obj.Contains("."))
                    return (int)Convert.ToSingle(obj);
                int tmp;
                if (int.TryParse(obj, out tmp))
                    return tmp;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
 
            return 0;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// Double To Int
        /// </summary>
        public static int ToInt32(this double value)
        {
            try
            {
                return (int)value;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// Float To Int
        /// </summary>
        public static int ToInt32(this float value)
        {
            try
            {
                return (int)value;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 對象類型轉(zhuǎn)換為Int32
        /// </summary>
        public static long ToInt64(this object obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
                return 0;
            try
            {
                long tmp;
                if (long.TryParse(obj.ToString(), out tmp))
                    return tmp;
            }
            catch
            {
                return 0;
            }
 
            return 0;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串
        /// </summary>
        public static string ToNormalString(this object obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
                return string.Empty;
            try
            {
                return Convert.ToString(obj);
            }
            catch
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為日期
        /// </summary>
        public static DateTime ToDateTime(this object obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return Convert.ToDateTime("1970-01-01 00:00:00");
            }
            try
            {
                return Convert.ToDateTime(obj.ToString());
            }
            catch
            {
                return Convert.ToDateTime("1970-01-01 00:00:00");
            }
 
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為布爾型
        /// </summary>
        public static bool ToBoolean(this object obj)
        {
            if (obj != null)
            {
                string type = obj.GetType().Name;
                switch (type)
                {
                    case "String":
                        return (obj.ToString().ToLower() == "true" || obj.ToString() == "1");
                    case "Int32":
                        return ((int)obj) == 1;
                    case "Boolean":
                        return (bool)obj;
                    default:
                        return false;
                }
            }
 
            return false;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為十進制數(shù)值
        /// </summary>
        public static Decimal ToDecimal(this object obj)
        {
            decimal result = 0M;
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return 0M;
            }
            switch (obj.GetType().Name)
            {
                case "Int32":
                    return decimal.Parse(obj.ToString());
 
                case "Int64":
                    return decimal.Parse(obj.ToString());
 
                case "Boolean":
                    if ((bool)obj)
                    {
                        return 1M;
                    }
                    return 0M;
            }
            var resultString = Regex.Replace(obj.ToString(), "[^0-9.]", "");
            result = resultString.Length == 0 ? 0M : decimal.Parse(resultString);
            if (obj.ToString().StartsWith("-"))
            {
                result *= -1M;
            }
            return result;
 
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為雙精度.
        /// </summary>
        public static double ToDouble(this object obj)
        {
            double d;
            if (double.TryParse(Convert.ToString(obj), out d))
                return d;
            else
                return 0;
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 轉(zhuǎn)換為單精度.
        /// </summary>
        public static float ToFloat(this object value)
        {
            var v = value.ToNormalString();
            if (v == "")
            {
                return 0;
            }
            else
            {
                float result;
                if (float.TryParse(v, out result))
                {
                    return result;
                }
                else
                {
                    return 0;
                }
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 時間轉(zhuǎn)換.
        /// </summary>
        public static DateTime ToDateTimeOrCurrent(this object obj)
        {
            DateTime dt;
            if (DateTime.TryParse(Convert.ToString(obj), out dt))
                return dt;
            else
                return DateTime.Now;
        }
         
        #endregion
    }

示例 CSV 文件內(nèi)容：

Name,Age,IsMale,Birthday
Lee,28,TRUE,1996/1/1
Jane,29,FALSE,1997/11/1

示例 CSV 文件對應(yīng)的反序列化目標類：

    public class TestConfig
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
 
        public int Age { get; set; }
 
        public bool IsMale { get; set; }
 
        public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
    }

調(diào)用示例

    var csvFilePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "TestConfigs.csv");
    var list = CsvHelper.GetDataList<TestConfig>(csvFilePath);
    foreach (var item in list)
    {
        var name = item.Name;
        var age = item.Age;
        var isMale = item.IsMale;
        var birthday = item.Birthday;
        var sex = isMale ? "male" : "female";
        Console.WriteLine($"{name} is {sex}");
    }

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：