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Spring在多線程下保持事務(wù)的一致性的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)

 更新時(shí)間：2024年01月30日 11:44:07   作者：242030  
當(dāng)Spring在多線程環(huán)境下運(yùn)行時(shí),確保事務(wù)一致性是非常重要的,本文主要介紹了Spring在多線程下保持事務(wù)的一致性的方法實(shí)現(xiàn),文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì),需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧

方法：每個(gè)線程都開(kāi)啟各自的事務(wù)去執(zhí)行相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)，等待所有線程的業(yè)務(wù)執(zhí)行完成，統(tǒng)一提交或回滾。

下面我們通過(guò)具體的案例來(lái)演示Spring如何在多線程下保持事務(wù)的一致性。

1、項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)

在這里插入圖片描述

2、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)SQL

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

3、pom依賴

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Transaction</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Transaction</name>
    <description>Transaction</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4、配置文件

spring.datasource.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

5、實(shí)體類

package com.example.transaction.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
public class Student implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Student(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

6、Mapper

package com.example.transaction.mapper;

import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
@Component
public interface StudentMapper {

    /**
     * 插入student
     * @param student
     */
    @Insert("insert into student(name) VALUES(#{name})")
    void insert(Student student);
}

7、數(shù)據(jù)源配置

package com.example.transaction.config;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.transaction.mapper")
public class DataSourceConfig {

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource getDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSourceTransactionManager getTransactionManager(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

}

8、測(cè)試

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class TransactionApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        studentMapper.insert(new Student("John"));
    }

}

我們先進(jìn)行測(cè)試，看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是否可以正常插入，執(zhí)行完的結(jié)果：

idname
1John

9、線程池

package com.example.transaction.config;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
public class ExecutorConfig {

    private final static int MAX_POOL_SIZE = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
    private final static int QUEUE_SIZE = 500;
    private volatile static ExecutorService executorService;

    public static ExecutorService getThreadPool() {
        if (executorService == null) {
            synchronized (ExecutorConfig.class) {
                if (executorService == null) {
                    executorService = newThreadPool();
                }
            }
        }
        return executorService;
    }

    private static ExecutorService newThreadPool() {
        int corePool = Math.min(5, MAX_POOL_SIZE);
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(corePool, MAX_POOL_SIZE, 10000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(QUEUE_SIZE), new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
    }

    private ExecutorConfig() {
    }
}

10、多線程事務(wù)管理

package com.example.transaction.service;

import com.example.transaction.config.ExecutorConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
@Service
public class MultiThreadingTransactionManager {

    /**
     * 數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù)管理器
     */
    private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;

    @Autowired
    public void setUserService(DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager) {
        this.dataSourceTransactionManager = dataSourceTransactionManager;
    }

    /**
     * 用于判斷子線程業(yè)務(wù)是否處理完成
     * 處理完成時(shí)threadCountDownLatch的值為0
     */
    private CountDownLatch threadCountDownLatch;

    /**
     * 用于等待子線程全部完成后,子線程統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行提交和回滾
     * 進(jìn)行提交和回滾時(shí)mainCountDownLatch的值為0
     */
    private final CountDownLatch mainCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    /**
     * 是否提交事務(wù),默認(rèn)是true,當(dāng)子線程有異常發(fā)生時(shí),設(shè)置為false,回滾事務(wù)
     */
    private final AtomicBoolean isSubmit = new AtomicBoolean(true);

    public boolean execute(List<Runnable> runnableList) {
        // 超時(shí)時(shí)間
        long timeout = 30;
        setThreadCountDownLatch(runnableList.size());
        ExecutorService executorService = ExecutorConfig.getThreadPool();
        runnableList.forEach(runnable -> executorService.execute(() -> executeThread(runnable, threadCountDownLatch, mainCountDownLatch, isSubmit)));
        // 等待子線程全部執(zhí)行完畢
        try {
            // 若計(jì)數(shù)器變?yōu)榱懔?則返回 true
            boolean isFinish = threadCountDownLatch.await(timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            if (!isFinish) {
                // 如果還有為執(zhí)行完成的就回滾
                isSubmit.set(false);
                System.out.println("存在子線程在預(yù)期時(shí)間內(nèi)未執(zhí)行完畢,任務(wù)將全部回滾");
            }
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("主線程發(fā)生異常,異常為: " + exception.getMessage());
        } finally {
            // 計(jì)數(shù)器減1,代表該主線程執(zhí)行完畢
            mainCountDownLatch.countDown();
        }
        // 返回結(jié)果,是否執(zhí)行成功,事務(wù)提交即為執(zhí)行成功,事務(wù)回滾即為執(zhí)行失敗
        return isSubmit.get();
    }

    private void executeThread(Runnable runnable, CountDownLatch threadCountDownLatch, CountDownLatch mainCountDownLatch, AtomicBoolean isSubmit) {
        System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]");
        // 判斷別的子線程是否已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,錯(cuò)誤別的線程已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,那么所有的都要回滾,這個(gè)子線程就沒(méi)有必要執(zhí)行了
        if (!isSubmit.get()) {
            System.out.println("整個(gè)事務(wù)中有子線程執(zhí)行失敗需要回滾, 子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 終止執(zhí)行");
            // 計(jì)數(shù)器減1,代表該子線程執(zhí)行完畢
            threadCountDownLatch.countDown();
            return;
        }
        // 開(kāi)啟事務(wù)
        DefaultTransactionDefinition defaultTransactionDefinition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
        TransactionStatus transactionStatus = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(defaultTransactionDefinition);
        try {
            // 執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
            runnable.run();
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            // 發(fā)生異常需要進(jìn)行回滾,設(shè)置isSubmit為false
            isSubmit.set(false);
            System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)生異常,異常為: " + exception.getMessage());
        } finally {
            // 計(jì)數(shù)器減1,代表該子線程執(zhí)行完畢
            threadCountDownLatch.countDown();
        }
        try {
            // 等待主線程執(zhí)行
            mainCountDownLatch.await();
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]等待提交或回滾異常,異常為: " + exception.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            // 提交
            if (isSubmit.get()) {
                dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transactionStatus);
                System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]進(jìn)行事務(wù)提交");
            } else {
                dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transactionStatus);
                System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]進(jìn)行事務(wù)回滾");
            }
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]進(jìn)行事務(wù)提交或回滾出現(xiàn)異常,異常為:" + exception.getMessage());
        }
    }

    private void setThreadCountDownLatch(int num) {
        this.threadCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(num);
    }

}

11、正常插入

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManager;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class TransactionApplicationTwoTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MultiThreadingTransactionManager multiThreadingTransactionManager;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("tom"));
        studentList.add(new Student("marry"));
        List<Runnable> runnableList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.forEach(student -> runnableList.add(() -> {
            System.out.println("當(dāng)前線程：[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 插入數(shù)據(jù): " + student);
            try {
                studentMapper.insert(student);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }));
        boolean isSuccess = multiThreadingTransactionManager.execute(runnableList);
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
    }
}

日志輸出：

......
子線程: [pool-1-thread-2]
子線程: [pool-1-thread-1]
2023-11-26 17:15:42.138  INFO 15736 --- [pool-1-thread-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-11-26 17:15:42.319  INFO 15736 --- [pool-1-thread-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-2] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@1f52ee45
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-1] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@238acf6d
true
子線程: [pool-1-thread-2]進(jìn)行事務(wù)提交
子線程: [pool-1-thread-1]進(jìn)行事務(wù)提交

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)：

idname
1John
2tom
3marry

12、異常插入

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManager;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class TransactionApplicationThreeTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MultiThreadingTransactionManager multiThreadingTransactionManager;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("張三"));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四"));
        List<Runnable> runnableList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.forEach(student -> runnableList.add(() -> {
            System.out.println("當(dāng)前線程：[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 插入數(shù)據(jù): " + student);
            try {
                studentMapper.insert(student);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }));
        runnableList.add(() -> System.out.println(1 / 0));
        boolean isSuccess = multiThreadingTransactionManager.execute(runnableList);
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
    }
}

日志輸出：

......
子線程: [pool-1-thread-1]
子線程: [pool-1-thread-2]
子線程: [pool-1-thread-3]
2023-11-26 17:19:45.876  INFO 11384 --- [pool-1-thread-2] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-11-26 17:19:46.034  INFO 11384 --- [pool-1-thread-2] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
子線程: [pool-1-thread-3]執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)生異常,異常為: / by zero
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-1] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@6231e93c
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-2] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@74568de7
false
子線程: [pool-1-thread-3]進(jìn)行事務(wù)回滾
子線程: [pool-1-thread-2]進(jìn)行事務(wù)回滾

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)：

idname
1John
2tom
3marry

從上面我們可以看出事務(wù)進(jìn)行了回滾，并沒(méi)有插入到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中。

13、在主線程中統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行事務(wù)的提交和回滾

這里將事務(wù)的回滾放在所有子線程執(zhí)行完畢之后。

package com.example.transaction.service;

import com.example.transaction.config.ExecutorConfig;
import lombok.Builder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronization;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
@Service
public class MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo {

    /**
     * 數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù)管理器
     */
    private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;

    @Autowired
    public void setUserService(DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager) {
        this.dataSourceTransactionManager = dataSourceTransactionManager;
    }

    /**
     * 用于判斷子線程業(yè)務(wù)是否處理完成
     * 處理完成時(shí)threadCountDownLatch的值為0
     */
    private CountDownLatch threadCountDownLatch;

    /**
     * 是否提交事務(wù),默認(rèn)是true,當(dāng)子線程有異常發(fā)生時(shí),設(shè)置為false,回滾事務(wù)
     */
    private final AtomicBoolean isSubmit = new AtomicBoolean(true);

    public boolean execute(List<Runnable> runnableList) {
        // 超時(shí)時(shí)間
        long timeout = 30;
        List<TransactionStatus> transactionStatusList = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
        List<TransactionResource> transactionResourceList = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
        setThreadCountDownLatch(runnableList.size());
        ExecutorService executorService = ExecutorConfig.getThreadPool();
        runnableList.forEach(runnable -> executorService.execute(() -> {
            try {
                // 執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
                executeThread(runnable, transactionStatusList, transactionResourceList);
            } catch (Exception exception) {
                exception.printStackTrace();
                // 執(zhí)行異常,需要回滾
                isSubmit.set(false);
            } finally {
                threadCountDownLatch.countDown();
            }
        }));
        // 等待子線程全部執(zhí)行完畢
        try {
            // 若計(jì)數(shù)器變?yōu)榱懔?則返回 true
            boolean isFinish = threadCountDownLatch.await(timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            if (!isFinish) {
                // 如果還有為執(zhí)行完成的就回滾
                isSubmit.set(false);
                System.out.println("存在子線程在預(yù)期時(shí)間內(nèi)未執(zhí)行完畢,任務(wù)將全部回滾");
            }
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            exception.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 發(fā)生了異常則進(jìn)行回滾操作,否則提交
        if (isSubmit.get()) {
            System.out.println("全部事務(wù)正常提交");
            for (int i = 0; i < runnableList.size(); i++) {
                transactionResourceList.get(i).autoWiredTransactionResource();
                dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transactionStatusList.get(i));
                transactionResourceList.get(i).removeTransactionResource();
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("發(fā)生異常,全部事務(wù)回滾");
            for (int i = 0; i < runnableList.size(); i++) {
                transactionResourceList.get(i).autoWiredTransactionResource();
                dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transactionStatusList.get(i));
                transactionResourceList.get(i).removeTransactionResource();
            }
        }
        // 返回結(jié)果,是否執(zhí)行成功,事務(wù)提交即為執(zhí)行成功,事務(wù)回滾即為執(zhí)行失敗
        return isSubmit.get();
    }

    private void executeThread(Runnable runnable, List<TransactionStatus> transactionStatusList, List<TransactionResource> transactionResourceList) {
        System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]");
        DefaultTransactionDefinition defaultTransactionDefinition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
        TransactionStatus transactionStatus = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(defaultTransactionDefinition);
        // 開(kāi)啟新事務(wù)
        transactionStatusList.add(transactionStatus);
        // copy事務(wù)資源
        transactionResourceList.add(TransactionResource.copyTransactionResource());
        // 執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
        runnable.run();
    }

    private void setThreadCountDownLatch(int num) {
        this.threadCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(num);
    }

    /**
     * 保存當(dāng)前事務(wù)資源,用于線程間的事務(wù)資源COPY操作
     * <p>
     * `@Builder`注解是Lombok庫(kù)提供的一個(gè)注解,它可以用于自動(dòng)生成Builder模式的代碼,使用@Builder注解可以簡(jiǎn)化創(chuàng)建對(duì)象實(shí)例的過(guò)程,并且可以使代碼更加清晰和易于維護(hù)
     */
    @Builder
    private static class TransactionResource {
        // TransactionSynchronizationManager類內(nèi)部默認(rèn)提供了下面六個(gè)ThreadLocal屬性,分別保存當(dāng)前線程對(duì)應(yīng)的不同事務(wù)資源
        // 保存當(dāng)前事務(wù)關(guān)聯(lián)的資源,默認(rèn)只會(huì)在新建事務(wù)的時(shí)候保存當(dāng)前獲取到的DataSource和當(dāng)前事務(wù)對(duì)應(yīng)Connection的映射關(guān)系
        // 當(dāng)然這里Connection被包裝為了ConnectionHolder
        // 事務(wù)結(jié)束后默認(rèn)會(huì)移除集合中的DataSource作為key關(guān)聯(lián)的資源記錄
        private Map<Object, Object> resources;
        //下面五個(gè)屬性會(huì)在事務(wù)結(jié)束后被自動(dòng)清理,無(wú)需我們手動(dòng)清理
        // 事務(wù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者,在事務(wù)執(zhí)行到某個(gè)階段的過(guò)程中,會(huì)去回調(diào)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者對(duì)應(yīng)的回調(diào)接口(典型觀察者模式的應(yīng)用),默認(rèn)為空集合
        private Set<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)名字
        private String currentTransactionName;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)是否是只讀事務(wù)
        private Boolean currentTransactionReadOnly;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)的隔離級(jí)別
        private Integer currentTransactionIsolationLevel;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)是否處于激活狀態(tài)
        private Boolean actualTransactionActive;

        /**
         * 對(duì)事務(wù)資源進(jìn)行復(fù)制
         *
         * @return TransactionResource
         */
        public static TransactionResource copyTransactionResource() {
            return TransactionResource.builder()
                    //返回的是不可變集合
                    .resources(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResourceMap())
                    //如果需要注冊(cè)事務(wù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者,這里記得修改,我們這里不需要,就采用默認(rèn)負(fù)責(zé),spring事務(wù)內(nèi)部默認(rèn)也是這個(gè)值
                    .synchronizations(new LinkedHashSet<>()).currentTransactionName(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionName()).currentTransactionReadOnly(TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()).currentTransactionIsolationLevel(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel()).actualTransactionActive(TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive()).build();
        }

        /**
         * 使用
         */
        public void autoWiredTransactionResource() {
            resources.forEach(TransactionSynchronizationManager::bindResource);
            //如果需要注冊(cè)事務(wù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者,這里記得修改,我們這里不需要,就采用默認(rèn)負(fù)責(zé),spring事務(wù)內(nèi)部默認(rèn)也是這個(gè)值
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.initSynchronization();
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setActualTransactionActive(actualTransactionActive);
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionName(currentTransactionName);
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel(currentTransactionIsolationLevel);
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionReadOnly(currentTransactionReadOnly);
        }

        /**
         * 移除
         */
        public void removeTransactionResource() {
            // 事務(wù)結(jié)束后默認(rèn)會(huì)移除集合中的DataSource作為key關(guān)聯(lián)的資源記錄
            // DataSource如果重復(fù)移除,unbindResource時(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)椴淮嬖诖薻ey關(guān)聯(lián)的事務(wù)資源而報(bào)錯(cuò)
            resources.keySet().forEach(key -> {
                if (!(key instanceof DataSource)) {
                    TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(key);
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

13.1 正常插入

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class TransactionApplicationFourTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo multiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("tom"));
        studentList.add(new Student("marry"));
        List<Runnable> runnableList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.forEach(student -> runnableList.add(() -> {
            System.out.println("當(dāng)前線程：[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 插入數(shù)據(jù): " + student);
            try {
                studentMapper.insert(student);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }));
        boolean isSuccess = multiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo.execute(runnableList);
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
    }
}

日志輸出：

......
子線程: [pool-1-thread-1]
子線程: [pool-1-thread-2]
2023-11-26 18:57:13.096  INFO 4280 --- [pool-1-thread-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-11-26 18:57:13.256  INFO 4280 --- [pool-1-thread-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-2] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@6cf36c13
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-1] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@7fc3efd5
全部事務(wù)正常提交
true

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)：

idname
1John
2tom
3marry
6tom
7marry

13.2 異常插入

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManager;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class TransactionApplicationFiveTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo multiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("張三"));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四"));
        List<Runnable> runnableList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.forEach(student -> runnableList.add(() -> {
            System.out.println("當(dāng)前線程：[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 插入數(shù)據(jù): " + student);
            try {
                studentMapper.insert(student);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }));
        runnableList.add(() -> System.out.println(1 / 0));
        boolean isSuccess = multiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo.execute(runnableList);
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
    }
}

日志輸出：

子線程: [pool-1-thread-1]
子線程: [pool-1-thread-3]
子線程: [pool-1-thread-2]
2023-11-26 19:00:40.938  INFO 17920 --- [pool-1-thread-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-11-26 19:00:41.097  INFO 17920 --- [pool-1-thread-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-1] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@2f7e458
當(dāng)前線程：[pool-1-thread-2] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@2b3ae8b
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
    at com.example.transaction.TransactionApplicationFiveTests.lambda$contextLoads$2(TransactionApplicationFiveTests.java:37)
    at com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo.executeThread(MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo.java:107)
    at com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo.lambda$null$0(MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo.java:57)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
發(fā)生異常,全部事務(wù)回滾
false

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)：

idname
1John
2tom
3marry
6tom
7marry

14、使用CompletableFuture實(shí)現(xiàn)

package com.example.transaction.service;

import lombok.Builder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronization;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionSynchronizationManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;

/**
 * @author tom
 */
@Service
public class MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree {

    /**
     * 數(shù)據(jù)源事務(wù)管理器
     */
    private DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager;

    @Autowired
    public void setUserService(DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager) {
        this.dataSourceTransactionManager = dataSourceTransactionManager;
    }

    /**
     * 是否提交事務(wù),默認(rèn)是true,當(dāng)子線程有異常發(fā)生時(shí),設(shè)置為false,回滾事務(wù)
     */
    private final AtomicBoolean isSubmit = new AtomicBoolean(true);

    public boolean execute(List<Runnable> runnableList) {
        List<TransactionStatus> transactionStatusList = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
        List<TransactionResource> transactionResourceList = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
        List<CompletableFuture<?>> completableFutureList = new ArrayList<>(runnableList.size());
        runnableList.forEach(runnable -> completableFutureList.add(CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
            try {
                // 執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
                executeThread(runnable, transactionStatusList, transactionResourceList);
            } catch (Exception exception) {
                exception.printStackTrace();
                // 執(zhí)行異常,需要回滾
                isSubmit.set(false);
                // 終止其它還未執(zhí)行的任務(wù)
                completableFutureList.forEach(completableFuture -> completableFuture.cancel(true));
            }
        })));
        // 等待子線程全部執(zhí)行完畢
        try {
            // 阻塞直到所有任務(wù)全部執(zhí)行結(jié)束,如果有任務(wù)被取消,這里會(huì)拋出異常,需要捕獲
            CompletableFuture.allOf(completableFutureList.toArray(new CompletableFuture[]{})).get();
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            exception.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 發(fā)生了異常則進(jìn)行回滾操作,否則提交
        if (!isSubmit.get()) {
            System.out.println("發(fā)生異常,全部事務(wù)回滾");
            for (int i = 0; i < runnableList.size(); i++) {
                transactionResourceList.get(i).autoWiredTransactionResource();
                dataSourceTransactionManager.rollback(transactionStatusList.get(i));
                transactionResourceList.get(i).removeTransactionResource();
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("全部事務(wù)正常提交");
            for (int i = 0; i < runnableList.size(); i++) {
                transactionResourceList.get(i).autoWiredTransactionResource();
                dataSourceTransactionManager.commit(transactionStatusList.get(i));
                transactionResourceList.get(i).removeTransactionResource();
            }
        }
        // 返回結(jié)果,是否執(zhí)行成功,事務(wù)提交即為執(zhí)行成功,事務(wù)回滾即為執(zhí)行失敗
        return isSubmit.get();
    }

    private void executeThread(Runnable runnable, List<TransactionStatus> transactionStatusList, List<TransactionResource> transactionResourceList) {
        System.out.println("子線程: [" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "]");
        DefaultTransactionDefinition defaultTransactionDefinition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
        TransactionStatus transactionStatus = dataSourceTransactionManager.getTransaction(defaultTransactionDefinition);
        // 開(kāi)啟新事務(wù)
        transactionStatusList.add(transactionStatus);
        // copy事務(wù)資源
        transactionResourceList.add(TransactionResource.copyTransactionResource());
        // 執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
        runnable.run();
    }

    /**
     * 保存當(dāng)前事務(wù)資源,用于線程間的事務(wù)資源COPY操作
     * <p>
     * `@Builder`注解是Lombok庫(kù)提供的一個(gè)注解,它可以用于自動(dòng)生成Builder模式的代碼,使用@Builder注解可以簡(jiǎn)化創(chuàng)建對(duì)象實(shí)例的過(guò)程,并且可以使代碼更加清晰和易于維護(hù)
     */
    @Builder
    private static class TransactionResource {
        // TransactionSynchronizationManager類內(nèi)部默認(rèn)提供了下面六個(gè)ThreadLocal屬性,分別保存當(dāng)前線程對(duì)應(yīng)的不同事務(wù)資源
        // 保存當(dāng)前事務(wù)關(guān)聯(lián)的資源,默認(rèn)只會(huì)在新建事務(wù)的時(shí)候保存當(dāng)前獲取到的DataSource和當(dāng)前事務(wù)對(duì)應(yīng)Connection的映射關(guān)系
        // 當(dāng)然這里Connection被包裝為了ConnectionHolder
        // 事務(wù)結(jié)束后默認(rèn)會(huì)移除集合中的DataSource作為key關(guān)聯(lián)的資源記錄
        private Map<Object, Object> resources;
        //下面五個(gè)屬性會(huì)在事務(wù)結(jié)束后被自動(dòng)清理,無(wú)需我們手動(dòng)清理
        // 事務(wù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者,在事務(wù)執(zhí)行到某個(gè)階段的過(guò)程中,會(huì)去回調(diào)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者對(duì)應(yīng)的回調(diào)接口(典型觀察者模式的應(yīng)用),默認(rèn)為空集合
        private Set<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)名字
        private String currentTransactionName;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)是否是只讀事務(wù)
        private Boolean currentTransactionReadOnly;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)的隔離級(jí)別
        private Integer currentTransactionIsolationLevel;
        // 存放當(dāng)前事務(wù)是否處于激活狀態(tài)
        private Boolean actualTransactionActive;

        /**
         * 對(duì)事務(wù)資源進(jìn)行復(fù)制
         *
         * @return TransactionResource
         */
        public static TransactionResource copyTransactionResource() {
            return TransactionResource.builder()
                    //返回的是不可變集合
                    .resources(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResourceMap())
                    //如果需要注冊(cè)事務(wù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者,這里記得修改,我們這里不需要,就采用默認(rèn)負(fù)責(zé),spring事務(wù)內(nèi)部默認(rèn)也是這個(gè)值
                    .synchronizations(new LinkedHashSet<>()).currentTransactionName(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionName()).currentTransactionReadOnly(TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()).currentTransactionIsolationLevel(TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel()).actualTransactionActive(TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive()).build();
        }

        /**
         * 使用
         */
        public void autoWiredTransactionResource() {
            resources.forEach(TransactionSynchronizationManager::bindResource);
            //如果需要注冊(cè)事務(wù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)者,這里記得修改,我們這里不需要,就采用默認(rèn)負(fù)責(zé),spring事務(wù)內(nèi)部默認(rèn)也是這個(gè)值
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.initSynchronization();
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setActualTransactionActive(actualTransactionActive);
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionName(currentTransactionName);
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel(currentTransactionIsolationLevel);
            TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionReadOnly(currentTransactionReadOnly);
        }

        /**
         * 移除
         */
        public void removeTransactionResource() {
            // 事務(wù)結(jié)束后默認(rèn)會(huì)移除集合中的DataSource作為key關(guān)聯(lián)的資源記錄
            // DataSource如果重復(fù)移除,unbindResource時(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)椴淮嬖诖薻ey關(guān)聯(lián)的事務(wù)資源而報(bào)錯(cuò)
            resources.keySet().forEach(key -> {
                if (!(key instanceof DataSource)) {
                    TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(key);
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

14.1 正常插入

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class TransactionApplicationSixTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree multiThreadingTransactionManagerThree;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("tom"));
        studentList.add(new Student("marry"));
        List<Runnable> runnableList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.forEach(student -> runnableList.add(() -> {
            System.out.println("當(dāng)前線程：[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 插入數(shù)據(jù): " + student);
            try {
                studentMapper.insert(student);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }));
        boolean isSuccess = multiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.execute(runnableList);
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
    }
}

日志輸出：

子線程: [ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-1]
子線程: [ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-2]
2023-11-26 19:17:00.674  INFO 12344 --- [onPool-worker-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-11-26 19:17:00.815  INFO 12344 --- [onPool-worker-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
當(dāng)前線程：[ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-2] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@25e1950b
當(dāng)前線程：[ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-1] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@57e8ff9a
全部事務(wù)正常提交
true

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)：

idname
1John
2tom
3marry
6tom
7marry
10tom
11marry

14.2 異常插入

package com.example.transaction;

import com.example.transaction.mapper.StudentMapper;
import com.example.transaction.model.Student;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree;
import com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerTwo;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class TransactionApplicationSevenTests {

    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @Autowired
    private MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree multiThreadingTransactionManagerThree;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.add(new Student("張三"));
        studentList.add(new Student("李四"));
        List<Runnable> runnableList = new ArrayList<>();
        studentList.forEach(student -> runnableList.add(() -> {
            System.out.println("當(dāng)前線程：[" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "] 插入數(shù)據(jù): " + student);
            try {
                studentMapper.insert(student);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }));
        runnableList.add(() -> System.out.println(1 / 0));
        boolean isSuccess = multiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.execute(runnableList);
        System.out.println(isSuccess);
    }
}

輸出日志：

子線程: [ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-2]
子線程: [ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-3]
子線程: [ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-1]
2023-11-26 19:19:01.862  INFO 15120 --- [onPool-worker-3] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Starting...
2023-11-26 19:19:02.016  INFO 15120 --- [onPool-worker-3] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource       : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
當(dāng)前線程：[ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-1] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@3155d2ee
當(dāng)前線程：[ForkJoinPool.commonPool-worker-2] 插入數(shù)據(jù): com.example.transaction.model.Student@5ff9bde5
java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
    at com.example.transaction.TransactionApplicationSevenTests.lambda$contextLoads$2(TransactionApplicationSevenTests.java:37)
    at com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.executeThread(MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.java:90)
    at com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.lambda$null$1(MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.java:45)
    at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncRun.run(CompletableFuture.java:1626)
    at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncRun.exec(CompletableFuture.java:1618)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.util.concurrent.CancellationException
    at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.reportGet(CompletableFuture.java:357)
    at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.get(CompletableFuture.java:1895)
......
com.example.transaction.service.MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.lambda$null$1(MultiThreadingTransactionManagerThree.java:51)
    at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncRun.run(CompletableFuture.java:1626)
    at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncRun.exec(CompletableFuture.java:1618)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
    at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)
發(fā)生異常,全部事務(wù)回滾
false

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)：

idname
1John
2tom
3marry
6tom
7marry
10tom
11marry

到此這篇關(guān)于Spring在多線程下保持事務(wù)的一致性的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Spring多線程事務(wù)一致性內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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