關(guān)于JVM垃圾回收的java.lang.ref.Finalizer問題
JVM垃圾回收的java.lang.ref.Finalizer
基礎(chǔ)知識
Shallow Size
- 對象自身占用的內(nèi)存大小,不包括它引用的對象
Retained Size
- Retained Size=當前對象大小+當前對象可直接或間接引用到的對象的大小總和
可達性分析算法:
基本思路是通過一系列成為GC ROOTS 的對象作為起點,當一個對象到 GC ROOTS 沒有任何相連,證明此對象是不可達,即被判斷為可回收的對象。
之后的過程是:
被標記不可達的對象以后,進行第一次標記,和第一次篩選,條件是該對象 有沒有必要執(zhí)行finalize方法
沒有必要執(zhí)行finalize方法的情況是
1.finalize已經(jīng)執(zhí)行過(finalize 方法只會被執(zhí)行一次)
2.該對象沒有重寫finalize方法
如果要執(zhí)行finalize方法,該對象進入一個F-Queue隊列,稍后有 一個優(yōu)先級為8的 finalizer線程來執(zhí)行(注意:如果一個對象在 finalize 方法中運行緩慢,將會導(dǎo)致隊列后的其他對象永遠等待,嚴重時將會導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)崩潰)
GC對隊列中進行第二次標記,如果在執(zhí)行finalize方法的時候?qū)⒆约汉虶C ROOTS關(guān)聯(lián)上,該對象即可逃離回收,否則,被回收掉
重要
對象是在已經(jīng)被GC識別為是垃圾后才丟到Queue中的,在queue中依然占用內(nèi)存
引用對象的類型
引用對象的類型第一篇已說過,分為以下類型
強引用>軟引用>弱引用>虛引用,
涉及到的相關(guān)類:
- 軟引用:softReference
- 弱引用:weekRefernce
- 虛引用:pathomReference
但還有一個特殊的引用:FinalReference類,該類也是JVM調(diào)優(yōu)的常見的調(diào)優(yōu)場景之一。
要了解FinalReference,先了解final()
final,finally和finalize()的區(qū)別?
前兩者我相信大多數(shù)人都能答出,但finalize()雖然也有人答出,但可能只是硬搬面試題答案。
1.final:修飾詞,作用于成員變量,方法和類。
- 成員變量,基本數(shù)據(jù)類型表示該成員變量不可變更數(shù)值,對象表示該對象引用地址不可改變。
- 方法,表示該方法不可重載
- 類,表示該類不可被繼承
2.finally:是異常處理機制的一部分,表示總是執(zhí)行這段代碼,先執(zhí)行異常,后執(zhí)行finally
@Slf4j public class FinallyDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { try { int i = 1 / 0; log.info("1/0"); } catch (Exception e) { log.info("執(zhí)行異常"); } finally { log.info("執(zhí)行finally片段"); } } }
// 打印結(jié)果:
// 10:36:09.777 [main] INFO com.gc.demo.finalize.finlly.FinallyDemo - 執(zhí)行異常
// 10:36:09.780 [main] INFO com.gc.demo.finalize.finlly.FinallyDemo - 執(zhí)行finally片段
3.finalize():是object的一個方法。簡簡單單的一句話,我想大多數(shù)人懂得,但其實我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)深入。
Finalize()
Object源碼
public class Object { private static native void registerNatives(); static { registerNatives(); } ....... @Deprecated(since="9") protected void finalize() throws Throwable { } }
上述代碼可以看出:finalize()已被棄用,不建議使用
為什么finalize()已被棄用,不建議使用?
原因:容易導(dǎo)致堆內(nèi)存溢出。
為什么不直接刪除呢?
1. 兼容老舊項目
2. 是GC回收對象前,對該對象生前(被回收前)必須執(zhí)行的邏輯業(yè)務(wù),保證程序正常運行。例如:FileInputStream,源碼如下
public class FileInputStream extends InputStream{ ...... static class AltFinalizer { private final FileInputStream fis; AltFinalizer(FileInputStream fis) { this.fis = fis; } @Override @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") protected final void finalize() { try { if ((fis.fd != null) && (fis.fd != FileDescriptor.in)) { /* if fd is shared, the references in FileDescriptor * will ensure that finalizer is only called when * safe to do so. All references using the fd have * become unreachable. We can call close() */ fis.close(); } } catch (IOException ioe) { // ignore } } }
FileInputStream類的close()方法大家都不陌生,用于關(guān)閉流輸入,但他被寫到finalize()方法內(nèi)。
原理:
JVM啟動時,檢測所有對象,是否實現(xiàn)了finalize()方法,如果實現(xiàn)了,就會該對象標記為finalizer類,且交由finalizerThread線程管理,當GC回收時,finalizerThread線程就會處理finalizer類,檢測是否有執(zhí)行finalize()方法,如果有,則可以把finalizer從線程中去除,對應(yīng)的對象就可以被回收;如果沒有,則一直交由finalizerThread線程管理。
詳細流程
JVM啟動時,檢測對象是否實現(xiàn)了finalize()方法,檢測方法:判斷has_finalizer_flag和registerfinalizerrsaltInit字段
A對象實現(xiàn)了finalize()方法,就會把A對象的finalize()函數(shù)注冊到finalizerthread線程和referencequeue隊列中,注冊完畢后,且稱該函數(shù)注冊的B對象稱為Finalizer類,指向原有的A對象。
GC回收垃圾時,啟動FinalizerThread線程,檢測Finalizer類對應(yīng)的A對象的finalize()方法是否已執(zhí)行,已調(diào)用,則可以把Finalizer類去除,回收Finalizer類,從而回收A對象;如果沒有調(diào)用,則繼續(xù)交由FinalizerThread線程管理,不回收。
從上面原因引申出:為什么堆內(nèi)存溢出?
GC回收時,用戶線程、GC回收線程和FinalizerThread線程都在運行,但由于FinalizerThread線程優(yōu)先度比GC回收線程和用戶線程低,所以導(dǎo)致回收速度比對象創(chuàng)建速度慢,最終導(dǎo)致堆內(nèi)存溢出。
示例程序:
JDK11、G1垃圾收集器
JVM設(shè)置
-Xms10m -Xmx10m -Xlog:ref*=debug -Xlog:gc:gc.log -Xlog:gc+heap=trace -verbose:gc -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=E:\mycode\gc-demo\a.dump
public class FinalizeGcDemo { private static class GcDemo { private byte[] content = new byte[1024 * 1024]; @Override protected void finalize() throws Throwable { System.out.println("執(zhí)行了finalize方法"); } } public static void main(String[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { GcDemo gcDemo = new GcDemo(); } } }
日志如下:
[0.453s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(23) Heap after GC invocations=21 (full 13): garbage-first heap total 10240K, used 10123K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x0000000100000000)
[0.453s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(23) region size 1024K, 0 young (0K), 0 survivors (0K)
[0.453s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(23) Metaspace used 6220K, capacity 6395K, committed 6528K, reserved 1056768K
[0.453s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(23) class space used 538K, capacity 606K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
[0.453s][info ][gc ] GC(23) Pause Full (G1 Evacuation Pause) 9M->9M(10M) 5.420ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) Heap before GC invocations=21 (full 13): garbage-first heap total 10240K, used 10123K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x0000000100000000)
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) region size 1024K, 0 young (0K), 0 survivors (0K)
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) Metaspace used 6220K, capacity 6395K, committed 6528K, reserved 1056768K
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) class space used 538K, capacity 606K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
[0.455s][debug][gc,ref ] GC(24) Skipped phase1 of Reference Processing due to unavailable references
[0.455s][debug][gc,ref ] GC(24) Skipped phase2 of Reference Processing due to unavailable references
[0.455s][debug][gc,ref ] GC(24) Skipped phase3 of Reference Processing due to unavailable references
[0.455s][debug][gc,ref ] GC(24) Skipped phase4 of Reference Processing due to unavailable references
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Reference Processing: 0.0ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Reconsider SoftReferences: 0.0ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) SoftRef (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Notify Soft/WeakReferences: 0.0ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) SoftRef (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) WeakRef (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) FinalRef (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Total (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Notify and keep alive finalizable: 0.0ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) FinalRef (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Notify PhantomReferences: 0.0ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) PhantomRef (ms): skipped
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) SoftReference:
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Discovered: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Cleared: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) WeakReference:
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Discovered: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Cleared: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) FinalReference:
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Discovered: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Cleared: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) PhantomReference:
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Discovered: 0
[0.455s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(24) Cleared: 0
[0.455s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(24) Eden regions: 0->0(1)
[0.455s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(24) Used: 0K, Waste: 0K
[0.455s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(24) Survivor regions: 0->0(1)
[0.455s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(24) Used: 0K, Waste: 0K
[0.455s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(24) Old regions: 2->2
[0.455s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(24) Used: 1931K, Waste: 116K
[0.455s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(24) Humongous regions: 8->8
[0.455s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(24) Used: 8192K, Waste: 0K
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) Heap after GC invocations=22 (full 13): garbage-first heap total 10240K, used 10123K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x0000000100000000)
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) region size 1024K, 0 young (0K), 0 survivors (0K)
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) Metaspace used 6220K, capacity 6395K, committed 6528K, reserved 1056768K
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(24) class space used 538K, capacity 606K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
[0.455s][info ][gc ] GC(24) Pause Young (Concurrent Start) (G1 Evacuation Pause) 9M->9M(10M) 0.585ms
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) Heap before GC invocations=22 (full 13): garbage-first heap total 10240K, used 10123K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x0000000100000000)
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) region size 1024K, 0 young (0K), 0 survivors (0K)
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) Metaspace used 6220K, capacity 6395K, committed 6528K, reserved 1056768K
[0.455s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) class space used 538K, capacity 606K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
[0.455s][info ][gc ] GC(26) Concurrent Cycle
[0.457s][debug][gc,ref ] GC(25) Skipped phase3 of Reference Processing due to unavailable references
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Reference Processing: 0.0ms
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Reconsider SoftReferences: 0.0ms
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) SoftRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Notify Soft/WeakReferences: 0.0ms
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) SoftRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) WeakRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) FinalRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Total (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Notify and keep alive finalizable: 0.0ms
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) FinalRef (ms): skipped
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Notify PhantomReferences: 0.0ms
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) PhantomRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) SoftReference:
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Discovered: 6
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Cleared: 6
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) WeakReference:
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Discovered: 5
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Cleared: 5
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) FinalReference:
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Discovered: 0
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Cleared: 0
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) PhantomReference:
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Discovered: 66
[0.457s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(25) Cleared: 66
[0.460s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(25) Eden regions: 0->0(1)
[0.460s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(25) Used: 0K, Waste: 0K
[0.460s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(25) Survivor regions: 0->0(1)
[0.460s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(25) Used: 0K, Waste: 0K
[0.460s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(25) Old regions: 2->2
[0.460s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(25) Used: 1931K, Waste: 116K
[0.460s][info ][gc,heap ] GC(25) Humongous regions: 8->6
[0.460s][trace][gc,heap ] GC(25) Used: 6144K, Waste: 0K
[0.460s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) Heap after GC invocations=23 (full 14): garbage-first heap total 10240K, used 8075K [0x00000000ff600000, 0x0000000100000000)
[0.460s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) region size 1024K, 0 young (0K), 0 survivors (0K)
[0.460s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) Metaspace used 6220K, capacity 6395K, committed 6528K, reserved 1056768K
[0.460s][debug][gc,heap ] GC(25) class space used 538K, capacity 606K, committed 640K, reserved 1048576K
[0.460s][info ][gc ] GC(25) Pause Full (G1 Evacuation Pause) 9M->7M(10M) 5.032ms
[0.461s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28c8
執(zhí)行了finalize方法
執(zhí)行了finalize方法
執(zhí)行了finalize方法
[0.461s][info ][gc ] GC(26) Concurrent Cycle 5.981ms
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28d0
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28d8
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f44b8
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b710
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b718
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f29c0
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b720
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b728
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28e0
[0.462s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28e8
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f29c8
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b730
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b740
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28f0
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f28f8
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f2900
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] StringTable weak: allocated 0x00000187729f2908
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f29d0
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b748
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b750
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f29d8
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b758
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b760
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b768
[0.463s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: released 0x000001877265b670
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b670
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b770
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f29e0
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b778
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b780
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Weak: allocated 0x00000187729f29e8
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b788
[0.464s][info ][oopstorage,ref] JNI Global: allocated 0x000001877265b790
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at com.gc.demo.finalize.FinalizeGcDemo.main(FinalizeGcDemo.java:26)
日志最后拋出堆內(nèi)存溢出(java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space)異常。
通過MAT工具分析剛才程序運行的dump文件
上面的分析報告,明確指出了Finalizer類已經(jīng)占用堆內(nèi)存的51.88%以上,且主要因為GcDemo類下finalize()方法。
打印Reference類的JVM參數(shù)設(shè)置
- JDK1.9之前 -XX:+PrintReferenceGC
- JDK1.9(含1.9)以后 -Xlog:ref*=debug
日志打印
[0.323s][info ][gc ] GC(3) Pause Full (G1 Humongous Allocation) 8M->7M(10M) 5.099ms
[0.324s][debug][gc,ref ] GC(4) Skipped phase3 of Reference Processing due to unavailable references
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Reference Processing: 0.0ms
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Reconsider SoftReferences: 0.0ms
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) SoftRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Notify Soft/WeakReferences: 0.0ms
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) SoftRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) WeakRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) FinalRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Total (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Notify and keep alive finalizable: 0.0ms
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) FinalRef (ms): skipped
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Notify PhantomReferences: 0.0ms
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) PhantomRef (ms): Min: 0.0, Avg: 0.0, Max: 0.0, Diff: 0.0, Sum: 0.0, Workers: 1
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) SoftReference:
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Discovered: 34
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Cleared: 5
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) WeakReference:
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Discovered: 5
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Cleared: 5
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) FinalReference:
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Discovered: 0
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Cleared: 0
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) PhantomReference:
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Discovered: 62
[0.324s][debug][gc,phases,ref ] GC(4) Cleared: 62
[0.324s][info ][oopstorage,ref] VM Weak Oop Handles: released 0x0000018bb1d48748
[0.324s][info ][oopstorage,ref] VM Weak Oop Handles: released 0x0000018bb1d487b0
[0.324s][info ][oopstorage,ref] VM Weak Oop Handles: released 0x0000018bb1d48660
總結(jié)
1. finalize占用內(nèi)存搞這和GC的機制有關(guān)
實現(xiàn)了object的finalize()的類在創(chuàng)建時會新建一個FinalizerReference,這個對象是強引用類型,封裝了override finalize()的對象,下面直接叫原對象。
原對象沒有被其他對象引用時(FinalizeReference除外),執(zhí)行GC不會馬上被清除掉,而是放入一個靜態(tài)鏈表中(ReferenceQueue),有一個守護線程專門去維護這個鏈表,如何維護呢?
就是輪到該線程執(zhí)行時就彈出里面的對象,執(zhí)行它們的finalize(),對應(yīng)的FinalizerReference對象在下次執(zhí)行GC時就會被清理掉。
一個堆的FinalizerReference會組成一條雙向鏈表,垃圾回收器應(yīng)該會持有鏈表頭(鏈表頭在FinalizerReference中為一個靜態(tài)成員)。
2. 為什么會泄漏
直接原因就是守護線程優(yōu)先級比較低,運行的時間比較少。
如果較短時間內(nèi)創(chuàng)建較多的原對象,就會因為守護線程來不及彈出原對象而使FinalizerReference和原對象都得不到回收。
無論怎樣調(diào)用GC都沒有用的,因為只要原對象沒有被守護線程彈出執(zhí)行其finalize()方法,F(xiàn)inalizerReference對象就不會被GC回收。
3. 知道這些機制后,應(yīng)該注意以下幾點
(1)緊缺資源不要依賴finalize()來釋放。
(2)盡量不要重載finalize()。
(3)如果必須重載finalize(),一定要記得調(diào)用super.finalize,也建議把類實現(xiàn)成單例模式(減少FinalizerReference占用)。
以上為個人經(jīng)驗,希望能給大家一個參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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