Spring源碼之事件監(jiān)聽機(jī)制(實(shí)現(xiàn)EventListener接口方式)
一、Spring實(shí)現(xiàn)自定義事件的發(fā)布訂閱
1、事件定義
/** * 定義事件類型 * * @author lihongmin * @date 2019/11/3 20:30 */ public class OrderEvent extends ApplicationEvent { public OrderEvent(Object source) { super(source); } }
2、事件監(jiān)聽(泛型)
/** * 訂單事件監(jiān)聽 * @author lihongmin * @date 2019/11/3 20:33 */ @Component public class OrderEventListener implements ApplicationListener<OrderEvent> { @Override public void onApplicationEvent(OrderEvent orderEvent) { try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("我受到了一個(gè)事件:" + orderEvent.getSource()); } }
3、模擬事件發(fā)送
/** * 事件觸發(fā)模擬 * * 我受到了一個(gè)事件:我發(fā)布了事件?。?! * 我執(zhí)行完畢了?。?! * * @author lihongmin * @date 2019/11/3 20:35 */ @Controller public class OrderEventController implements ApplicationContextAware { private ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { this.applicationContext = applicationContext; } @GetMapping("publishOrderEvent") public String publishOrderEvent() { applicationContext.publishEvent(new OrderEvent("我發(fā)布了事件!?。?)); System.out.println("我執(zhí)行完畢了?。?!"); return "發(fā)送事件了!"; } }
4、啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,調(diào)用 127.0.0.1:8080/publishOrderEvent
我受到了一個(gè)事件:我發(fā)布了事件?。?!
我執(zhí)行完畢了?。。?/p>
總結(jié):事件發(fā)送非常的簡單,一個(gè)事件類型,一個(gè)監(jiān)聽,一個(gè)觸發(fā)機(jī)制。并且該事件為同步機(jī)制(后續(xù)在Spring Boot中可以方便切換為異步)。
二、Spring事件驅(qū)動(dòng)原理分析(Spring版本為5.1.7)
1、ApplicationContext委派ApplicationEventPublisher發(fā)送事件
我們調(diào)用的是 ApplicationContext的
publishEvent(new OrderEvent("我發(fā)布了事件?。。?));
查看ApplicationContext 結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)用的是父類 ApplicationEventPublisher的接口
如下:
public interface ApplicationContext extends EnvironmentCapable, ListableBeanFactory, HierarchicalBeanFactory, MessageSource, ApplicationEventPublisher, ResourcePatternResolver { @Nullable String getId(); String getApplicationName(); String getDisplayName(); long getStartupDate(); @Nullable ApplicationContext getParent(); AutowireCapableBeanFactory getAutowireCapableBeanFactory() throws IllegalStateException; }
public interface ApplicationEventPublisher { default void publishEvent(ApplicationEvent event) { this.publishEvent((Object)event); } void publishEvent(Object var1); }
那么就是其子類 AbstractApplicationContext 實(shí)現(xiàn)的發(fā)送操作
public void publishEvent(Object event) { this.publishEvent(event, (ResolvableType)null); } protected void publishEvent(Object event, @Nullable ResolvableType eventType) { Assert.notNull(event, "Event must not be null"); Object applicationEvent; if (event instanceof ApplicationEvent) { applicationEvent = (ApplicationEvent)event; } else { applicationEvent = new PayloadApplicationEvent(this, event); if (eventType == null) { eventType = ((PayloadApplicationEvent)applicationEvent).getResolvableType(); } } if (this.earlyApplicationEvents != null) { this.earlyApplicationEvents.add(applicationEvent); } else { this.getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent((ApplicationEvent)applicationEvent, eventType); } if (this.parent != null) { if (this.parent instanceof AbstractApplicationContext) { ((AbstractApplicationContext)this.parent).publishEvent(event, eventType); } else { this.parent.publishEvent(event); } } }
發(fā)現(xiàn)執(zhí)行到
getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent((ApplicationEvent)applicationEvent, eventType);
那么其實(shí)這里算是一個(gè)委派模式了(個(gè)人認(rèn)為),spring容器將發(fā)送事件委派給 AbstractApplicationContext的ApplicationEventMulticaster applicationEventMulticaster對(duì)象。
2、ApplicationEventMutulcaster類型的確認(rèn)和初始化
不難發(fā)現(xiàn)(或者對(duì)Spring ApplicationContext比較熟悉的話)是項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)時(shí),不同類型的ApplicationContext(如:ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)
在調(diào)用父類 AbstractApplicationContext的refresh方法(之前分析過是一個(gè)模板方法)時(shí), initApplicationEventMulticaster()
如下:
protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() { ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = this.getBeanFactory(); if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean("applicationEventMulticaster")) { this.applicationEventMulticaster = (ApplicationEventMulticaster)beanFactory.getBean("applicationEventMulticaster", ApplicationEventMulticaster.class); if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) { this.logger.trace("Using ApplicationEventMulticaster [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster + "]"); } } else { this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory); beanFactory.registerSingleton("applicationEventMulticaster", this.applicationEventMulticaster); if (this.logger.isTraceEnabled()) { this.logger.trace("No 'applicationEventMulticaster' bean, using [" + this.applicationEventMulticaster.getClass().getSimpleName() + "]"); } } }
邏輯比較簡單,在BeanFactory中獲取名稱為 applicationEventMulticaster的Bean,當(dāng)然如果我們沒有自定義并且注冊(cè)為該名稱的Bean,肯定是獲取不到的。
那么會(huì)new一個(gè) SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster類型的bean注冊(cè)到容器中。
也就是說上面的getApplicationEventMulticaster()獲取到的就是SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster。
但是還需要注意使用的是有參數(shù)構(gòu)造進(jìn)行初始化,如下:
public SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(BeanFactory beanFactory) { this.setBeanFactory(beanFactory); }
在父類中實(shí)現(xiàn):
public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) { this.beanFactory = beanFactory; if (beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory) { ConfigurableBeanFactory cbf = (ConfigurableBeanFactory)beanFactory; if (this.beanClassLoader == null) { this.beanClassLoader = cbf.getBeanClassLoader(); } this.retrievalMutex = cbf.getSingletonMutex(); } }
獲取bean工廠中所以的所以單例對(duì)象放入屬性retrievalMutex 中,將類加載器也進(jìn)行賦值,后續(xù)會(huì)用到。
3、SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster的發(fā)送事件方法
public void multicastEvent(ApplicationEvent event, @Nullable ResolvableType eventType) { ResolvableType type = eventType != null ? eventType : this.resolveDefaultEventType(event); Iterator var4 = this.getApplicationListeners(event, type).iterator(); while(var4.hasNext()) { ApplicationListener<?> listener = (ApplicationListener)var4.next(); Executor executor = this.getTaskExecutor(); if (executor != null) { executor.execute(() -> { this.invokeListener(listener, event); }); } else { this.invokeListener(listener, event); } } }
分析一下這個(gè)方法:
- 1)、獲取或確認(rèn) ResolvableType 類型
- 2)、根據(jù)事件對(duì)象和ResolvableType 類型,獲取訂閱者列表
- 3)、發(fā)現(xiàn)如果 SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster對(duì)象的線程池屬性 Executor taskExecutor不為null則異步執(zhí)行監(jiān)聽方法。但是我們看到的是自己new了一個(gè)對(duì)象,所以如果想 事件監(jiān)聽使用線程池異步執(zhí)行的話(自己想到應(yīng)該可以這樣玩,自己比較喜歡自定義線程參數(shù),心里有數(shù),當(dāng)前一般還會(huì)設(shè)置線程池前綴名稱):
@Component public class DesignpatternApplication implements BeanFactoryAware { private BeanFactory beanFactory; @Override public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException { this.beanFactory = beanFactory; } @Bean("APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME") public SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster init() { ThreadPoolExecutor MulticasterExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, 5, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy()); SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster multicaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(); multicaster.setTaskExecutor(MulticasterExecutor); multicaster.setBeanFactory(beanFactory); return multicaster; } }
- 4)、最后肯定是invokeListener(listener, event);
4、ResolvableType類型確認(rèn)
首先我們傳入的eventType是null,所以先根據(jù)我們傳入的對(duì)象調(diào)用resolveDefaultEventType方法
如下:
private ResolvableType resolveDefaultEventType(ApplicationEvent event) { return ResolvableType.forInstance(event); }
再調(diào)用,肯定OrderEvent肯定沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)ResolvableTypeProvider接口:
public static ResolvableType forInstance(Object instance) { Assert.notNull(instance, "Instance must not be null"); if (instance instanceof ResolvableTypeProvider) { ResolvableType type = ((ResolvableTypeProvider) instance).getResolvableType(); if (type != null) { return type; } } return ResolvableType.forClass(instance.getClass()); }
再調(diào)用:
public static ResolvableType forClass(@Nullable Class<?> clazz) { return new ResolvableType(clazz); }
所以我們或者到了一個(gè)新創(chuàng)建的 ResolvableType 對(duì)象,對(duì)象的clazz字段為我們的 OrderEvent。
為什么追這么深,是因?yàn)橄旅婢褪歉鶕?jù)類型來獲取監(jiān)聽器的。
5、獲取所有的監(jiān)聽列表,并且看看是怎么做到監(jiān)聽泛型類型
protected Collection<ApplicationListener<?>> getApplicationListeners(ApplicationEvent event, ResolvableType eventType) { Object source = event.getSource(); Class<?> sourceType = source != null ? source.getClass() : null; AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerCacheKey cacheKey = new AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerCacheKey(eventType, sourceType); AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerRetriever retriever = (AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerRetriever)this.retrieverCache.get(cacheKey); if (retriever != null) { return retriever.getApplicationListeners(); } else if (this.beanClassLoader == null || ClassUtils.isCacheSafe(event.getClass(), this.beanClassLoader) && (sourceType == null || ClassUtils.isCacheSafe(sourceType, this.beanClassLoader))) { Object var7 = this.retrievalMutex; synchronized(this.retrievalMutex) { retriever = (AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerRetriever)this.retrieverCache.get(cacheKey); if (retriever != null) { return retriever.getApplicationListeners(); } else { retriever = new AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerRetriever(true); Collection<ApplicationListener<?>> listeners = this.retrieveApplicationListeners(eventType, sourceType, retriever); this.retrieverCache.put(cacheKey, retriever); return listeners; } } } else { return this.retrieveApplicationListeners(eventType, sourceType, (AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerRetriever)null); } }
在自己的 ConcurrentHashMap類型的retrieverCache緩存中獲取,key是根據(jù) OrderEvent類型和我發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)源(當(dāng)前為String類型)如下:
- Map的key:
private static final class ListenerCacheKey implements Comparable<AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerCacheKey> { private final ResolvableType eventType; @Nullable private final Class<?> sourceType; // ..... }
- Map的value類型:
private class ListenerRetriever { public final Set<ApplicationListener<?>> applicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet(); public final Set<String> applicationListenerBeans = new LinkedHashSet(); private final boolean preFiltered; }
很清楚的結(jié)構(gòu),兩個(gè)LinkedHashSet, 就是為了保證兩個(gè)Set個(gè)數(shù)相同,并且順序一一對(duì)應(yīng)。用于存放當(dāng)前的監(jiān)聽對(duì)象和監(jiān)聽的類型。
當(dāng)前的緩存是在AbstractApplicationContext的refresh的registerBeanPostProcessors(注冊(cè)所有的BeanPostProcess),的最后一步,注冊(cè)了ApplicationListenerDetector類型。
并且在refresh的最后會(huì)將所有懶加載的Bean都初始化,則會(huì)將所有的實(shí)現(xiàn)了該接口的Bean放入容器中。
則重點(diǎn)是 retrieveApplicationListeners方法,比較長:
private Collection<ApplicationListener<?>> retrieveApplicationListeners(ResolvableType eventType, @Nullable Class<?> sourceType, @Nullable AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.ListenerRetriever retriever) { List<ApplicationListener<?>> allListeners = new ArrayList(); Object var7 = this.retrievalMutex; LinkedHashSet listeners; LinkedHashSet listenerBeans; synchronized(this.retrievalMutex) { listeners = new LinkedHashSet(this.defaultRetriever.applicationListeners); listenerBeans = new LinkedHashSet(this.defaultRetriever.applicationListenerBeans); } Iterator var14 = listeners.iterator(); while(var14.hasNext()) { ApplicationListener<?> listener = (ApplicationListener)var14.next(); if (this.supportsEvent(listener, eventType, sourceType)) { if (retriever != null) { retriever.applicationListeners.add(listener); } allListeners.add(listener); } } if (!listenerBeans.isEmpty()) { BeanFactory beanFactory = this.getBeanFactory(); Iterator var16 = listenerBeans.iterator(); while(var16.hasNext()) { String listenerBeanName = (String)var16.next(); try { Class<?> listenerType = beanFactory.getType(listenerBeanName); if (listenerType == null || this.supportsEvent(listenerType, eventType)) { ApplicationListener<?> listener = (ApplicationListener)beanFactory.getBean(listenerBeanName, ApplicationListener.class); if (!allListeners.contains(listener) && this.supportsEvent(listener, eventType, sourceType)) { if (retriever != null) { if (beanFactory.isSingleton(listenerBeanName)) { retriever.applicationListeners.add(listener); } else { retriever.applicationListenerBeans.add(listenerBeanName); } } allListeners.add(listener); } } } catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException var13) { ; } } } AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(allListeners); if (retriever != null && retriever.applicationListenerBeans.isEmpty()) { retriever.applicationListeners.clear(); retriever.applicationListeners.addAll(allListeners); } return allListeners; }
分析該方法,上面鎖住的是 retrievalMutex對(duì)象,現(xiàn)在又是同步鎖該對(duì)象。
為了保證LinkedHashSet中的值不會(huì)亂(monitor enter兩次exit兩次),去緩存中的每個(gè)查看每個(gè)監(jiān)聽器是否是對(duì)象的類型,檢查了監(jiān)聽器的泛型對(duì)象和事件源類型。
6、根據(jù)監(jiān)聽列表,循環(huán)調(diào)用(同步或異步)
我們實(shí)現(xiàn)的 onApplicationEvent(OrderEvent orderEvent)方法
protected void invokeListener(ApplicationListener<?> listener, ApplicationEvent event) { ErrorHandler errorHandler = this.getErrorHandler(); if (errorHandler != null) { try { this.doInvokeListener(listener, event); } catch (Throwable var5) { errorHandler.handleError(var5); } } else { this.doInvokeListener(listener, event); } }
所以 ErrorHandler想在這里處理,則需要在該對(duì)象中創(chuàng)建該異常處理器(可以有很多中方式處理,利用bean的生命周期,這是一個(gè)很好的擴(kuò)展點(diǎn),后續(xù)可以去實(shí)現(xiàn)),繼續(xù) doInvokeListener方法
private void doInvokeListener(ApplicationListener listener, ApplicationEvent event) { try { listener.onApplicationEvent(event); } catch (ClassCastException var6) { String msg = var6.getMessage(); if (msg != null && !this.matchesClassCastMessage(msg, event.getClass())) { throw var6; } Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass()); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Non-matching event type for listener: " + listener, var6); } } }
最后看見 listener.onApplicationEvent(event);
it is over?。?!
總結(jié)
1、ApplicationContext發(fā)送事件是委托給了一個(gè) Spring容器在refresh時(shí)初始化的SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster bean(由于沒有初始化內(nèi)部線程池對(duì)象,所以事件是同步發(fā)送的)。
2、發(fā)送前先獲取事件的ResolvableType類型(當(dāng)前為OrderEvent clazz)和事件源類型(當(dāng)前為String)
3、獲取監(jiān)聽者列表。 先去自己Bean內(nèi)部先查詢緩存,否則從BeanFactory中獲取所有單利bean進(jìn)行匹配(再放入緩存ConturrentHashMap)。
4、監(jiān)聽者列表循環(huán)(同步或異步)地調(diào)用我們自己寫的監(jiān)聽方法OnApplicationEvent。
以上為個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn),希望能給大家一個(gè)參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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