Java線程池如何實現(xiàn)精準控制每秒API請求

更新時間：2024年08月22日 15:05:21 作者：promise524

這篇文章主要介紹了Java線程池如何實現(xiàn)精準控制每秒API請求問題,具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助,如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教

Java中基于線程池實現(xiàn)指定每秒發(fā)送一定數(shù)量的API請求，可以使用ScheduledExecutorService來調度任務，同時使用ThreadPoolExecutor來處理并發(fā)請求，可以根據(jù)實際需求調整每秒請求數(shù)量、執(zhí)行時間、以及線程池大小。

實現(xiàn)思路

1.創(chuàng)建線程池

使用Executors.newScheduledThreadPool()來創(chuàng)建一個調度線程池
并使用Executors.newFixedThreadPool()來創(chuàng)建一個用于發(fā)送API請求的線程池

2.調度任務

使用ScheduledExecutorService來按固定速率調度任務。
通過控制任務的頻率，可以確保每秒發(fā)送指定數(shù)量的請求。

3.定義API請求任務

定義一個實現(xiàn)Runnable接口的類
負責執(zhí)行具體的API請求

4.控制請求速率

使用調度器每秒提交指定數(shù)量的任務到線程池中執(zhí)行。

引入依賴

    <!-- Apache HttpClient -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents.client5</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient5</artifactId>
        <version>5.2</version>
    </dependency>

實現(xiàn)代碼

import org.apache.hc.client5.http.classic.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.classic.methods.HttpUriRequestBase;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.impl.classic.HttpClients;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.hc.core5.http.io.entity.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class ApiRequestScheduler {

    // 定義線程池，用于并發(fā)發(fā)送API請求
    private final ExecutorService requestExecutor;

    // 定義調度線程池，用于定時調度請求任務
    private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;

    // 記錄已發(fā)送的請求數(shù)量
    private final AtomicInteger requestCounter;

    // 每秒發(fā)送的請求數(shù)量
    private final int requestsPerSecond;

    // Apache HttpClient 實例
    private final CloseableHttpClient httpClient;

    // API 請求的目標URL
    private final String apiUrl;

    // 構造函數(shù)，初始化線程池和調度器
    public ApiRequestScheduler(int requestsPerSecond, String apiUrl) {
        this.requestsPerSecond = requestsPerSecond;
        this.requestExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(requestsPerSecond);
        this.scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
        this.requestCounter = new AtomicInteger(0);
        this.httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        this.apiUrl = apiUrl;
    }

    // 開始調度API請求任務
    public void start() {
        // 每秒調度任務，按照每秒發(fā)送的請求數(shù)量來執(zhí)行
        scheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < requestsPerSecond; i++) {
                requestExecutor.submit(this::sendApiRequest);
            }
        }, 0, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    // 停止調度和關閉線程池及HttpClient
    public void stop() {
        scheduler.shutdown();
        requestExecutor.shutdown();
        try {
            if (!scheduler.awaitTermination(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                scheduler.shutdownNow();
            }
            if (!requestExecutor.awaitTermination(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
                requestExecutor.shutdownNow();
            }
            httpClient.close();
        } catch (InterruptedException | IOException e) {
            scheduler.shutdownNow();
            requestExecutor.shutdownNow();
            try {
                httpClient.close();
            } catch (IOException ioException) {
                ioException.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    // 使用Apache HttpClient發(fā)送API請求
    private void sendApiRequest() {
        int requestId = requestCounter.incrementAndGet();
        HttpUriRequestBase request = new HttpGet(apiUrl);
        System.out.println("Sending API request #" + requestId);

        try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request)) {
            String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
            System.out.println("Request #" + requestId + " completed with status: " + response.getCode() +
                    ", response: " + responseBody);
        } catch (IOException | ParseException e) {
            System.err.println("Request #" + requestId + " failed: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 每秒發(fā)送5個API請求，目標URL為http://example.com/api
        ApiRequestScheduler scheduler = new ApiRequestScheduler(5, "http://www.dzy.com/api");

        // 啟動調度器
        scheduler.start();

        // 運行10秒后停止調度器
        try {
            Thread.sleep(10000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }

        // 停止調度器
        scheduler.stop();
    }
}