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springboot如何開啟緩存@EnableCaching(使用redis)

更新時(shí)間：2024年11月07日 16:19:10 作者：阿勝yss

在Spring Boot項(xiàng)目中集成Redis主要包括添加依賴到pom.xml、配置application.yml中的Redis連接參數(shù)、編寫配置類、在啟動(dòng)類上添加@EnableCaching注解以及測(cè)試接口的查詢和緩存驗(yàn)證等步驟,首先,需要在pom.xml中添加spring-boot-starter-data-redis依賴

添加依賴 pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml 配置redis連參數(shù)

spring:
  # redis 配置
  redis:
    # 地址
    host: 127.0.0.1
    # 端口，默認(rèn)為6379
    port: 6379
    # 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)索引
    database: 2
    # 密碼
    password:
    # 連接超時(shí)時(shí)間
    timeout: 10s

配置類

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;


@Configuration
public class CacheConfig {

    /**
     * 最新版，設(shè)置redis緩存過期時(shí)間
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisCacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
        return new RedisCacheManager(
                RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory),
                this.getRedisCacheConfigurationWithTtl( 60) // 默認(rèn)策略，未配置的 key 會(huì)使用這個(gè)
        );
    }

    private RedisCacheConfiguration getRedisCacheConfigurationWithTtl(Integer seconds) {
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<>(Object.class);
        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
        RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();
        redisCacheConfiguration = redisCacheConfiguration.serializeValuesWith(
                RedisSerializationContext
                        .SerializationPair
                        .fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer)
        ).entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(seconds));
        return redisCacheConfiguration;
    }

}

啟動(dòng)類上加 @EnableCaching 注解

測(cè)試

1.接口查詢

2. 緩存查詢驗(yàn)證

@ApiOperation(value = "根據(jù)ID獲取詳情",notes = "查詢")
@Cacheable(cacheNames = "testaCache", key = "#id")
@RequestMapping(value = "/get/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public TestA get(@PathVariable Long id){
    log.info("進(jìn)行了mysql查詢");
    return testService.getById(id);
}

 @GetMapping("/get/redis/cache")
 @ApiOperation(value="查看redis緩存信息")
 public String getRedisCache(){
 	// 從IOC容器中通過類型獲取bean  
     RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager = SpringUtils.getBean(RedisCacheManager.class);
     // 從IOC容器中通過名稱獲取bean
     RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager2 = SpringUtils.getBean("cacheManager");
     Cache demoCache = redisCacheManager.getCache("testaCache");
     log.info(demoCache.get(78, TestA.class)+"");
     return demoCache.getName();
 }

SpringUtils.class

import org.springframework.aop.framework.AopContext;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public final class SpringUtils implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor, ApplicationContextAware 
{
    /** Spring應(yīng)用上下文環(huán)境 */
    private static ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory;

    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException 
    {
        SpringUtils.beanFactory = beanFactory;
    }

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException 
    {
        SpringUtils.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取對(duì)象
     *
     * @param name
     * @return Object 一個(gè)以所給名字注冊(cè)的bean的實(shí)例
     * @throws BeansException
     *
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> T getBean(String name) throws BeansException
    {
        return (T) beanFactory.getBean(name);
    }

    /**
     * 獲取類型為requiredType的對(duì)象
     *
     * @param clz
     * @return
     * @throws BeansException
     *
     */
    public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> clz) throws BeansException
    {
        T result = (T) beanFactory.getBean(clz);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 如果BeanFactory包含一個(gè)與所給名稱匹配的bean定義，則返回true
     *
     * @param name
     * @return boolean
     */
    public static boolean containsBean(String name)
    {
        return beanFactory.containsBean(name);
    }

    /**
     * 判斷以給定名字注冊(cè)的bean定義是一個(gè)singleton還是一個(gè)prototype。 如果與給定名字相應(yīng)的bean定義沒有被找到，將會(huì)拋出一個(gè)異常（NoSuchBeanDefinitionException）
     *
     * @param name
     * @return boolean
     * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
     *
     */
    public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
    {
        return beanFactory.isSingleton(name);
    }

    /**
     * @param name
     * @return Class 注冊(cè)對(duì)象的類型
     * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
     *
     */
    public static Class<?> getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
    {
        return beanFactory.getType(name);
    }

    /**
     * 如果給定的bean名字在bean定義中有別名，則返回這些別名
     *
     * @param name
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
     *
     */
    public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException
    {
        return beanFactory.getAliases(name);
    }

    /**
     * 獲取aop代理對(duì)象
     * 
     * @param invoker
     * @return
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> T getAopProxy(T invoker)
    {
        return (T) AopContext.currentProxy();
    }

    /**
     * 獲取當(dāng)前的環(huán)境配置，無(wú)配置返回null
     *
     * @return 當(dāng)前的環(huán)境配置
     */
    public static String[] getActiveProfiles()
    {
        return applicationContext.getEnvironment().getActiveProfiles();
    }

    /**
     * 獲取配置文件中的值
     *
     * @param key 配置文件的key
     * @return 當(dāng)前的配置文件的值
     *
     */
    public static String getRequiredProperty(String key)
    {
        return applicationContext.getEnvironment().getRequiredProperty(key);
    }
}