SpringSecurity在分布式環(huán)境下的使用流程分析

更新時(shí)間：2025年02月17日 10:59:21 作者：java小羅_江西南昌

文章介紹了Spring?Security在分布式環(huán)境下的使用,包括單點(diǎn)登錄（SSO）的概念、流程圖以及JWT（JSON?Web?Token）的生成和校驗(yàn),通過(guò)使用JWT和RSA非對(duì)稱(chēng)加密,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)安全的分布式認(rèn)證,感興趣的朋友一起看看吧

分布式認(rèn)證概念說(shuō)明

分布式認(rèn)證，即我們常說(shuō)的單點(diǎn)登錄，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)SSO，指的是在多應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的項(xiàng)目中，用戶(hù)只需要登錄一次，就可以訪(fǎng) 問(wèn)所有互相信任的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。

分布式認(rèn)證流程圖

首先，我們要明確，在分布式項(xiàng)目中，每臺(tái)服務(wù)器都有各自獨(dú)立的session，而這些session之間是無(wú)法直接共享資源的，所以，session通常不能被作為單點(diǎn)登錄的技術(shù)方案。最合理的單點(diǎn)登錄方案流程如下圖所示：

總結(jié)一下，單點(diǎn)登錄的實(shí)現(xiàn)分兩大環(huán)節(jié)：

**用戶(hù)認(rèn)證：**這一環(huán)節(jié)主要是用戶(hù)向認(rèn)證服務(wù)器發(fā)起認(rèn)證請(qǐng)求，認(rèn)證服務(wù)器給用戶(hù)返回一個(gè)成功的令牌token，主要在認(rèn)證服務(wù)器中完成，即圖中的A系統(tǒng)，注意A系統(tǒng)只能有一個(gè)。
**身份校驗(yàn)：**這一環(huán)節(jié)是用戶(hù)攜帶token去訪(fǎng)問(wèn)其他服務(wù)器時(shí)，在其他服務(wù)器中要對(duì)token的真?zhèn)芜M(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，主要在資源服務(wù)器中完成，即圖中的B系統(tǒng)，這里B系統(tǒng)可以有很多個(gè)。

JWT介紹

概念說(shuō)明

從分布式認(rèn)證流程中，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，這中間起最關(guān)鍵作用的就是token，token的安全與否，直接關(guān)系到系統(tǒng)的健壯性，這里我們選擇使用JWT來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)token的生成和校驗(yàn)。 JWT，全稱(chēng)JSON Web Token，官網(wǎng)地址https://jwt.io，是一款出色的分布式身份校驗(yàn)方案?？梢陨蓆oken，也可以解析檢驗(yàn)token。

JWT生成的token由三部分組成

頭部：主要設(shè)置一些規(guī)范信息，簽名部分的編碼格式就在頭部中聲明。
載荷：token中存放有效信息的部分，比如用戶(hù)名，用戶(hù)角色，過(guò)期時(shí)間等，但是不要放密碼，會(huì)泄露！
簽名：將頭部與載荷分別采用base64編碼后，用“.”相連，再加入鹽，最后使用頭部聲明的編碼類(lèi)型進(jìn)行編碼，就得到了簽名。【通過(guò)隨機(jī)鹽在進(jìn)行加密】

JWT生成token的安全性分析

從JWT生成的token組成上來(lái)看，要想避免token被偽造，主要就得看簽名部分了，而簽名部分又有三部分組成，其中頭部和載荷的base64編碼，幾乎是透明的，毫無(wú)安全性可言，那么最終守護(hù)token安全的重?fù)?dān)就落在了加入的鹽上面了！

試想：如果生成token所用的鹽與解析token時(shí)加入的鹽是一樣的。豈不是類(lèi)似于中國(guó)人民銀行把人民幣防偽技術(shù) 公開(kāi)了？大家可以用這個(gè)鹽來(lái)解析token，就能用來(lái)偽造token。這時(shí)，我們就需要對(duì)鹽采用非對(duì)稱(chēng)加密的方式進(jìn)行加密，以達(dá)到生成token與校驗(yàn)token方所用的鹽不一致的安全效果！

非對(duì)稱(chēng)加密RSA介紹

**基本原理：**同時(shí)生成兩把密鑰：私鑰和公鑰，私鑰隱秘保存，公鑰可以下發(fā)給信任客戶(hù)端
私鑰加密，持有私鑰或公鑰才可以解密
公鑰加密，持有私鑰才可解密
優(yōu)點(diǎn)：安全，難以破解
缺點(diǎn)：算法比較耗時(shí)，為了安全，可以接受
歷史：三位數(shù)學(xué)家Rivest、Shamir 和 Adleman 設(shè)計(jì)了一種算法，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)非對(duì)稱(chēng)加密。這種算法用他們?nèi)?個(gè)人的名字縮寫(xiě)：RSA。

【總結(jié)】：也就是說(shuō)，我們加密信息的時(shí)候，使用的是公鑰，而驗(yàn)證token真?zhèn)蔚臅r(shí)候，使用的是公鑰

JWT相關(guān)工具類(lèi)

jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
    <version>0.10.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
    <version>0.10.7</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
    <version>0.10.7</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

載荷對(duì)象

/**
* 為了方便后期獲取token中的用戶(hù)信息，將token中載荷部分單獨(dú)封裝成一個(gè)對(duì)象
*/
@Data
public class Payload<T> {
}

JWT工具類(lèi)

/**
 * 生成token以及校驗(yàn)token相關(guān)方法
 */
public class JwtUtils {
    private static final String JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY = "user";
    /**
     * 私鑰加密token
     *
     * @param userInfo   載荷中的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param privateKey 私鑰
     * @param expire     過(guò)期時(shí)間，單位分鐘
     * @return JWT
     */
    public static String generateTokenExpireInMinutes(Object userInfo, PrivateKey privateKey, int expire) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .claim(JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY, JsonUtils.toString(userInfo))
                .setId(createJTI())
                .setExpiration(DateTime.now().plusMinutes(expire).toDate())
                .signWith(privateKey, SignatureAlgorithm.RS256)
                .compact();
    }
    /**
     * 私鑰加密token
     *
     * @param userInfo   載荷中的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param privateKey 私鑰
     * @param expire     過(guò)期時(shí)間，單位秒
     * @return JWT
     */
    public static String generateTokenExpireInSeconds(Object userInfo, PrivateKey privateKey, int expire) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .claim(JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY, JsonUtils.toString(userInfo))
                .setId(createJTI())
                .setExpiration(DateTime.now().plusSeconds(expire).toDate())
                .signWith(privateKey, SignatureAlgorithm.RS256)
                .compact();
    }
    /**
     * 公鑰解析token
     *
     * @param token     用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求中的token
     * @param publicKey 公鑰
     * @return Jws<Claims>
     */
    private static Jws<Claims> parserToken(String token, PublicKey publicKey) {
        return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(publicKey).parseClaimsJws(token);
    }
    private static String createJTI() {
        return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(UUID.randomUUID().toString().getBytes()));
    }
    /**
     * 獲取token中的用戶(hù)信息
     *
     * @param token     用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求中的令牌
     * @param publicKey 公鑰
     * @return 用戶(hù)信息
     */
    public static <T> Payload<T> getInfoFromToken(String token, PublicKey publicKey, Class<T> userType) {
        Jws<Claims> claimsJws = parserToken(token, publicKey);
        Claims body = claimsJws.getBody();
        Payload<T> claims = new Payload<>();
        claims.setId(body.getId());
        claims.setUserInfo(JsonUtils.toBean(body.get(JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY).toString(), userType));
        claims.setExpiration(body.getExpiration());
        return claims;
    }
    /**
     * 獲取token中的載荷信息
     *
     * @param token     用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求中的令牌
     * @param publicKey 公鑰
     * @return 用戶(hù)信息
     */
    public static <T> Payload<T> getInfoFromToken(String token, PublicKey publicKey) {
        Jws<Claims> claimsJws = parserToken(token, publicKey);
        Claims body = claimsJws.getBody();
        Payload<T> claims = new Payload<>();
        claims.setId(body.getId());
        claims.setExpiration(body.getExpiration());
        return claims;
    }
}

RSA工具類(lèi)

非對(duì)稱(chēng)加密工具列

public class RsaUtils {
    private static final int DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE = 2048;
    /**
     * 從文件中讀取公鑰
     *
     * @param filename 公鑰保存路徑，相對(duì)于classpath
     * @return 公鑰對(duì)象
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static PublicKey getPublicKey(String filename) throws Exception {
        byte[] bytes = readFile(filename);
        return getPublicKey(bytes);
    }
    /**
     * 從文件中讀取密鑰
     *
     * @param filename 私鑰保存路徑，相對(duì)于classpath
     * @return 私鑰對(duì)象
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String filename) throws Exception {
        byte[] bytes = readFile(filename);
        return getPrivateKey(bytes);
    }
    /**
     * 獲取公鑰
     *
     * @param bytes 公鑰的字節(jié)形式
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static PublicKey getPublicKey(byte[] bytes) throws Exception {
        bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(bytes);
        X509EncodedKeySpec spec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(bytes);
        KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        return factory.generatePublic(spec);
    }
    /**
     * 獲取密鑰
     *
     * @param bytes 私鑰的字節(jié)形式
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(byte[] bytes) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(bytes);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec spec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(bytes);
        KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        return factory.generatePrivate(spec);
    }
    /**
     * 根據(jù)密文，生存rsa公鑰和私鑰,并寫(xiě)入指定文件
     *
     * @param publicKeyFilename  公鑰文件路徑
     * @param privateKeyFilename 私鑰文件路徑
     * @param secret             生成密鑰的密文
     */
    public static void generateKey(String publicKeyFilename, String privateKeyFilename, String secret, int keySize) throws Exception {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(secret.getBytes());
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(Math.max(keySize, DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE), secureRandom);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.genKeyPair();
        // 獲取公鑰并寫(xiě)出
        byte[] publicKeyBytes = keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded();
        publicKeyBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode(publicKeyBytes);
        writeFile(publicKeyFilename, publicKeyBytes);
        // 獲取私鑰并寫(xiě)出
        byte[] privateKeyBytes = keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded();
        privateKeyBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode(privateKeyBytes);
        writeFile(privateKeyFilename, privateKeyBytes);
    }
    private static byte[] readFile(String fileName) throws Exception {
        return Files.readAllBytes(new File(fileName).toPath());
    }
    private static void writeFile(String destPath, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
        File dest = new File(destPath);
        if (!dest.exists()) {
            dest.createNewFile();
        }
        Files.write(dest.toPath(), bytes);
    }
}

SpringSecurity+JWT+RSA分布式認(rèn)證思路分析

SpringSecurity主要是通過(guò)過(guò)濾器來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)功能的！我們要找到SpringSecurity實(shí)現(xiàn)認(rèn)證和校驗(yàn)身份的過(guò)濾器！回顧集中式認(rèn)證流程

用戶(hù)認(rèn)證

使用UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter過(guò)濾器中attemptAuthentication方法實(shí)現(xiàn)認(rèn)證功能，該過(guò)濾器父類(lèi)中successfulAuthentication方法實(shí)現(xiàn)認(rèn)證成功后的操作。

身份校驗(yàn)

使用BasicAuthenticationFilter過(guò)濾器中doFilterInternal方法驗(yàn)證是否登錄，以決定能否進(jìn)入后續(xù)過(guò)濾器。分析分布式認(rèn)證流程

用戶(hù)認(rèn)證

由于，分布式項(xiàng)目，多數(shù)是前后端分離的架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，我們要滿(mǎn)足可以接受異步post的認(rèn)證請(qǐng)求參數(shù)，需要修改UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter過(guò)濾器中attemptAuthentication方法，讓其能夠接收請(qǐng)求體。

另外，默認(rèn)successfulAuthentication方法在認(rèn)證通過(guò)后，是把用戶(hù)信息直接放入session就完事了，現(xiàn)在我們需要修改這個(gè)方法，在認(rèn)證通過(guò)后生成token并返回給用戶(hù)。

身份校驗(yàn)

原來(lái)BasicAuthenticationFilter過(guò)濾器中doFilterInternal方法校驗(yàn)用戶(hù)是否登錄，就是看session中是否有用戶(hù)信息，我們要修改為，驗(yàn)證用戶(hù)攜帶的token是否合法，并解析出用戶(hù)信息，交給SpringSecurity，以便于后續(xù)的授權(quán)功能可以正常使用。

SpringSecurity+JWT+RSA分布式認(rèn)證實(shí)現(xiàn)

創(chuàng)建父工程并導(dǎo)入jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot_security_jwt_rsa_parent</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>heima_common</module>
        <module>heima_auth_server</module>
        <module>heima_source_product</module>
    </modules>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
</project>

通用模塊

創(chuàng)建通用子模塊并導(dǎo)入JWT相關(guān)jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springboot_security_jwt_rsa_parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>heima_common</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
            <version>0.10.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
            <version>0.10.7</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
            <version>0.10.7</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--jackson包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--日志包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

導(dǎo)入工具類(lèi)

工具類(lèi)如下

Payload.java

/**
 * 為了方便后期獲取token中的用戶(hù)信息，將token中載荷部分單獨(dú)封裝成一個(gè)對(duì)象
 */
@Data
public class Payload<T> {
    private String id;
    private T userInfo;
    private Date expiration;
}

JsonUtil.java

public class JsonUtils {
    public static final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JsonUtils.class);
    public static String toString(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return null;
        }
        if (obj.getClass() == String.class) {
            return (String) obj;
        }
        try {
            return mapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
            logger.error("json序列化出錯(cuò)：" + obj, e);
            return null;
        }
    }
    public static <T> T toBean(String json, Class<T> tClass) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(json, tClass);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("json解析出錯(cuò)：" + json, e);
            return null;
        }
    }
    public static <E> List<E> toList(String json, Class<E> eClass) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(json, mapper.getTypeFactory().constructCollectionType(List.class, eClass));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("json解析出錯(cuò)：" + json, e);
            return null;
        }
    }
    public static <K, V> Map<K, V> toMap(String json, Class<K> kClass, Class<V> vClass) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(json, mapper.getTypeFactory().constructMapType(Map.class, kClass, vClass));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("json解析出錯(cuò)：" + json, e);
            return null;
        }
    }
    public static <T> T nativeRead(String json, TypeReference<T> type) {
        try {
            return mapper.readValue(json, type);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("json解析出錯(cuò)：" + json, e);
            return null;
        }
    }
}

jwtUitls.java

public class JwtUtils {
    private static final String JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY = "user";
    /**
     * 私鑰加密token
     *
     * @param userInfo   載荷中的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param privateKey 私鑰
     * @param expire     過(guò)期時(shí)間，單位分鐘
     * @return JWT
     */
    public static String generateTokenExpireInMinutes(Object userInfo, PrivateKey privateKey, int expire) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .claim(JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY, JsonUtils.toString(userInfo))
                .setId(createJTI())
                .setExpiration(DateTime.now().plusMinutes(expire).toDate())
                .signWith(privateKey, SignatureAlgorithm.RS256)
                .compact();
    }
    /**
     * 私鑰加密token
     *
     * @param userInfo   載荷中的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param privateKey 私鑰
     * @param expire     過(guò)期時(shí)間，單位秒
     * @return JWT
     */
    public static String generateTokenExpireInSeconds(Object userInfo, PrivateKey privateKey, int expire) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .claim(JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY, JsonUtils.toString(userInfo))
                .setId(createJTI())
                .setExpiration(DateTime.now().plusSeconds(expire).toDate())
                .signWith(privateKey, SignatureAlgorithm.RS256)
                .compact();
    }
    /**
     * 公鑰解析token
     *
     * @param token     用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求中的token
     * @param publicKey 公鑰
     * @return Jws<Claims>
     */
    private static Jws<Claims> parserToken(String token, PublicKey publicKey) {
        return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(publicKey).parseClaimsJws(token);
    }
    private static String createJTI() {
        return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(UUID.randomUUID().toString().getBytes()));
    }
    /**
     * 獲取token中的用戶(hù)信息
     *
     * @param token     用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求中的令牌
     * @param publicKey 公鑰
     * @return 用戶(hù)信息
     */
    public static <T> Payload<T> getInfoFromToken(String token, PublicKey publicKey, Class<T> userType) {
        Jws<Claims> claimsJws = parserToken(token, publicKey);
        Claims body = claimsJws.getBody();
        Payload<T> claims = new Payload<>();
        claims.setId(body.getId());
        claims.setUserInfo(JsonUtils.toBean(body.get(JWT_PAYLOAD_USER_KEY).toString(), userType));
        claims.setExpiration(body.getExpiration());
        return claims;
    }
    /**
     * 獲取token中的載荷信息
     *
     * @param token     用戶(hù)請(qǐng)求中的令牌
     * @param publicKey 公鑰
     * @return 用戶(hù)信息
     */
    public static <T> Payload<T> getInfoFromToken(String token, PublicKey publicKey) {
        Jws<Claims> claimsJws = parserToken(token, publicKey);
        Claims body = claimsJws.getBody();
        Payload<T> claims = new Payload<>();
        claims.setId(body.getId());
        claims.setExpiration(body.getExpiration());
        return claims;
    }
}

RsaUtils.java

public class RsaUtils {
    private static final int DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE = 2048;
    /**
     * 從文件中讀取公鑰
     *
     * @param filename 公鑰保存路徑，相對(duì)于classpath
     * @return 公鑰對(duì)象
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static PublicKey getPublicKey(String filename) throws Exception {
        byte[] bytes = readFile(filename);
        return getPublicKey(bytes);
    }
    /**
     * 從文件中讀取密鑰
     *
     * @param filename 私鑰保存路徑，相對(duì)于classpath
     * @return 私鑰對(duì)象
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String filename) throws Exception {
        byte[] bytes = readFile(filename);
        return getPrivateKey(bytes);
    }
    /**
     * 獲取公鑰
     *
     * @param bytes 公鑰的字節(jié)形式
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static PublicKey getPublicKey(byte[] bytes) throws Exception {
        bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(bytes);
        X509EncodedKeySpec spec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(bytes);
        KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        return factory.generatePublic(spec);
    }
    /**
     * 獲取密鑰
     *
     * @param bytes 私鑰的字節(jié)形式
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(byte[] bytes) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        bytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(bytes);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec spec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(bytes);
        KeyFactory factory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        return factory.generatePrivate(spec);
    }
    /**
     * 根據(jù)密文，生存rsa公鑰和私鑰,并寫(xiě)入指定文件
     *
     * @param publicKeyFilename  公鑰文件路徑
     * @param privateKeyFilename 私鑰文件路徑
     * @param secret             生成密鑰的密文
     */
    public static void generateKey(String publicKeyFilename, String privateKeyFilename, String secret, int keySize) throws Exception {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(secret.getBytes());
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(Math.max(keySize, DEFAULT_KEY_SIZE), secureRandom);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.genKeyPair();
        // 獲取公鑰并寫(xiě)出
        byte[] publicKeyBytes = keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded();
        publicKeyBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode(publicKeyBytes);
        writeFile(publicKeyFilename, publicKeyBytes);
        // 獲取私鑰并寫(xiě)出
        byte[] privateKeyBytes = keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded();
        privateKeyBytes = Base64.getEncoder().encode(privateKeyBytes);
        writeFile(privateKeyFilename, privateKeyBytes);
    }
    private static byte[] readFile(String fileName) throws Exception {
        return Files.readAllBytes(new File(fileName).toPath());
    }
    private static void writeFile(String destPath, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
        File dest = new File(destPath);
        if (!dest.exists()) {
            dest.createNewFile();
        }
        Files.write(dest.toPath(), bytes);
    }
}

在通用子模塊中編寫(xiě)測(cè)試類(lèi)生成rsa公鑰和私鑰

public class RsaUtilsTest {
    private String publicFile = "D:\\auth_key\\rsa_key.pub";
    private String privateFile = "D:\\auth_key\\rsa_key";
    @Test
    public void generateKey() throws Exception {
    	RsaUtils.generateKey(publicFile, privateFile, "heima", 2048);
    }
}

執(zhí)行后查看D:\auth_key目錄發(fā)現(xiàn)私鑰和公鑰文件生成成功

認(rèn)證服務(wù)

創(chuàng)建認(rèn)證服務(wù)工程并導(dǎo)入jar包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springboot_security_jwt_rsa_parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>heima_auth_server</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
            <artifactId>heima_common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

創(chuàng)建認(rèn)證服務(wù)配置文件

server:
  port: 9001
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///security_authority
    username: root
    password: root
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.itheima.domain
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
logging:
  level:
    com.itheima: debug
rsa:
  key:
    pubKeyFile: D:\auth_key\id_key_rsa.pub
    priKeyFile: D:\auth_key\id_key_rsa

提供解析公鑰和私鑰的配置類(lèi)

@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "heima.key")
public class RsaKeyProperties {
    private String pubKeyPath;
    private String priKeyPath;
    private PublicKey publicKey;
    private PrivateKey privateKey;
    @PostConstruct
    public void loadKey() throws Exception {
        publicKey = RsaUtils.getPublicKey(pubKeyPath);
        privateKey = RsaUtils.getPrivateKey(priKeyPath);
    }
}

創(chuàng)建認(rèn)證服務(wù)啟動(dòng)類(lèi)

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.itheima.mapper")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RsaKeyProperties.class)
public class AuthApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	SpringApplication.run(AuthApplication.class, args);
    }
}

將上面集中式案例中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)認(rèn)證相關(guān)代碼復(fù)制到認(rèn)證服務(wù)中

需要復(fù)制的代碼如果所示：

注意這里要去掉mapper中繼承的通用mapper接口，處理器類(lèi)上換成@RestController，這里前后端絕對(duì)分離，不能再跳轉(zhuǎn)頁(yè)面了，要返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)。

public class JwtLoginFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    private RsaKeyProperties prop;
    public JwtLoginFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager, RsaKeyProperties prop) {
        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
        this.prop = prop;
    }
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
        try {
            SysUser sysUser = new ObjectMapper().readValue(request.getInputStream(), SysUser.class);
            UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(sysUser.getUsername(), sysUser.getPassword());
            return authenticationManager.authenticate(authRequest);
        }catch (Exception e){
            try {
                response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
                PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
                Map resultMap = new HashMap();
                resultMap.put("code", HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
                resultMap.put("msg", "用戶(hù)名或密碼錯(cuò)誤！");
                out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(resultMap));
                out.flush();
                out.close();
            }catch (Exception outEx){
                outEx.printStackTrace();
            }
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    public void successfulAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain, Authentication authResult) throws IOException, ServletException {
        SysUser user = new SysUser();
        user.setUsername(authResult.getName());
        user.setRoles((List<SysRole>) authResult.getAuthorities());
        String token = JwtUtils.generateTokenExpireInMinutes(user, prop.getPrivateKey(), 24 * 60);
        response.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer "+token);
        try {
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            Map resultMap = new HashMap();
            resultMap.put("code", HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
            resultMap.put("msg", "認(rèn)證通過(guò)！");
            out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(resultMap));
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        }catch (Exception outEx){
            outEx.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

編寫(xiě)檢驗(yàn)token過(guò)濾器

public class JwtVerifyFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {
    private RsaKeyProperties prop;
    public JwtVerifyFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager, RsaKeyProperties prop) {
        super(authenticationManager);
        this.prop = prop;
    }
    public void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        String header = request.getHeader("Authorization");
        if (header == null || !header.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
            //如果攜帶錯(cuò)誤的token，則給用戶(hù)提示請(qǐng)登錄！
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
            response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN);
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            Map resultMap = new HashMap();
            resultMap.put("code", HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN);
            resultMap.put("msg", "請(qǐng)登錄！");
            out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(resultMap));
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        } else {
            //如果攜帶了正確格式的token要先得到token
            String token = header.replace("Bearer ", "");
            //驗(yàn)證tken是否正確
            Payload<SysUser> payload = JwtUtils.getInfoFromToken(token, prop.getPublicKey(), SysUser.class);
            SysUser user = payload.getUserInfo();
            if(user!=null){
                UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authResult = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getUsername(), null, user.getAuthorities());
                SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authResult);
                chain.doFilter(request, response);
            }
        }
    }
}

編寫(xiě)SpringSecurity配置類(lèi)

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(securedEnabled=true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @Autowired
    private RsaKeyProperties prop;
    @Bean
    public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    //指定認(rèn)證對(duì)象的來(lái)源
    public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }
    //SpringSecurity配置信息
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf()
            .disable()
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/product").hasAnyRole("USER")
            .anyRequest()
            .authenticated()
            .and()
            .addFilter(new JwtLoginFilter(super.authenticationManager(), prop))
            .addFilter(new JwtVerifyFilter(super.authenticationManager(), prop))
            .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    }
}

啟動(dòng)測(cè)試認(rèn)證服務(wù)

認(rèn)證請(qǐng)求

認(rèn)證通過(guò)結(jié)果

token在Headers中：

驗(yàn)證認(rèn)證請(qǐng)求

資源服務(wù)

說(shuō)明

資源服務(wù)可以有很多個(gè)，這里只拿產(chǎn)品服務(wù)為例，記住，資源服務(wù)中只能通過(guò)公鑰驗(yàn)證認(rèn)證。不能簽發(fā)token！

創(chuàng)建產(chǎn)品服務(wù)并導(dǎo)入jar包

根據(jù)實(shí)際業(yè)務(wù)導(dǎo)包即可，咱們就暫時(shí)和認(rèn)證服務(wù)一樣了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springboot_security_jwt_rsa_parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>heima_source_product</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
            <artifactId>heima_common</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

編寫(xiě)產(chǎn)品服務(wù)配置文件

切記這里只能有公鑰地址！

server:
  port: 9002
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql:///security_authority
    username: root
    password: root
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.itheima.domain
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
logging:
  level:
    com.itheima: debug
rsa:
  key:
    pubKeyFile: D:\auth_key\id_key_rsa.pub

編寫(xiě)讀取公鑰的配置類(lèi)

@ConfigurationProperties("rsa.key")
public class RsaKeyProperties {
    private String pubKeyFile;
    private PublicKey publicKey;
    @PostConstruct
    public void createRsaKey() throws Exception {
        publicKey = RsaUtils.getPublicKey(pubKeyFile);
    }
    public String getPubKeyFile() {
        return pubKeyFile;
    }
    public void setPubKeyFile(String pubKeyFile) {
        this.pubKeyFile = pubKeyFile;
    }
    public PublicKey getPublicKey() {
        return publicKey;
    }
    public void setPublicKey(PublicKey publicKey) {
        this.publicKey = publicKey;
    }
}

編寫(xiě)啟動(dòng)類(lèi)

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.itheima.mapper")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(RsaKeyProperties.class)
public class AuthSourceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(AuthSourceApplication.class, args);
    }
}

復(fù)制認(rèn)證服務(wù)中，用戶(hù)對(duì)象，角色對(duì)象和校驗(yàn)認(rèn)證的接口

這時(shí)目錄結(jié)構(gòu)如圖：

復(fù)制認(rèn)證服務(wù)中SpringSecurity配置類(lèi)做修改，去掉“增加自定義認(rèn)證過(guò)濾器”即可！

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(securedEnabled=true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    private RsaKeyProperties prop;
    //SpringSecurity配置信息
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf()
            .disable()
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/product").hasAnyRole("USER")
            .anyRequest()
            .authenticated()
            .and()
            .addFilter(new JwtVerifyFilter(super.authenticationManager(), prop))
            .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
    }
}

編寫(xiě)產(chǎn)品處理器

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
public class ProductController {
    @GetMapping
    public String findAll(){
    	return "產(chǎn)品測(cè)試成功！";
    }
}

啟動(dòng)產(chǎn)品服務(wù)做測(cè)試

攜帶token

在產(chǎn)品處理器上添加訪(fǎng)問(wèn)需要ADMIN角色

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/product")
public class ProductController {
    @Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")
    @GetMapping
    public String findAll(){
    	return "產(chǎn)品測(cè)試成功！";
    }
}

重啟測(cè)試權(quán)限不足