// file1.cpp
#include <iostream>
// 靜態(tài)全局變量
static int staticGlobalVar = 10; 
// 普通全局變量
int globalVar = 20; 
void printStaticGlobalVar() {
    std::cout << "Static global variable: " << staticGlobalVar << std::endl;
}
// file2.cpp
#include <iostream>
// extern int staticGlobalVar; // 錯(cuò)誤，無(wú)法在其他文件中訪問(wèn)靜態(tài)全局變量
extern int globalVar;
int main() {
    // std::cout << staticGlobalVar << std::endl; // 錯(cuò)誤
    std::cout << "Global variable: " << globalVar << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
void staticLocalVariableExample() {
    static int staticLocalVar = 0; // 靜態(tài)局部變量
    int normalLocalVar = 0; // 普通局部變量
    std::cout << "Static local variable: " << staticLocalVar << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Normal local variable: " << normalLocalVar << std::endl;
    staticLocalVar++;
    normalLocalVar++;
}
int main() {
    staticLocalVariableExample();
    staticLocalVariableExample();
    return 0;
}

// file1.cpp
#include <iostream>
// 靜態(tài)函數(shù)
static void staticFunction() {
    std::cout << "This is a static function." << std::endl;
}
// 普通函數(shù)
void normalFunction() {
    std::cout << "This is a normal function." << std::endl;
}
// file2.cpp
#include <iostream>
// extern void staticFunction(); // 錯(cuò)誤，無(wú)法在其他文件中調(diào)用靜態(tài)函數(shù)
extern void normalFunction();
int main() {
    // staticFunction(); // 錯(cuò)誤
    normalFunction();
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
class MyClass {
public:
    static int staticMemberVar; // 類內(nèi)聲明靜態(tài)成員變量
    int normalMemberVar;
    MyClass(int value) : normalMemberVar(value) {}
};
// 類外初始化靜態(tài)成員變量
int MyClass::staticMemberVar = 0; 
int main() {
    MyClass obj1(10);
    MyClass obj2(20);
    obj1.staticMemberVar = 30;
    std::cout << "obj2.staticMemberVar: " << obj2.staticMemberVar << std::endl; // 輸出 30
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
class MyClass {
public:
    static int staticMemberVar;
    int normalMemberVar;
    static void staticMemberFunction() {
        staticMemberVar = 10; // 可以訪問(wèn)靜態(tài)成員變量
        // normalMemberVar = 20; // 錯(cuò)誤，不能訪問(wèn)非靜態(tài)成員變量
        std::cout << "Static member function called. staticMemberVar: " << staticMemberVar << std::endl;
    }
};
int MyClass::staticMemberVar = 0;
int main() {
    MyClass::staticMemberFunction(); // 通過(guò)類名調(diào)用靜態(tài)成員函數(shù)
    MyClass obj;
    obj.staticMemberFunction(); // 通過(guò)對(duì)象調(diào)用靜態(tài)成員函數(shù)
    return 0;
}