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C#通過進(jìn)程調(diào)用外部應(yīng)用的實現(xiàn)示例

更新時間：2025年05月13日 09:30:20 作者：MoFe1

本文主要介紹了C#通過進(jìn)程調(diào)用外部應(yīng)用的實現(xiàn)示例,以WINFORM應(yīng)用程序為例,在C#應(yīng)用程序中調(diào)用PYTHON程序,具有一定的參考價值,感興趣的可以了解一下

窗口程序類

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace MyForm
{
    public partial class Form2 : DevComponents.DotNetBar.Office2007Form
    {
        private static log4net.ILog log = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(Form2));
        [DllImport("shell32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr ShellExecute(IntPtr hwnd, string lpOperation, string lpFile, string lpParameters, string lpDirectory, Int32 nShowCmd);
        private string pyFileName = @"code.py";
        //需要在生成完文件后修改該參數(shù)值為生成的文件絕對路徑
        private string pyParamsfilePath = @"pyParams.dat";
        private string args = "-u";
        private string dataType = "";
        public delegate void UpdateUI();//委托用于更新UI
        Process p = null;//接收python程序進(jìn)程，用于控制進(jìn)程
        Thread startload;//線程用于matplotlib窗體處理
        IntPtr figure1;//圖像句柄
        #region 繪圖事件Windows API調(diào)用
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr SetParent(IntPtr hWndChild, IntPtr hWndNewParent);
        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int MoveWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, bool BRePaint);

        const int GWL_STYLE = -16;
        //const int WS_CAPTION = 0x00C00000;
        const int WS_CAPTION = 0x00CC0000;
        const int WS_THICKFRAME = 0x00040000;
        const int WS_SYSMENU = 0X00080000;
        [DllImport("user32")]
        private static extern int GetWindowLong(System.IntPtr hwnd, int nIndex);

        [DllImport("user32")]
        private static extern int SetWindowLong(System.IntPtr hwnd, int index, int newLong);
        [DllImport("user32")]
        private static extern int InvalidateRect(System.IntPtr hwnd, object rect, bool bErase);
        /// <summary>最大化窗口，最小化窗口，正常大小窗口
        /// nCmdShow:0隱藏,3最大化,6最小化，5正常顯示
        /// </summary>
        [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "ShowWindow")]
        public static extern int ShowWindow(IntPtr hwnd, int nCmdShow);
        #endregion
        /// <summary>
        /// 繪制圖形按鈕點擊事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Draw3D(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Create3DChart("Z");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 創(chuàng)建3D圖形
        /// </summary>
        private void Create3DChart(string drawDataType)
        {
            if (processInfo.process != null)
            {//如果python程序進(jìn)程不為null
                if (!processInfo.process.HasExited)
                {//如果當(dāng)前進(jìn)程沒有被終止，未終止時值為false，終止時值為true
                    processInfo.process.Kill();
                }

            }
            dataType = drawDataType;
            //實例化線程，用來初次調(diào)用matlab，并把圖像窗體放到winform
            startload = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunPythonScript));
            //開始線程
            startload.Start();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 關(guān)閉窗口時結(jié)束進(jìn)程
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        public void Close3DChart(object sender, FormClosedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (processInfo.process != null)
            {//如果python程序進(jìn)程不為null
                if (!processInfo.process.HasExited)
                {//如果當(dāng)前進(jìn)程沒有被終止，未終止時值為false，終止時值為true
                    processInfo.process.Kill();
                }

            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 調(diào)用python腳本繪制3D圖形
        /// </summary>
        public void RunPythonScript()
        {

            log.Info($"開始繪圖線程---{DateTime.Now.ToString()}");
            int count50ms = 0;
            //獲取python的絕對路徑（將文件放在c#程序的debug文件夾中可以這樣操作）
            string path = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + pyFileName;
            //創(chuàng)建進(jìn)程
            Process process = new Process();
            //沒有配置環(huán)境變量的話，可以寫python.exe的絕對路徑，如果配置了，直接寫"python.exe"即可
            process.StartInfo.FileName = SystemConfigClass.PythonPath;
            //設(shè)置python文件路徑參數(shù)
            string sArguments = path;
            //設(shè)置執(zhí)行方式參數(shù)
            sArguments += " " + dataType;
            sArguments += " " + Application.StartupPath + "\\" + pyParamsfilePath;
            sArguments += " " + args;
            log.Info($"繪圖參數(shù)---{DateTime.Now.ToString()}:{sArguments}");
            process.StartInfo.Arguments = sArguments;//設(shè)置命令行自變量
            process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = true;//設(shè)置直接從可執(zhí)行文件創(chuàng)建進(jìn)程
            //process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;//設(shè)置應(yīng)用程序輸出寫入進(jìn)程（程序輸出可在c#控制臺顯示） 調(diào)試時使用
            //process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;//設(shè)置應(yīng)用程序輸入讀取進(jìn)程（程序輸入可讀取進(jìn)程輸入）    調(diào)試時使用
            //process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;//設(shè)置應(yīng)用程序錯誤信息寫入進(jìn)程（程序錯誤輸出可在c#控制臺顯示）  調(diào)試時使用
            process.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;//設(shè)置新窗口啟動進(jìn)程
            process.StartInfo.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;//設(shè)置窗口隱藏啟動

            processInfo.process = process;


            process.Start();//進(jìn)程開始

            //process.BeginOutputReadLine();//在Process.StandardOutput異步讀取數(shù)據(jù) 調(diào)試時使用
            //process.OutputDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(process_OutputDataReceived);   //調(diào)試時使用

            figure1 = IntPtr.Zero;
            //循環(huán)查找figure1窗體
            while (figure1 == IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                //查找matplotlib的Figure 1窗體，安裝PYQT組件后，查找類名Qt652QWindowIcon，未安裝查找類名TkTopLevel
                figure1 = FindWindow("Qt652QWindowIcon", "Figure 1");

                //延時50ms
                Thread.Sleep(50);
                count50ms++;
                //20s超時設(shè)置
                if (count50ms >= 400)
                {
                    //label1.Text = "matplotlib資源加載時間過長！";
                    return;
                }
            }

            //跨線程，用委托方式執(zhí)行
            UpdateUI update = delegate
            {

                ShowWindow(figure1, 0);
                //隱藏標(biāo)簽
                //label1.Visible = false;
                //設(shè)置matlab圖像窗體的父窗體為panel
                SetParent(figure1, PlotPanel.Handle);
                //獲取窗體原來的風(fēng)格
                var style = GetWindowLong(figure1, GWL_STYLE);
                //設(shè)置新風(fēng)格，去掉標(biāo)題,不能通過邊框改變尺寸
                SetWindowLong(figure1, GWL_STYLE, style & ~WS_CAPTION & ~WS_THICKFRAME);

                //移動到panel里合適的位置并重繪
                MoveWindow(figure1, 0, 0, PlotPanel.Width, PlotPanel.Height, true);
                //調(diào)用顯示窗體函數(shù)，隱藏再顯示相當(dāng)于刷新一下窗體

                ShowWindow(figure1, 5);
            };
            PlotPanel.Invoke(update);
            //再移動一次，防止顯示錯誤
            Thread.Sleep(100);
            MoveWindow(figure1, 0, 0, PlotPanel.Width, PlotPanel.Height, true);


            //process.WaitForExit();//等待退出
        }
    }
}

進(jìn)程信息類

    /// <summary>
    /// 進(jìn)程信息類
    /// </summary>
    public static class processInfo {
        public static Process process { get; set; } = null;
    }

系統(tǒng)設(shè)置類

    /// <summary>
    /// 系統(tǒng)設(shè)置類
    /// </summary>
    public static class SystemConfigClass { 
        public static string PythonPath { get; set; } = @"D:\Python\python.exe";
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dataFilePath>Application.StartupPath + "\\SystemConfig.DAT"</param>
        public static void SetSystemConfig(string dataFilePath) {
            if (File.Exists(dataFilePath))
            { //如果文件存在 刪除文件后保存文件
                string content = "";
                using (StreamReader dataFile = new StreamReader(dataFilePath))
                {
                    while ((content = dataFile.ReadLine()) != null)
                    {
                        content = content.ToString();
                        var tempArr = content.Split("^".ToCharArray()).ToList();
                        if (tempArr != null && tempArr.Count == 2) {
                            SystemConfigClass.PythonPath = tempArr[1];
                        }
                        else {
                            SystemConfigClass.PythonPath = @"D:\Python\python.exe";
                        }
                    }
                    dataFile.Close();
                    dataFile.Dispose();
                };
            }
            
        }
    }

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