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docker?run?-d和docker?run?-it的區(qū)別詳解

更新時間：2023年05月31日 09:15:38 作者：RedCong

記得第一次接觸docker的時候,教程中寫著docker?run?-it之類的命令,當(dāng)時對這個-it選項是一知半解,下面這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于docker?run?-d和docker?run?-it的區(qū)別的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

docker run -it

i : interactive 代表交互
-t : tty 分配偽 TTY

測試不帶前臺進程的，例如centos/ubuntu

> docker run -it ubuntu
root@a30a87e0e065:/# exit
exit
> docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)容器已經(jīng)退出了

> docker run -it ubuntu
root@a30a87e0e065:/# 輸入Ctrl + P + Q
> docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e51e423ac575   ubuntu    "bash"    10 seconds ago   Up 10 seconds             romantic_franklin

發(fā)現(xiàn)容器不會退出

測試帶前臺進程的，例如redis

> docker run -it redis
1:C 26 Nov 2022 15:15:37.357 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
1:C 26 Nov 2022 15:15:37.357 # Redis version=6.2.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=1, just started
 a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:15:37.358 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
                _._
           _.-``__ ''-._
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 6.2.6 (00000000/0) 64 bit
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 1
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           https://redis.io
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'
          `-._        _.-'
              `-.__.-'

1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:15:37.358 # Server initialized
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:15:37.358 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:15:37.358 * Ready to accept connections

# 輸入Ctrl + P + Q
> docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS      NAMES
14cef5be594b   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   15 seconds ago   Up 14 seconds   6379/tcp   silly_wright

> docker run -it redis
1:C 26 Nov 2022 15:22:49.890 # Redis version=6.2.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=1, just started
1:C 26 Nov 2022 15:22:49.890 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:22:49.891 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
                _._
           _.-``__ ''-._
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 6.2.6 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 1
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           https://redis.io
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'
          `-._        _.-'
              `-.__.-'

1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:22:49.891 # Server initialized
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:22:49.891 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:22:49.891 * Ready to accept connections
exit #這里沒有反應(yīng)，我們繼續(xù)Ctrl + C
^C1:signal-handler (1669476186) Received SIGINT scheduling shutdown...
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:23:06.123 # User requested shutdown...
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:23:06.123 * Saving the final RDB snapshot before exiting.
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:23:06.130 * DB saved on disk
1:M 26 Nov 2022 15:23:06.130 # Redis is now ready to exit, bye bye...
> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
8668b2bf13b1   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   24 seconds ago   Exited (0) 7 seconds ago             ecstatic_lehmann

總結(jié)：

-it 使用交互方式運行，進入容器查看內(nèi)容

1.當(dāng)運行的鏡像沒有前臺進程。

exit #run進去容器，exit退出，容器停止

Ctrl+P+Q # run進去容器，ctrl+p+q退出，容器不停止

1.當(dāng)運行的鏡像有前臺進程。

exit #用exit無效，使用Ctrl + C ,容器會停止

Ctrl+P+Q # run進去容器，ctrl+p+q退出，容器不停止

docker run -d

-d : detach 表示后臺運行

測試不帶前臺進程的，例如centos/ubuntu

> docker run -d ubuntu
> docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
0210648ee10f   ubuntu    "bash"    34 seconds ago   Exited (0) 32 seconds ago             jolly_wright

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)容器啟動后會立馬退出

測試帶前臺進程的，例如redis

> docker run -d redis
> docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS      NAMES
3adf2698b224   redis     "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds   6379/tcp   vigilant_agnesi

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)容器不會退出

總結(jié)：

Docker容器后臺運行,就必須有一個前臺進程.

容器運行的命令如果不是那些一直掛起的命令（比如運行top，tail），就是會自動退出的。

docker run -d ubuntu tail -f /dev/null # 這種情況就不會退出了

總結(jié)

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