#方法一：下載。
 curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 #安裝，給予執(zhí)行權(quán)限
 chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 #查看版本
 docker-compose --version
 ?
 #方法二：也可以提前下載好安裝包，之后上傳到系統(tǒng)中。
 cd /opt/
 ls
 chmod +x docker-compose
 mv docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
 docker-compose --version

 #一個鍵如果有多個值。符號可以不縮進(jìn)，但值要縮進(jìn)。
 name:
 - zhangsan
 - lisi
 - wangwu
 ?
 name:
  - zhangsan
  - lisi
  - wangwu
 name: ["zhangsan", "lisi", "wangwu"]

 #雙引號示例：
 name: "hello, \nworld"
 最后name值是兩行內(nèi)容
 name: hello,
       world
 ?
 #單引號示例：
 name: 'hello, \nworld'，只會作為普通字符 name: hello,\nworld

 #對象: 鍵值對的字典
 animal: pets
 ?
 #數(shù)組: 一組按次序排列的列表
 - cat
 - dog
 - goldfish
 ?
 #布爾值
 debug: "true"
 debug: "false"
 ?
 ?
 #Yaml示例
 languages:      #序列的映射
   - Java
   - Golang
   - Python
 websites:       #映射的映射（鍵的值，仍然是鍵值對）
   Baidu: www.baidu.com
   Wangyi: www.163.com
   Souhu: www.souhu.com
 #或者 
 languages: ["Java","Golong","Python"]
 websites: 
   Baidu: 
     www.baidu.com
   Wangyi: 
     www.163.com
   Souhu: 
     www.souhu.com
 #Json格式
 {
   languages: [
     'Java',
     'Golong',
     'Python',
   ],
   websites: [
     Baidu: 'www.baidu.com',
     Wangyi: 'www.163.com',
     Souhu: 'www.souhu.com',
   ]
 }

php:
   depends_on:
     - apache
     - mysql

 networks:
   lnmp
   lamp
 service:
   nginx:
     networks:lnmp
   apache:
     networks:lamp
   mysql:
     networks:
       lnmp
       lamp
   php:
     networks:
       lnmp
       lamp 

 version: "3"
 ?
 services:
 ?
   nginx:
     volumes:
     - db_data:/var/lib/db
   mysql:
     volumes:
     - db_data:/var/lib/backup/data
 ?
 volumes:       #在頂級層定義一個命令卷
   db_data:

 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# yum -y install tree
 ?
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# tree /opt/compose_lnmp/ -L 2
 /opt/compose_lnmp/
 ├── docker-compose.yml
 ├── mysql                            #創(chuàng)建模板腳本
 │   ├── Dockerfile                   #創(chuàng)建容器腳本
 │   ├── my.cnf                       #復(fù)制配置文件
 │   └── mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz    #復(fù)制源碼包
 ├── nginx
 │   ├── Dockerfile
 │   └── nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
 ├── php
 │   ├── Dockerfile
 │   └── php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
 └── wwwroot
     ├── index.html                   #站點網(wǎng)頁
     ├── wordpress                          
     └── wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz

 #創(chuàng)建項目目錄 compose_lnmp; 
 #創(chuàng)建服務(wù)子目錄
 [root@zy7 ~]# mkdir /opt/compose_lnmp/
 [root@zy7 ~]# cd /opt/compose_lnmp
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# mkdir nginx mysql php wwwroot
 ?
 #上傳wordpress軟件包，準(zhǔn)備測試頁面
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# cd /opt/compose_nginx/wwwroot/
 [root@zy7 wwwroot]# ls
 wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
 [root@zy7 wwwroot]# tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz  
 [root@zy7 wwwroot]# echo "<h1>this is test web</h1>" > /opt/compose_lnmp/wwwroot/index.html
 ?
 ?
 #上傳nginx軟件包
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# cd nginx/
 [root@zy7 nginx]# ls
 nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz 
 ?
 ?
 #編寫nginx的Dockerfile文件
 [root@zy7 nginx]# vim Dockerfile
 #基于基礎(chǔ)鏡像
 FROM centos:7
 #用戶信息
 MAINTAINER this is nginx image <yuji>
 #添加環(huán)境包
 RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
 RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
 #上傳nginx軟件壓縮包，并解壓
 ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
 #指定工作目錄
 WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0
 RUN ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
 --user=nginx \
 --group=nginx \
 --with-http_stub_status_module && make -j8&& make install
 ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
 #修改nginx配置文件
 RUN sed -i 's/#charset koi8-r;/charset utf-8;/' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i '45 s/index  index.html index.htm;/index  index.html index.php;/' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i '65,71 s/#//' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i 's/fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;/fastcgi_pass   172.18.0.30:9000;/' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
 && sed -i 's#/scripts#/usr/local/nginx/html#' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 #也可以提前將修改好nginx.conf，放入nginx目錄下，之后使用ADD指令復(fù)制到鏡像中。則可避免在鏡像中修改。
 #暴露端口
 EXPOSE 80
 EXPOSE 443
 #前臺啟動nginx
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;" ]

 #進(jìn)入mysql子目錄
 [root@zy7 ~]# cd /opt/compose_lnmp/mysql/
 #將mysql包上傳到此目錄
 [root@zy7 mysql]# ls
 mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
 ?
 #編寫mysql的Dockerfile文件
 [root@zy7 mysql]# vim Dockerfile
 FROM centos:7
 MAINTAINER this is mysql image <zhi>
 RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake make
 RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql
 ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
 WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/
 RUN cmake \
 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
 -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
 -DWITH_BOOST=boost \
 -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 && make -j8 && make install
 RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
 ADD my.cnf /etc/
 RUN chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
 ENV PATH /usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
 WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/
 RUN bin/mysqld \
 --initialize-insecure \
 --user=mysql \
 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
 RUN cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
 EXPOSE 3306
 CMD /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld

 #配置myslq主配置文件my.cnf（用來復(fù)制到容器）
 [root@zy7 mysql]# vim my.cnf 
 [client]
 port = 3306
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 ?
 [mysql]
 port = 3306
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 ?
 [mysqld]
 user = mysql
 basedir = /usr/local/mysql
 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
 port = 3306
 character_set_server=utf8
 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 server-id = 1
 ?
 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# cd /opt/compose_lnmp/php/
 #將php包上傳
 [root@zy7 php]# ls
 php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
 ?
 #編寫php的Dockerfile
 [root@zy7 php]# vim Dockerfile
 FROM centos:7
 MAINTAINER this is php image <yuji>
 RUN yum -y install gd \
 libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
 libpng libpng-devel \
 freetype freetype-devel \
 libxml2 libxml2-devel \
 zlib zlib-devel \
 curl curl-devel \
 openssl openssl-devel \
 gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel
 RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
 ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/
 WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10
 RUN ./configure \
 --prefix=/usr/local/php \
 --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
 --with-mysqli \
 --with-zlib \
 --with-curl \
 --with-gd \
 --with-jpeg-dir \
 --with-png-dir \
 --with-freetype-dir \
 --with-openssl \
 --enable-fpm \
 --enable-mbstring \
 --enable-xml \
 --enable-session \
 --enable-ftp \
 --enable-pdo \
 --enable-tokenizer \
 --enable-zip && make && make install
 ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH
 ?
 RUN \cp /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini \
 && sed -i 's#mysqli.default_socket =#mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock#' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini \
 && sed -i '939 s#;date.timezone =#date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai#' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
 ?
 RUN \cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default  /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf \
 && sed -i '17 s/^;//' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
 ?
 RUN \cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf \
 && sed -i 's#user = nobody#user = nginx#' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf \
 && sed -i 's#group = nobody#group = nginx#' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf \  && sed -i 's#listen = 127.0.0.1:9000#listen = 172.18.0.30:9000#' /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
 ?
 #也可以提前準(zhǔn)備好php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf這三個文件，放入php目錄下，之后使用ADD指令復(fù)制到鏡像中
 ?
 EXPOSE 9000
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm", "-F" ]

 #先拉取鏡像centos:7
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# docker pull centos:7
 ?
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# vim /opt/compose_lnmp/docker-compose.yml
 #使用版本2（3版本不支持指令volumes_from)
 version: '2'
 ?
 #使用services定義服務(wù)
 services:
   #配置nginx服務(wù)
   nginx:
     #設(shè)置容器名
     container_name: nginx
     #設(shè)置主機名為nginx
     hostname: nginx
     #使用dockerfile創(chuàng)建鏡像。Dockerfile文件在當(dāng)前目錄的nginx目錄下，文件名為Dockerfile
     build:
       #指定Dockerfile文件所在位置
       context: ./nginx
       dockerfile: Dockerfile
     #映射端口
     ports:
       - 1315:80
       - 1316:443
     #加入到lnmp網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，使用ip172.18.0.0.10
     networks:
       lnmp:
         ipv4_address: 172.18.0.10
     #將當(dāng)前目錄下的wwwroot目錄掛載到容器的/usr/local/nginx/html目錄
     volumes:
       - ./wwwroot/:/usr/local/nginx/html
   #配置服務(wù)mysql
   mysql:
     container_name: mysql
     hostname: mysql
     build:
       context: ./mysql
       dockerfile: Dockerfile
     ports:
       - 3306:3306
     networks:
       lnmp:
         ipv4_address: 172.18.0.20
     #設(shè)置/usr/local/mysql目錄為數(shù)據(jù)卷
     volumes:
       - /usr/local/mysql
   #配置服務(wù)php    
   php:
     hostname: php
     build:
       context: ./php
       dockerfile: Dockerfile
     container_name: php
     ports:
       - 9000:9000
     networks:
       lnmp:
         ipv4_address: 172.18.0.30
     #從nginx容器和mysql容器獲取數(shù)據(jù)卷    
     volumes_from:
       - nginx
       - mysql
     #php容器需要在nginx和mysql之后啟動  
     depends_on:
       - nginx
       - mysql
     #php和容器nginx，容器mysql連接   
     links:
       - nginx
       - mysql
 #設(shè)置網(wǎng)絡(luò)為自定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)
 #配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式和網(wǎng)絡(luò)名      
 networks:
   #設(shè)置網(wǎng)絡(luò)名lnmp
   lnmp:
     #網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式為bridge橋接模式
     driver: bridge
     ipam:
       config:
         #使用的網(wǎng)段為172.18.0.0/16
         - subnet: 172.18.0.0/16

 #在工作目錄使用此命令。
 #-f： --file-name, 指定模板文件。默認(rèn)為docker-compose.yml
 #-p: --project-name NAME ，指定項目名稱，默認(rèn)使用目錄名
 #-d： 在后臺運行
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
 ?
 #在工作目錄，使用 docker-compose ps 可以看到啟動的容器狀態(tài)
 [root@zy7 compose_lnmp]# docker-compose ps

 #進(jìn)入mysql容器，進(jìn)行用戶授權(quán)。
 [root@zy7 mysql]# docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
 [root@mysql mysql]# mysql
 ?
 mysql> create database wordpress;
 ?
 mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
 ?
 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
 ?
 mysql> flush privileges;