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K8S部署lnmp項目全過程

 更新時間：2024年07月30日 10:29:15   作者：跳躍音符#3712  
這篇文章主要介紹了K8S部署lnmp項目全過程,具有很好的參考價值,希望對大家有所幫助,如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教

LNMP為什么要遷移到k8s

將LNMP遷移到k8s架構(gòu)上會使得應(yīng)用的啟動、遷移、部署變得即簡單又安全。

不必?fù)?dān)心應(yīng)用遷移后工作出現(xiàn)問題，也不用擔(dān)心一臺服務(wù)器無法應(yīng)付突發(fā)的用戶量。

架構(gòu)設(shè)計

MySQL是一種有狀態(tài)服務(wù)，MySQL在某些情況下如果發(fā)生故障性退出可能會出現(xiàn)服務(wù)無法再次啟動的情況，所以使用StorageClass(NFS)來掛載，并使用Deployments來保證應(yīng)用的持續(xù),這里設(shè)置replicas為1,后期部署主從后再行修改

PVC設(shè)置

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl create ns  lnmp 
namespace/lnmp created

[root@master lnmp]# cat  lnmp-pvc.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name:  mysql-pvc
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  storageClassName: mysc1

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name:  php-pvc
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  storageClassName: mysc1
  
[root@master lnmp]# kubectl apply -f lnmp-pvc.yaml 
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql created
persistentvolumeclaim/php created

### 已部署sc,這邊狀態(tài)已經(jīng)變更為 Bound

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl get pvc -n lnmp 
NAME        STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
mysql-pvc   Bound    pvc-bb57ddc7-ae5e-4652-880a-08d8260314bb   5Gi        RWX            mysc1          29s
php-pvc     Bound    pvc-53c2880e-c383-41f1-8e09-c7106ea8c18f   5Gi        RWX            mysc1          29s

Mysql 配置

1. 創(chuàng)建mysql密碼的認(rèn)證 (secret)

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl create secret generic mysql-pass --from-literal=password=Aa123456 -n lnmp 
secret/mysql-pass created
# 或者
[root@master ~]# vim mysql-secret.yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  password: QWExMjM0NTY=
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  name: mysql-pass
  namespace: lnmp
  
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mysql-secret.yaml 
secret/mysql-pass created

2. 創(chuàng)建mysql的Service、deployment

2.1 這邊使用了自建的harbor鏡像倉庫,配置dockerconfigjson類型的secret

kubectl create secret docker-registry  --dry-run=client  docker-harbor  --docker-server=registry.bianminchang.com:5001 --docker-username=admin --docker-password=li*****4   -o yaml > docker-secret.yaml

[root@master lnmp]# vim docker-secret.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
data:
  .dockerconfigjson: eyJhdXRocyI6eyJyZWdpc3RyeS5iaWFubWluY2hhbmcuY29tOjUwMDEiOnsidXNlcm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsInBhc3N3b3JkIjoi************oiWVdSdGFXNDZiR2x3Y0dSd2NEUT0ifX19
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  name: docker-harbor
type: kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl apply -f docker-secret.yaml 
secret/docker-harbor created

2.2 mysql的Service、deployment

[root@master lnmp]# cat  mysql-deploy.yaml 
#apiVersion: v1                          # 這邊由于項目數(shù)據(jù)庫連接無法讀取集群內(nèi)的svc,使用服務(wù)器的hostPort
#kind: Service
#metadata:
#  name: lnmp-mysql
#  namespace: lnmp
#  labels:
#    app: lnmp-mysql
#spec:
#  type: 
#  ports:
#    - protocol: TCP
#      port: 3306
#      nodePort: 3306
#  selector:
#    app: lnmp-mysql
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: lnmp-mysql
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: lnmp-mysql
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: lnmp-mysql
    spec:
      nodeName: master
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: registry.bianminchang.com:5001/lnmp/mysql:5.6
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
            secretKeyRef:
              name: mysql-pass
              key: password
        ports: 
        - containerPort: 3306
          hostPort: 3306             # 服務(wù)器3306 端口
          name: mysql
        livenessProbe:
          tcpSocket:
            port: 3306
          initialDelaySeconds: 90
          periodSeconds: 15 
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysql-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
        - name: etc-localtime
          mountPath: /etc/localtime
      imagePullSecrets:         # 指定鏡像倉庫拉取信息
      - name: docker-harbor
      volumes:
      - name: etc-localtime
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/localtime
      - name: mysql-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mysql-pvc

創(chuàng)建文件并檢測

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl apply -f mysql-deploy.yaml
service/lnmp-mysql created
deployment.apps/lnmp-mysql created
[root@master lnmp]# kubectl get secrets 
NAME                  TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
default-token-2cqf5   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      54m
docker-harbor         kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson        1      6m16s

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl get pod
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
lnmp-mysql-5df7b46bcd-fk76k   1/1     Running   0          6m1s

PHP配置

創(chuàng)建php的service,hpa(水平自動伸縮),deployment

[root@master lnmp]# cat  php-deploy.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: lnmp-php
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 9000
  selector:
    app: lnmp-php
---
apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: lnmp-php
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: lnmp-php
  minReplicas: 1
  maxReplicas: 10
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 85      # 當(dāng)容器的CPU使用量超過85%時，調(diào)度器創(chuàng)建新的pod
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: lnmp-php
  namespace: lnmp
  labels:
    app: php
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: lnmp-php
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: lnmp-php
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: php
        image: registry.bianminchang.com:5001/lnmp/php-fpm:7.0.4
        #image: php:test
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9000
          name: php
        volumeMounts:
        - name: php-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
        - name: etc-localtime
          mountPath: /etc/localtime 
      imagePullSecrets:         # 指定鏡像倉庫拉取信息
      - name: docker-harbor
      volumes:
      - name: etc-localtime            # docker 時區(qū)掛載
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/localtime
      - name: php-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: php-pvc

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl apply -f php-deploy.yaml 
service/lnmp-php unchanged
horizontalpodautoscaler.autoscaling/lnmp-php created
deployment.apps/lnmp-php unchanged

[root@master lnmp]# kubectl get hpa
NAME       REFERENCE             TARGETS         MINPODS   MAXPODS   REPLICAS   AGE
lnmp-php   Deployment/lnmp-php   <unknown>/85%   1         10        3          17s

Nginx配置

創(chuàng)建nginx的configmap，service，deployment

api deployment

[root@master nginx]#  vim api-deploy.yaml
# HPA Pod 水平自動擴(kuò)縮
apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: nginx-hpa
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  maxReplicas: 5
  minReplicas: 2
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: api
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: api
  namespace: lnmp
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  ports:
  - name: nginx
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: api
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: api
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: api
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: api
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: registry.bianminchang.com:5001/lnmp/nginx:1.16.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: nginx
        livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
                path: /
                port: 80
            initialDelaySeconds: 20
            periodSeconds: 10
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nginx-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
        - name: factory-api-config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
          subPath: default.conf
      volumes:
      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: php-pvc
      - name: factory-api-config
        configMap:
          name: factory-api-config

factory deployment 項目后臺

[root@master nginx]# cat factory-deploy.yaml
apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: factory-hpa
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  maxReplicas: 5
  minReplicas: 1
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: factory
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: factory
  namespace: lnmp
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  ports:
  - name: nginx
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: factory
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: factory
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: factory
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: factory
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: registry.bianminchang.com:5001/lnmp/nginx:1.16.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: nginx
        livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
                path: /
                port: 80
            initialDelaySeconds: 20
            periodSeconds: 10
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nginx-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
        - name: factory-config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
          subPath: default.conf
      volumes:
      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: php-pvc
      - name: factory-config
        configMap:
          name: factory-config

factory-front. deployment. 項目前端

[root@master nginx]# cat  factory-front-deploy.yaml 
apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: nginx-hpa
  namespace: lnmp
spec:
  maxReplicas: 5
  minReplicas: 1
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: factory-front
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 80

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: factory-front
  namespace: lnmp
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  ports:
  - name: nginx
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: factory-front
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: factory-front
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: factory-front
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: factory-front
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: registry.bianminchang.com:5001/lnmp/nginx:1.16.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          name: nginx
        livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
                path: /
                port: 80
            initialDelaySeconds: 20
            periodSeconds: 10
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nginx-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
        - name: factory-front-config
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
          subPath: default.conf
      volumes:
      - name: nginx-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: php-pvc
      - name: factory-front-config
        configMap:
          name: factory-front-config

nginx 配置

注意：

php與nginx不在同一個pod內(nèi),集群內(nèi)通訊用svc, fastcgi_pass lnmp-php:9000;

lnmp-php 為php的svc

[root@master nginx]# cat factory-config.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: nginx-wp-config
  namespace: lnmp
data:
  default.conf: |-
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index index.html index.php;

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root /usr/local/nginx/html;
            fastcgi_pass lnmp-php:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_connect_timeout 60s;
            fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
            fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
        }
    }
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: factory-config
  namespace: lnmp
data:
  default.conf: |-
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        root /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory/backend/web;
        index index.php index.html index.htm default.php default.htm default.html;

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory/backend/web;
            fastcgi_pass lnmp-php:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory/backend/web$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_connect_timeout 60s;
            fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
            fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
        }
        location /    {
                if (!-e $request_filename) {
                rewrite ^/(.*) /index.php last;
                break;
                }
        }
        access_log  /usr/share/nginx/html/factory.log;
        error_log  /usr/share/nginx/html/factory-err.log;
    }
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: factory-front-config
  namespace: lnmp
data:
  default.conf: |-
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        root /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory_frontend;
        index index.php index.html index.htm default.php default.htm default.html;

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory_frontend;
            fastcgi_pass lnmp-php:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory_frontend$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_connect_timeout 60s;
            fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
            fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
        }
        location /    {
                if (!-e $request_filename) {
                rewrite ^/(.*) /index.html last;
                break;
        }
    }
    }
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: factory-api-config
  namespace: lnmp
data:
  default.conf: |-
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        root /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory/cloud;
        index index.php index.html index.htm default.php default.htm default.html;

        location ~ \.php$ {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory/cloud;
            fastcgi_pass lnmp-php:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html/jingtai_factory/cloud$fastcgi_script_name;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_connect_timeout 60s;
            fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
            fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
        }
        location /    {
                if (!-e $request_filename) {
                rewrite ^/(.*) /index.html last;
                break;
        }
    }
}

執(zhí)行結(jié)果

[root@master nginx]# kubectl get pod
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
api-59c5b5ddbc-nbcb9             1/1     Running   0          16h
factory-574c54f796-qzfnw         1/1     Running   0          16h
factory-front-694779bbd8-55tgc   1/1     Running   0          16h
lnmp-mysql-57445b5c4b-mpl62      1/1     Running   0          16h
lnmp-php-5d7d5896b7-9sqtb        1/1     Running   0          16h

Ingress配置

[root@master ingress]# cat ingress-lnmp.yaml 
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: lnmp-ingress
  namespace: lnmp
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx
  rules:
  - host: backend.k8s.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: factory
            port:
              number: 80
  - host: api.k8s.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: api
            port:
              number: 80
  - host: factory.k8s.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: factory-front
            port:
              number: 80

[root@master ingress]# kubectl get ingress
NAME           CLASS   HOSTS                                         ADDRESS         PORTS   AGE
lnmp-ingress   nginx   backend.k8s.com,api.k8s.com,factory.k8s.com   10.99.132.137   80      16h

總結(jié)

以上為個人經(jīng)驗，希望能給大家一個參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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