docker pull mysql:5.7.36

# Linux 系統(tǒng)
docker run --name mysql \
-p 3306:3306 \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST='%' \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
-d mysql:5.7.36
# Windows 系統(tǒng) （cmd里面運(yùn)行，Windows PowerShell里面運(yùn)行不了）
docker run --name mysql ^
-p 3306:3306 ^
-e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST='%' ^
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root ^
-d mysql:5.7.36

docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

# 登錄（密碼已經(jīng)在 docker run語句的參數(shù)里面設(shè)置）
# 參數(shù) -u 和其后的用戶名通常之間不需要空格隔開；參數(shù) -p 和其后的密碼也可以直接連在一起寫
mysql -uroot -proot --default-character-set=utf8
# 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫
CREATE DATABASE mydatabase
# 退出 MySQL 命令行客戶端
exit

# docker cp 語法
docker cp /本地/路徑/文件.sql 容器名稱或ID:/容器內(nèi)/路徑/
# 舉個(gè)例子
C:\Users\username>docker cp D:\Learning\project\12306\resources mysql:/resources/
Successfully copied 8.22MB to mysql:/resources/

# 切換到指定的數(shù)據(jù)庫（在某些情況下，該語句可能以及寫到了sql數(shù)據(jù)文件里面）
use 指定的數(shù)據(jù)庫名;
-- 導(dǎo)入 SQL 文件
source /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/mydata.sql；

docker commit [CONTAINER ID] [IMAGE NAME]   #容器ID  創(chuàng)建的鏡像名
docker images   #可以看到該鏡像已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建成功，下次需要新建容器時(shí)可直接使用該鏡像

C:\Users\username>docker commit mysql mysqlcloud
sha256:6953caac5bffdea0a7a867dc5fb483702f8b291e00759940aae8275f28966391
C:\Users\username>docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG            IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
mysqlcloud                      latest         6953caac5bff   11 seconds ago   457MB
multi-container-app-todo-app    latest         4ce52cba239f   2 months ago     226MB
<none>                          <none>         abc68feda784   2 months ago     226MB
welcome-to-docker               latest         391a7884fcf8   2 months ago     225MB
mongo                           6              6d5c2fe902ad   2 months ago     690MB
docker/welcome-to-docker        latest         c1f619b6477e   4 months ago     18.6MB
zdocker/welcome-to-docker   latest         c1f619b6477e   4 months ago     18.6MB
nacos/nacos-server              v2.1.2         a978644d9246   14 months ago    1.06GB
redis                           latest         7614ae9453d1   2 years ago      113MB
mysql                           5.7.36         c20987f18b13   2 years ago      448MB
pangliang/rocketmq-console-ng   latest         ce1afb55c045   4 years ago      118MB
foxiswho/rocketmq               broker-4.5.1   d45240b3173d   4 years ago      440MB
foxiswho/rocketmq               server-4.5.1   12d0d03473de   4 years ago      440MB

docker run --name mysql ^
-p 3306:3306 ^
-e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST='%' ^
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root ^
-d mysql:5.7.36

mysql> select Host, User  from user ;
+-----------+---------------+
| Host      | User          |
+-----------+---------------+
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
| localhost | root          |
+-----------+---------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update user set Host='%' where User='root' ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select Host, User from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| Host      | User          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | root          |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
+-----------+---------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 顯示所有數(shù)據(jù)庫
mysql> show databases ;
-- 切換到 mysql 數(shù)據(jù)庫
use mysql;
-- 顯示 mysql 數(shù)據(jù)庫中的所有表
show tables ;
-- 查詢 user 表中的 Host 和 User 列
select Host, User from user ;
-- 將 user 表中 User 為 'root' 的記錄的 Host 字段修改為 '%'
update user set Host='%' where User='root' ;
-- 刷新權(quán)限
flush privileges ;