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Nginx配置支持IPV6地址的方法示例

更新時(shí)間：2024年11月11日 09:10:35 作者：zxguan

本文主要介紹了如何搭建并測(cè)試Nginx以支持IPV6地址的過(guò)程,包括下載安裝包、編譯安裝、配置和啟動(dòng)Nginx等步驟,同時(shí),文章還解決了在測(cè)試IPV6地址時(shí)遇到的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題：curl解析錯(cuò)誤和阿里云、騰訊云IPV6地址配置問(wèn)題

搭建并測(cè)試

1. 下載 NG 安裝包

點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入 Nginx 網(wǎng)址，下載安裝包

在這里插入圖片描述

2. 安裝編譯工具及庫(kù)文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

3. 上傳并解壓安裝包

// 進(jìn)入指定目錄，ftp 上傳壓縮包

tar -zxvf nginx-1.26.2.tar.gz

4. 編譯

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-ipv6

5. 安裝

make && make install

6. 修改配置

# 進(jìn)入 NG 配置文件夾
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

# 修改 NG 配置文件
vim nginx.conf

http {
	......
    server {
    	......
        listen       80;     	# IPV4
        listen       [::]:80;	# IPV6
		......
    }
	......
}

7. 啟動(dòng) NG

# 啟動(dòng) NG
./nginx 

# 停止 NG
./nginx -s stop

# 重啟 NG 
./nginx -s reload

8. 查看 IP 地址

[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:0a:74:78 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.18.133.39/20 brd 172.18.143.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 315340442sec preferred_lft 315340442sec
    inet6 2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412/64 scope global 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

9. 測(cè)試 IP 地址

9.1. 測(cè)試 IPV4 地址

[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# curl 172.18.133.39:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

9.2. 測(cè)試 IPV6 地址

[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# curl -6 -g http://[2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412]:80
[root@iZf8z6w83m8z8cj3m3lmubZ conf]# curl http://2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

IPV6 測(cè)試失敗原因

1. curl: [globbing] error: bad range specification after pos 9

IPV6 地址中含有 : 等符號(hào)，可能在解析時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò)，需要使用 [] 將 IPV6 地址包起來(lái)，避免解析報(bào)錯(cuò)。

# 錯(cuò)誤寫(xiě)法
curl http://[2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412]
或
curl http://[2408:4008:1105:4901:b3f7:6c00:f1d7:e412:80]

2. curl: Failed to connect to 0.0.0.10: Invalid argument

原因存在多種，我遇到是一個(gè)比較奇葩的原因。在阿里云和騰訊云中，curl 指定的 IPV6 地址必須與控制臺(tái)分配的 IPV6 地址一致,自己手動(dòng)配置的不行。

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