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使用python遍歷指定城市的一周氣溫

更新時(shí)間：2017年03月31日 10:01:03 作者：yrsss
本文主要介紹了使用python遍歷指定城市的一周氣溫的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。具有很好的參考價(jià)值，下面跟著小編一起來(lái)看下吧
處于興趣，寫(xiě)了一個(gè)遍歷指定城市五天內(nèi)的天氣預(yù)報(bào)，并轉(zhuǎn)為華氏度顯示。
把城市名字寫(xiě)到一個(gè)列表里這樣可以方便的添加城市。并附有詳細(xì)注釋
import requests
import json
#定義一個(gè)函數(shù) 避免代碼重寫(xiě)多次。
def gettemp(week,d_or_n,date):
 wendu=data['result']['weather'][week]['info'][d_or_n][date] #對(duì)字典進(jìn)行拆分
 return int(wendu)

def getft(t):
 ft=t*1.8+32
 return float(str(ft)[0:4])

cities=['保定','北京','上海','武漢','鄭州','齊齊哈爾'] #這里可以指定想要遍歷的城市
url='http://api.avatardata.cn/Weather/Query?key=68e75677978441f6872c1106175b8673&cityname=' #用于和cities里的城市進(jìn)行字符串拼接
low=0
high=2
for city in cities:
 r = requests.get(url+city) # 最基本的GET請(qǐng)求
 #print(r.status_code)  獲取返回狀態(tài)200是成功
 #print(r.text) 打印解碼后的返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)
 data=json.loads(r.text) #返回的json數(shù)據(jù)被轉(zhuǎn)換為字典類(lèi)型
 #print(type(data)) data 的數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型是字典 所以可以按照字典操作（字典里的列表就按列表操作）
 print(city,'近五天天氣預(yù)報(bào)：')
 for i in range(5):
  week='周'+str(data['result']['weather'][i]['week']) #對(duì)字典類(lèi)型進(jìn)行逐個(gè)拆分 如列表 元組等。
  daylow=gettemp(i,'day',low)
  dlf=getft(daylow)
  dayhigh=gettemp(i,'day',high)
  dhf=getft(dayhigh)
  nightlow=gettemp(i,'night',low)
  nlf=getft(nightlow)
  nighthigh=gettemp(i,'night',high)
  nhf=getft(nighthigh)
  print(week,'白天氣溫:',daylow,'~',dayhigh,'攝氏度','晚上氣溫:',nightlow,'~',nighthigh,'攝氏度')
  print(' ','白天氣溫:',dlf,'~',dhf,'華氏度','晚上氣溫:',nlf,'~',nhf,'華氏度')
 print('\n')

{"result":{"realtime":{"wind":{"windspeed":null,"direct":"西風(fēng)","power":"3級(jí)","offset":null},"time":"16:00:00","weather":{"humidity":"27","img":"0","info":"晴","temperature":"13"},"dataUptime":"1490517362","date":"2017-03-26","city_code":"101090201","city_name":"保定","week":"0","moon":"二月廿九"},"life":{"date":"2017-3-26","info":{"kongtiao":["開(kāi)啟制暖空調(diào)","您將感到有些冷，可以適當(dāng)開(kāi)啟制暖空調(diào)調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)溫度，以免著涼感冒。"],"yundong":["較適宜","天氣較好，但考慮風(fēng)力較強(qiáng)且氣溫較低，推薦您進(jìn)行室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)，若在戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)注意防風(fēng)并適當(dāng)增減衣物。"],"ziwaixian":["中等","屬中等強(qiáng)度紫外線(xiàn)輻射天氣，外出時(shí)建議涂擦SPF高于15、PA+的防曬護(hù)膚品，戴帽子、太陽(yáng)鏡。"],"ganmao":["較易發(fā)","晝夜溫差較大，較易發(fā)生感冒，請(qǐng)適當(dāng)增減衣服。體質(zhì)較弱的朋友請(qǐng)注意防護(hù)。"],"xiche":["較適宜","較適宜洗車(chē)，未來(lái)一天無(wú)雨，風(fēng)力較小，擦洗一新的汽車(chē)至少能保持一天。"],"wuran":null,"chuanyi":["冷","天氣冷，建議著棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜著厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。"]}},"weather":[{"date":"2017-03-26","week":"日","nongli":"二月廿九","info":{"dawn":null,"day":["0","晴","17","西北風(fēng)","3-4 級(jí)","06:12"],"night":["0","晴","2","西南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:36"]}},{"date":"2017-03-27","week":"一","nongli":"二月三十","info":{"dawn":["0","晴","2","西南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:36"],"day":["0","晴","15","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","06:11"],"night":["7","小雨","3","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:37"]}},{"date":"2017-03-28","week":"二","nongli":"三月初一","info":{"dawn":["7","小雨","3","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:37"],"day":["1","多云","15","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","06:09"],"night":["0","晴","3","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:38"]}},{"date":"2017-03-29","week":"三","nongli":"三月初二","info":{"dawn":["0","晴","3","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:38"],"day":["0","晴","18","南風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","06:08"],"night":["0","晴","3","北風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:39"]}},{"date":"2017-03-30","week":"四","nongli":"三月初三","info":{"dawn":["0","晴","3","北風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:39"],"day":["0","晴","17","北風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","06:06"],"night":["0","晴","3","北風(fēng)","微風(fēng)","18:40"]}}],"pm25":{"key":"Baoding","show_desc":"0","pm25":{"curPm":"34","pm25":"14","pm10":"26","level":"1","quality":"優(yōu)","des":"空氣很好，可以外出活動(dòng)"},"dateTime":"2017年03月26日16時(shí)","cityName":"保定"},"isForeign":0},"error_code":0,"reason":"Succes"}
這是返回的一個(gè)json數(shù)據(jù)，可以通過(guò)json格式化工具查看會(huì)方便一些，通過(guò)json.loads其實(shí)都是字典列表的一些嵌套，而想要取的數(shù)據(jù) 在字典里"result"里， 而data['result'] 又是一個(gè)字典，
{'life': {'date': '2017-3-26', 'info': {'yundong': ['較適宜', '天氣較好，但考慮風(fēng)力較強(qiáng)且氣溫較低，推薦您進(jìn)行室內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)，若在戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)注意防風(fēng)并適當(dāng)增減衣物。'], 'xiche': ['較適宜', '較適宜洗車(chē)，未來(lái)一天無(wú)雨，風(fēng)力較小，擦洗一新的汽車(chē)至少能保持一天。'], 'ganmao': ['較易發(fā)', '晝夜溫差較大，較易發(fā)生感冒，請(qǐng)適當(dāng)增減衣服。體質(zhì)較弱的朋友請(qǐng)注意防護(hù)。'], 'ziwaixian': ['中等', '屬中等強(qiáng)度紫外線(xiàn)輻射天氣，外出時(shí)建議涂擦SPF高于15、PA+的防曬護(hù)膚品，戴帽子、太陽(yáng)鏡。'], 'chuanyi': ['冷', '天氣冷，建議著棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜著厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。'], 'wuran': None, 'kongtiao': ['開(kāi)啟制暖空調(diào)', '您將感到有些冷，可以適當(dāng)開(kāi)啟制暖空調(diào)調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)溫度，以免著涼感冒。']}}, 'weather': [{'date': '2017-03-26', 'week': '日', 'info': {'dawn': None, 'night': ['0', '晴', '2', '西南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:36'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '17', '西北風(fēng)', '3-4 級(jí)', '06:12']}, 'nongli': '二月廿九'}, {'date': '2017-03-27', 'week': '一', 'info': {'dawn': ['0', '晴', '2', '西南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:36'], 'night': ['7', '小雨', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:37'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '15', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:11']}, 'nongli': '二月三十'}, {'date': '2017-03-28', 'week': '二', 'info': {'dawn': ['7', '小雨', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:37'], 'night': ['0', '晴', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:38'], 'day': ['1', '多云', '15', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:09']}, 'nongli': '三月初一'}, {'date': '2017-03-29', 'week': '三', 'info': {'dawn': ['0', '晴', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:38'], 'night': ['0', '晴', '3', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:39'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '18', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:08']}, 'nongli': '三月初二'}, {'date': '2017-03-30', 'week': '四', 'info': {'dawn': ['0', '晴', '3', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:39'], 'night': ['0', '晴', '3', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:40'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '17', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:06']}, 'nongli': '三月初三'}], 'isForeign': 0, 'pm25': {'pm25': {'des': '空氣很好，可以外出活動(dòng)', 'curPm': '34', 'level': '1', 'pm10': '26', 'pm25': '14', 'quality': '優(yōu)'}, 'show_desc': '0', 'key': 'Baoding', 'dateTime': '2017年03月26日16時(shí)', 'cityName': '保定'}, 'realtime': {'city_name': '保定', 'weather': {'info': '晴', 'img': '0', 'humidity': '27', 'temperature': '13'}, 'week': '0', 'wind': {'windspeed': None, 'power': '3級(jí)', 'offset': None, 'direct': '西風(fēng)'}, 'city_code': '101090201', 'date': '2017-03-26', 'dataUptime': '1490517362', 'time': '16:00:00', 'moon': '二月廿九'}}
相同的方法取 data['result']['weather'] 這又是一個(gè)元組，
[{'nongli': '二月廿九', 'info': {'night': ['0', '晴', '2', '西南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:36'], 'dawn': None, 'day': ['0', '晴', '17', '西北風(fēng)', '3-4 級(jí)', '06:12']}, 'week': '日', 'date': '2017-03-26'}, {'nongli': '二月三十', 'info': {'night': ['7', '小雨', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:37'], 'dawn': ['0', '晴', '2', '西南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:36'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '15', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:11']}, 'week': '一', 'date': '2017-03-27'}, {'nongli': '三月初一', 'info': {'night': ['0', '晴', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:38'], 'dawn': ['7', '小雨', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:37'], 'day': ['1', '多云', '15', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:09']}, 'week': '二', 'date': '2017-03-28'}, {'nongli': '三月初二', 'info': {'night': ['0', '晴', '3', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:39'], 'dawn': ['0', '晴', '3', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:38'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '18', '南風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:08']}, 'week': '三', 'date': '2017-03-29'}, {'nongli': '三月初三', 'info': {'night': ['0', '晴', '3', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:40'], 'dawn': ['0', '晴', '3', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '18:39'], 'day': ['0', '晴', '17', '北風(fēng)', '微風(fēng)', '06:06']}, 'week': '四', 'date': '2017-03-30'}]
接著取元組里的字典，逐步拆分即可獲得想要的數(shù)據(jù)。
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