Python貪吃蛇游戲編寫代碼

更新時間：2020年10月26日 08:49:37 作者：華夏國寶

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了Python貪吃蛇游戲的編寫代碼，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

最近在學Python，想做點什么來練練手，命令行的貪吃蛇一般是C的練手項目，但是一時之間找不到別的，就先做個貪吃蛇來練練簡單的語法。

由于Python監(jiān)聽鍵盤很麻煩，沒有C語言的kbhit()，所以這條貪吃蛇不會自己動，運行效果如下：

要求：用#表示邊框，用*表示食物，o表示蛇的身體，O表示蛇頭，使用wsad來移動

Python版本：3.6.1

系統(tǒng)環(huán)境：Win10

類：

　　board：棋盤，也就是游戲區(qū)域

　　snake：貪吃蛇，通過記錄身體每個點來記錄蛇的狀態(tài)

　　game：游戲類

　　本來還想要個food類的，但是food只需要一個坐標，和一個新建，所以干脆使用list來保存坐標，新建food放在game里面，從邏輯上也沒有太大問題

源碼：

# Write By Guobao
# 2017/4//7
#
# 貪吃蛇
# 用#做邊界，*做食物，o做身體和頭部
# python 3.6.1

import copy
import random
import os
import msvcrt

# the board class, used to put everything
class board:

 __points =[]

 def __init__(self):
 self.__points.clear()
 for i in range(22):
 line = []
 if i == 0 or i == 21:
 for j in range(22):
  line.append('#')
 else:
 line.append('#')
 for j in range(20):
  line.append(' ')
 line.append('#')
 self.__points.append(line)

 def getPoint(self, location):
 return self.__points[location[0]][location[1]]

 def clear(self):
 self.__points.clear()
 for i in range(22):
 line = []
 if i == 0 or i == 21:
 for j in range(22):
  line.append('#')
 else:
 line.append('#')
 for j in range(20):
  line.append(' ')
 line.append('#')
 self.__points.append(line)

 def put_snake(self, snake_locations):
 # clear the board
 self.clear()

 # put the snake points
 for x in snake_locations:
 self.__points[x[0]][x[1]] = 'o'

 # the head
 x = snake_locations[len(snake_locations) - 1]
 self.__points[x[0]][x[1]] = 'O'

 def put_food(self, food_location):
 self.__points[food_location[0]][food_location[1]] = '*'

 def show(self):
 os.system("cls")
 for i in range(22):
 for j in range(22):
 print(self.__points[i][j], end='')
 print()

# the snake class
class snake:
 __points = []

 def __init__(self):
 for i in range(1, 6):
 self.__points.append([1, i])

 def getPoints(self):
 return self.__points

 # move to the next position
 # give the next head
 def move(self, next_head):
 self.__points.pop(0)
 self.__points.append(next_head)

 # eat the food
 # give the next head
 def eat(self, next_head):
 self.__points.append(next_head)

 # calc the next state
 # and return the direction
 def next_head(self, direction='default'):

 # need to change the value, so copy it
 head = copy.deepcopy(self.__points[len(self.__points) - 1])

 # calc the "default" direction
 if direction == 'default':
 neck = self.__points[len(self.__points) - 2]
 if neck[0] > head[0]:
 direction = 'up'
 elif neck[0] < head[0]:
 direction = 'down'
 elif neck[1] > head[1]:
 direction = 'left'
 elif neck[1] < head[1]:
 direction = 'right'

 if direction == 'up':
 head[0] = head[0] - 1
 elif direction == 'down':
 head[0] = head[0] + 1
 elif direction == 'left':
 head[1] = head[1] - 1
 elif direction == 'right':
 head[1] = head[1] + 1
 return head

# the game
class game:

 board = board()
 snake = snake()
 food = []
 count = 0

 def __init__(self):
 self.new_food()
 self.board.clear()
 self.board.put_snake(self.snake.getPoints())
 self.board.put_food(self.food)

 def new_food(self):
 while 1:
 line = random.randint(1, 20)
 column = random.randint(1, 20)
 if self.board.getPoint([column, line]) == ' ':
 self.food = [column, line]
 return

 def show(self):
 self.board.clear()
 self.board.put_snake(self.snake.getPoints())
 self.board.put_food(self.food)
 self.board.show()


 def run(self):
 self.board.show()

 # the 'w a s d' are the directions
 operation_dict = {b'w': 'up', b'W': 'up', b's': 'down', b'S': 'down', b'a': 'left', b'A': 'left', b'd': 'right', b'D': 'right'}
 op = msvcrt.getch()

 while op != b'q':
 if op not in operation_dict:
 op = msvcrt.getch()
 else:
 new_head = self.snake.next_head(operation_dict[op])

 # get the food
 if self.board.getPoint(new_head) == '*':
  self.snake.eat(new_head)
  self.count = self.count + 1
  if self.count >= 15:
  self.show()
  print("Good Job")
  break
  else:
  self.new_food()
  self.show()

 # 反向一Q日神仙
 elif new_head == self.snake.getPoints()[len(self.snake.getPoints()) - 2]:
  pass

 # rush the wall
 elif self.board.getPoint(new_head) == '#' or self.board.getPoint(new_head) == 'o':
  print('GG')
  break

 # normal move
 else:
  self.snake.move(new_head)
  self.show()
 op = msvcrt.getch()

game().run()

筆記：

　　1.Python 沒有Switch case語句，可以利用dirt來實現(xiàn)

　　2.Python的=號是復制，復制引用，深復制需要使用copy的deepcopy()函數(shù)來實現(xiàn)

　　3.即使在成員函數(shù)內(nèi)，也需要使用self來訪問成員變量，這和C++、JAVA很不一樣

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