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python 網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程詳解及簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)例

更新時(shí)間：2017年04月25日 16:11:25 投稿：lqh

這篇文章主要介紹了python 網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程詳解及簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)例的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

python 網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程詳解

網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程的專利權(quán)應(yīng)該屬于Unix，各個(gè)平臺(tái)（如windows、Linux等）、各門語(yǔ)言（C、C++、Python、Java等）所實(shí)現(xiàn)的符合自身特性的語(yǔ)法都大同小異。在我看來(lái)，懂得了Unix的socket網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程，其他的形式的網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程方法也就知道了。這句話說(shuō)得還不太嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。準(zhǔn)確的應(yīng)該說(shuō)成懂得了socket編程的原理，網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程也就知道了，不同之處就在于每個(gè)平臺(tái)，每個(gè)語(yǔ)言都有自己專享的語(yǔ)法，我們直接靈活套用就行了。

下面是用python實(shí)現(xiàn)的最基本的網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程的例子，即依托于客戶端-服務(wù)器的架構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶端與服務(wù)器之間的單向“數(shù)據(jù)流通”。我們分別用兩個(gè)方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)方法是最原始的socket編程，另一個(gè)方法是利用python的面向?qū)ο髮?duì)第一種方法進(jìn)行封裝實(shí)現(xiàn)，目的是減少實(shí)現(xiàn)透明性，便于快速開(kāi)發(fā)。

要求：客戶端輸入數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)送到服務(wù)端，服務(wù)器端生成（時(shí)間戳+數(shù)據(jù)）的封裝數(shù)據(jù)回應(yīng)客戶端。由于socket編程包括兩種：面向連接的和無(wú)連接的，這兩種分別對(duì)應(yīng)TCP數(shù)據(jù)流和UDP數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)文。所以，我們兩種方法都進(jìn)行實(shí)現(xiàn)。

一、Python socket編程

面向連接的TCP socket編程：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 3 from socket import *
from time import ctime 

# Address and Port
HOST = ''
PORT = 21567
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BuffSize
BUFSIZ = 1024

# build socket
tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
# bind socket
tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
# listen 5 client 
tcpSerSock.listen(5)

try:
  while True:
    print 'waiting for connection...'
    # build client socket
    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()
    print '...connect from:', addr

    # accept data and process
    while True:
      data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
      if not data:
        break
      tcpCliSock.send('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data))

      # close client socket 
      tcpCliSock.close()
except EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt:
  tcpSerSock.close()

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

# Address and Port 
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 21567
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize
BUFSIZ = 1024

#build socket 
tcpCliSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpCliSocket.connect(ADDR)

while True:
  data = raw_input('> ')
  if not data:
    break
  # send data
  tcpCliSocket.send(data)
  # recv data
  data = tcpCliSocket.recv(BUFSIZ)
  if not data:
    break
  # show data
  print data
tcpCliSocket.close()

無(wú)連接的UDP socket編程

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from socket import *
from time import ctime 

# Address and Port 
HOST = ''
PORT = 8000
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize
BUFFSIZE = 1024
# build socket
udpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
# bind socket
udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)

try:
  while True:
    print 'waiting the message...'
    data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFFSIZE)
    print 'received the message: '+data+' from: ', addr
    udpSerSock.sendto('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data), addr)
except EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt:
  udpSerSock.close()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

# Address and Port 
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 8000
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize
BUFSIZ = 1024

# build socket 
udpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

while True:
  data = raw_input('> ')
  udpCliSock.sendto(data, ADDR)
  data = udpCliSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZ)
  if not data:
    break
  print data 
udpCliSock.close()

二、基于封裝類SocketServer的網(wǎng)絡(luò)編程

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from SocketServer import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH 
from time import ctime 

# Address and Port
HOST = ''
PORT = 21567
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BuffSize
BUFSIZ = 1024

# build RequestHandler
class MyRequestHandler(SRH):
  def handle(self):
    print '...connected from: ', self.client_address
    self.wfile.write('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), self.rfile.readline()))

# build TCPServer
TCPServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)
print 'waiting for connection...'
# loop to process
TCPServ.serve_forever()

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

from socket import *

# Address and Port 
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 21567
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)

# BufferSize
BUFSIZ = 1024

while True:
  # note: SocketServer 的請(qǐng)求處理器的默認(rèn)行為是接受連接，
  # 得到請(qǐng)求，然后就關(guān)閉連接，所以需要多次連接
  tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
  tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)

  # process data
  data = raw_input('> ')
  if not data:
    break
  tcpCliSock.send('%s\r\n' % data)

  data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZ)
  if not data:
    break
  print data.strip()
  tcpCliSock.close()

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