#準備好你的數(shù)據庫模型思維導圖

#先設計作者Author對象(表)[models.py]
​
class Author(models.Model): #繼承于models.Model這個父類,從而實現(xiàn)多態(tài)
  first_name=models.CharField(max_length=32) #名字的字段,使用字符串格式,最大長度32
  last_name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
  email=models.EmailField()         #email字段,使用email自帶的格式
  def __unicode__(self):           #定義unicode函數(shù),是為了讓對象在實例化的時候,可以返回打印輸出它的名字<阿文>.不至于顯示為<** object>
    return "%s--%s"%(self.first_name,self.last_name)

#出版社
class Publisher(models.Model):
  name=models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True) #出版社名稱,唯一,是主鍵
  address=models.CharField(max_length=64,unique=True)
  city=models.CharField(max_length=32)
  state_province=models.CharField(max_length=32)
  country=models.CharField(max_length=32)
  website=models.URLField()            #主頁,采用自帶的url格式
  def __unicode__(self):
    return "%s"%(self.name)

#定義一個選項,里面包含3個可選框,用以下面的書籍表publisher_state下拉選擇
STATUS_CHOICES=(
  ('checkout',u'已出版'),
  ('dai',u'待出版'),
  ('status',u'審核中'),
)

#書籍表
class Book(models.Model):
  name=models.CharField(max_length=64)  
  authors=models.ManyToManyField(Author) #作者,多對多的關系
  publisher=models.ForeignKey(Publisher) #出版社,外鍵管理到Publisher表
  publisher_date=models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
  publisher_state=models.CharField(max_length=20,choices=STATUS_CHOICES,default='checkout') #出版狀態(tài),是一個可選框
  def __unicode__(self):
    return "%s--%s"%(self.name,self.publisher_date)

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

##進入shell 模式
python manage.py shell
##導入Publisher對象
from book11.models import Publisher
##查詢id=1的queryset賦值給p
p=Publisher.objects.get(id=1)
#對的對象進行操作,修改city="changsha",等價于[Publisher.objects.filter(id=1).update(city='changsha')]操作.
p.city='changsha'
#需要提交保存,否則不生效
p.save()

G:\git\web\books>python manage.py createsuperuser #增加一個超級用戶
Username (leave blank to use 'huan5'): admin #用戶名
Email address: admin@qq.com         #郵箱
Password:                  #輸8位密碼2次
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

#設置默認編碼符
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from book11 import models #導入數(shù)據庫
admin.site.register(models.Author)
admin.site.register(models.Publisher)
admin.site.register(models.Book)

#啟動服務
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8086
#并打開瀏覽器執(zhí)行
http://127.0.0.1:8086

from book11 import models
# 創(chuàng)建一個Bookadmin的modeladmin的子類
class Bookadmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  list_display=('id','name','publisher','publisher_date','publisher_state')
  search_fields=('name',)
  list_filter=('publisher','publisher_date',)
  list_per_page=5
  list_editable=('name','publisher_state',)
  list_select_related=('publisher',)
  filter_horizontal=('authors',)
  raw_id_fields=('publisher',)
  actions=['set_publisher_checkout','set_publisher_dai','set_publisher_status','set_publisher_del',]

admin.site.register(models.Author,Authoradmin) #不要忘了把這些定義好的擴展寫進來
admin.site.register(models.Publisher,Publisheradmin)
admin.site.register(models.Book,Bookadmin)

#配置作者頁面的擴展內容
class Authoradmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  list_display=('first_name','last_name','email')

#配置出版社的擴展顯示
class Publisheradmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  list_display = ('name','address','country',)

  def set_publisher_checkout(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME) #選中傳入的表單中,勾選的checkbox對應的id集合
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).update(publisher_state='checkout') #將所有選中的id對象,修改出版狀態(tài)為checkout
  def set_publisher_dai(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).update(publisher_state='dai')
  def set_publisher_status(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).update(publisher_state='status')
  def set_publisher_del(modeladmin,request,queryset):    #########擴展部分,增加對選中的記錄今夕刪除!###########
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).delete()
​
  set_publisher_checkout.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--已出版"     #為了使界面更加友好,添加別名
  set_publisher_status.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--審核中"
  set_publisher_dai.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--待出版"
  set_publisher_del.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--刪除"

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
​
from django.contrib import admin
from book11 import models
# Register your models here.
class Bookadmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  list_display=('id','name','publisher','publisher_date','publisher_state')
  search_fields=('name',)
  list_filter=('publisher','publisher_date',)
  list_per_page=5
  list_editable=('name','publisher_state',)
  list_select_related=('publisher',)
  filter_horizontal=('authors',)
  raw_id_fields=('publisher',)
  actions=['set_publisher_checkout','set_publisher_dai','set_publisher_status','set_publisher_del',]
​
  def set_publisher_checkout(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).update(publisher_state='checkout')
  def set_publisher_dai(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).update(publisher_state='dai')
  def set_publisher_status(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).update(publisher_state='status')
  def set_publisher_del(modeladmin,request,queryset):
    selected=request.POST.getlist(admin.ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME)
    models.Book.objects.filter(id__in=selected).delete()
​
  set_publisher_checkout.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--已出版"
  set_publisher_status.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--審核中"
  set_publisher_dai.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--待出版"
  set_publisher_del.short_description="設置所有的書籍為--刪除"
​
class Authoradmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  list_display=('first_name','last_name','email')
​
class Publisheradmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  list_display = ('name','address','country',)
​
admin.site.register(models.Author,Authoradmin)
admin.site.register(models.Publisher,Publisheradmin)
admin.site.register(models.Book,Bookadmin)