django 通過ajax完成郵箱用戶注冊、激活賬號的方法

更新時間：2018年04月17日 08:41:51 作者：雪落憶海

本篇文章主要介紹了django 通過ajax完成郵箱用戶注冊、激活賬號的方法，小編覺得挺不錯的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，也給大家做個參考。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

一、圖片驗證碼

django-simple-captcha配置

1.在pycharm中，F(xiàn)ile====》Settings====》Project:項目名====》Project Interpreter====》+====》搜django-simple-captcha　　選擇0.55以上版本，然后點install package 按鈕進(jìn)行安裝

2.項目名/urls.py中添加代碼：

from django.urls import path,include
......

from users.views import IndexView
......

urlpatterns = [
  ......
  
  #配置驗證碼

  path('captcha/',include('captcha.urls')),
  #首頁url
  path('', IndexView.as_view(), name='index'),

  ......
]

3.settings.py中添加一個注冊信息

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    ......
  
  'captcha'
]

4.打開終端Terminal執(zhí)行更新數(shù)據(jù)庫命令：

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

5.在users目錄下新建form.py文件：

from django import forms
from captcha.fields import CaptchaField
......


class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
  """注冊信息的驗證"""

  ......

  captcha=CaptchaField(error_messages={'invalid':'驗證碼錯誤'})

  ......

6.在users/views.py中添加代碼：

from users.form import RegisterForm


class IndexView(View):
  """首頁"""
  def get(self,request):
    register_form=RegisterForm()
    return render(request,'index.html',{'register_form':register_form})

7.在前端首頁index.html中顯示驗證碼、輸入框

html

<div class="modal fade" id="register" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">

  ......

<!--模態(tài)框中關(guān)于注冊的內(nèi)容start-->
   <div class="modal-body">
    ......
      
      <P><div style="display: inline-block;width:100px;text-align: center"><b >驗證碼：</b></div>

<!--驗證碼start-->

      <div class="cap">{{ register_form.captcha }}</div>

<!--驗證碼end-->

</P>
      {% csrf_token %}
    </form>
     <p><div style="margin-left: 100px;background-color: orangered;width:150px;text-align: center"><b></b></div></p>
   </div>

<!--模態(tài)框中關(guān)于注冊的內(nèi)容end-->

  ......

css

<style>
  .cap{
    display: inline-block;
    width: 280px;
    height: 36px;
  }
  .cap img{
    float: right;
  }
</style>

js 跟刷新驗證碼相關(guān)（需要先引入jQuery）

$(function(){
    $('.captcha').css({
    'cursor': 'pointer'
  });
  /*# ajax 刷新*/
    $('.captcha').click(function(){
      console.log('click');
      $.getJSON("/captcha/refresh/",function(result){
        $('.captcha').attr('src', result['image_url']);
        $('#id_captcha_0').val(result['key'])
      });
    });
  })

二、ajax郵箱注冊

1.在前端跟注冊綁定的模態(tài)框代碼寫成：

html

<div class="modal fade" id="register" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">

 ......
   
   <div class="modal-body">
    <form id="registerform" action="#" method="post">
      <p>
        <div class="re-input"><b>用戶名：</b></div>
        <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用戶名">
        <div class="msg"><b id="user-msg"></b></div>
      </p>
      <p>
        <div class="re-input"><b>郵箱：</b></div>
        <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="郵箱">
        <div class="msg"><b id="email-msg">2222</b></div>
      </p>
      <p>
        <div class="re-input"><b >密碼：</b></div>
        <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密碼（不少于6位）">
        <div class="msg"><b id="pwd-msg">222</b></div>
      </p>
      <p>
        <div class="re-input"><b >確認(rèn)密碼：</b></div>
        <input type="password" name="pwd2" placeholder="確認(rèn)密碼">
        <div class="msg"><b id="pwd-msg2">22</b></div>
      </p>
      <P><div class="re-input"><b >驗證碼：</b></div>
        <div class="cap">{{ register_form.captcha }}</div>
        <div class="msg"><b id="captcha-msg">2</b></div>
      </P>
      {% csrf_token %}
    </form>
     <p><div style="margin-left: 100px;color: white;background-color: green;width:180px;text-align: center"><b id="active-msg"></b></div></p>

   ......

    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="registerbtn">確認(rèn)注冊</button>

   ......

css

<style>
  .cap{
    display: inline-block;
    width: 280px;
    height: 36px;
  }
  .cap img{
    float: right;
  }
  .re-input{
    display: inline-block;
    width:100px;
    text-align: center
  }
  .msg{
    margin-left: 100px;
    background-color: orangered;
    width:180px;
    text-align: center
  }
</style>

跟ajax注冊相關(guān)的js代碼：

$("#registerbtn").click(function() {
    $.ajax({
      cache:false,
      type:"POST",
      url:"{% url 'users:register' %}",
      dataType:'json',
      data:$('#registerform').serialize(),
      //通過id找到提交form表單，并將表單轉(zhuǎn)成字符串
      async:true,
      //異步為真，ajax提交的過程中，同時可以做其他的操作
      success:function (data) {
        //jquery3以后，會將回傳過來的字符串格式的data自動json解析不用再使用一遍JSON.parse(data)了，不然反而會在控制臺報錯
        if(data.status){
          $('#active-msg').html(data.status);

        } else{
          if(data.user){
            username_msg=data.user.toString();
            $('#user-msg').html('用戶名'+ username_msg);
          }
          if(data.email){
            email_msg=data.email.toString();
            $('#email-msg').html('郵箱'+ email_msg);
          }
          if(data.pwd){
            password_msg=data.pwd.toString();
            $('#pwd-msg').html('密碼'+ password_msg);
          }
          if(data.captcha){
            captcha_msg=data.captcha.toString();
            $('#captcha-msg').html(captcha_msg);
          }
          msg=data.__all__.toString();
          $('#active-msg').html(msg);

        }
      }
    });
  });

提升用戶交互體驗的js代碼：

$("input").bind('input propertychange', function() {
    $('#login-fail').html('');
    $('#user-msg').html('');
    $('#email-msg').html('');
    $('#pwd-msg').html('');
    $('#pwd-msg2').html('');
    $('#captcha-msg').html('');
  });

2.users/form.py代碼：（要驗證的字段名跟前端input框的name值要保持一致?。?/p>

from django import forms
from captcha.fields import CaptchaField
from .models import UserProfile


class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
  """注冊信息的驗證"""
  user = forms.CharField(required=True, error_messages={'required': '用戶名不能為空.'})
  email=forms.EmailField(required=True,error_messages={'required': '郵箱不能為空.'})
  pwd = forms.CharField(required=True,
             min_length=6,
             error_messages={'required': '密碼不能為空.', 'min_length': "至少6位"})
  pwd2 = forms.CharField(required=True,
             min_length=6,
             error_messages={'required': '密碼不能為空.', 'min_length': "至少6位"})
  captcha=CaptchaField(error_messages={'invalid':'驗證碼錯誤'})

  def clean(self):
    '''驗證兩次密碼是否一致'''
    p1=self.cleaned_data.get('pwd')
    p2=self.cleaned_data.get('pwd2')
    if p1!=p2:
      raise forms.ValidationError('兩次輸入密碼不一致')
    else:
      return self.cleaned_data

3.users/views.py中與注冊相關(guān)的代碼：

......

from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import UserProfile,ShopProfile
from users.form import RegisterForm
from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password
import json



class RegisterView(View):
  """郵箱注冊"""
  def post(self, request):
    register_form=RegisterForm(request.POST)
    if register_form.is_valid():
      user_name=request.POST.get('user','')
      email=request.POST.get('email','')
      pass_word=request.POST.get('pwd','')
      u=UserProfile.objects.filter(username=user_name).count()
      e=UserProfile.objects.filter(email=email).count()
      if u or e:
        return HttpResponse('{"status":"該用戶名或郵箱已被占用！"}')
      else:
        user_profile=UserProfile()
        user_profile.username=user_name
        user_profile.email=email
        user_profile.password=make_password(pass_word)
        user_profile.is_active=False
        user_profile.save()
        return HttpResponse('{"status":"注冊成功請去郵箱激活！"}')
    msg=register_form.errors
    msg=json.dumps(msg)
    return HttpResponse(msg)

4.配置users/urls.py注冊路由：

......

from .views import RegisterView
.....

urlpatterns = [

  ......

  path('register/',RegisterView.as_view(),name='register'),

  ......
  ]

三、郵箱激活已注冊的賬號：

1.新建個數(shù)據(jù)表存放郵箱激活碼：

在users/models.py中增加代碼：

class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
  """郵箱激活碼"""
  code=models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name='驗證碼')
  email=models.EmailField(max_length=50,verbose_name='郵箱')
  send_type=models.CharField(verbose_name='驗證碼類型',choices=(('register','注冊'),('forget','忘記密碼')),
                max_length=20)
  send_time=models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='發(fā)送時間',default=datetime.now)
  class Meta:
    verbose_name='郵箱驗證碼'
    verbose_name_plural=verbose_name
  def __str__(self):
    return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code,self.email)

在users/adminx.py中注冊數(shù)據(jù)表：

......

from .models import EmailVerifyRecord

......

class EmailVerifyRecordAdmin(object):
  list_display = ['code', 'email', 'send_type', 'send_time']
  search_fields = ['code', 'email', 'send_type']
  list_filter = ['code', 'email', 'send_type', 'send_time']

......

xadmin.site.register(EmailVerifyRecord,EmailVerifyRecordAdmin)

打開終端Terminal執(zhí)行更新數(shù)據(jù)庫命令：

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

2.寫發(fā)郵件的腳本：在apps/users/新建utils/email_send.py

from random import Random
from users.models import EmailVerifyRecord
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from xyw.settings import EMAIL_FROM


def random_str(randomlength=8):
  str=''
  chars='AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
  length=len(chars)-1
  random=Random()
  for i in range(randomlength):
    str+=chars[random.randint(0,length)]
  return str

def send_register_email(email,send_type='register'):
  email_record=EmailVerifyRecord()
  code=random_str(16)
  email_record.code=code
  email_record.email=email
  email_record.send_type=send_type
  email_record.save()

  email_title=''
  email_body=''

  if send_type=='register':
    email_title='雪易網(wǎng)注冊激活鏈接'
    email_body='請點擊下面的鏈接激活你的賬號：http://127.0.0.1:8000/active/{0}'.format(code)

    send_status=send_mail(email_title,email_body,EMAIL_FROM,[email])
    if send_status:
      pass
  elif send_type=='forget':
    email_title = '雪易密碼重置鏈接'
    email_body = '請點擊下面的鏈接重置你的密碼：http://127.0.0.1:8000/reset/{0}'.format(code)

    send_status = send_mail(email_title, email_body, EMAIL_FROM, [email])
    if send_status:
      pass

3.在settings.py中追加發(fā)送郵件的配置代碼：

EMAIL_HOST='smtp.sina.cn'
EMAIL_PORT=25
EMAIL_HOST_USER='xxxxxxxx@sina.cn' #你的郵箱
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD='********'
EMAIL_USE_TLS=False
EMAIL_FROM='xxxxxxx1@sina.cn' #同樣是你的郵箱，跟上面都是發(fā)信者郵箱
#我用的新浪的，也可以用別的

4.開啟新浪郵箱的smtp服務(wù)，不然不能自動發(fā)郵件的，步驟如下：

登錄新浪郵箱====》設(shè)置區(qū)====》客戶端pop/imp/smtp====》Pop3/SMTP服務(wù)====》服務(wù)狀態(tài)：開啟====》保存

5.增加激活功能

在users/views.py中增加激活類ActiveUserView(View)代碼：

......

from .models import EmailVerifyRecord

......

class ActiveUserView(View):
  """激活賬戶"""
  def get(self,request,active_code):
    all_records=EmailVerifyRecord.objects.filter(code=active_code)
    if all_records:
      for record in all_records:
        email=record.email
        user=UserProfile.objects.get(email=email)
        user.is_active=True
        user.save()
      
    return render(request,'index.html')

6.在users/views.py中

對注冊類 RegisterView(View)增加發(fā)送激活郵件的代碼：

......
from apps.utils.email_send import send_register_email


......

class RegisterView(View):
  """郵箱注冊"""
  def post(self, request):
  ......
  user_profile.save()

#發(fā)送郵件代碼start
  send_register_email(email,'register')
#發(fā)送郵件代碼end

  return HttpResponse('{"status":"注冊成功請去郵箱激活！"}')

對登錄LoginView(View)增加驗證賬戶激活與否的代碼：

class LoginView(View):
  """用戶登錄"""
  def post(self,request):
    user_name=request.POST.get("username","")
    pass_word=request.POST.get("pwd","")
    user=authenticate(username=user_name,password=pass_word)
    if user is not None:

#驗證賬戶是否已經(jīng)激活start
      if user.is_active:
        login(request,user)
        return HttpResponse('{"status":"success"}')
      else:
        return HttpResponse('{"status":"fail","msg":"賬戶未激活"}')

#驗證賬戶是否已經(jīng)激活end

    else:
      return HttpResponse('{"status":"fail","msg":"用戶名或密碼錯誤"}')

至此完成了用郵箱注冊及激活，很多時候，激活郵件都會被郵箱自動放入垃圾箱，而且從郵件點擊激活鏈接的時候，還會被提示一些警告信息，可以說通過郵箱注冊各種不如通過短信注冊，但是……省錢啊！^_^

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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