<img id="J_CheckCodeImg1" width="100" height="30" onmousedown="return false;" src="http://pin.aliyun.com/get_img?identity=sm-searchweb2&amp;sessionid=9c3a51d81de07ddf1bfd9bbc70863b0f&amp;type=default&amp;t=1511315617645">

<iframe id="sufei-dialog-content" frameborder="none" src="https://sec.1688.com/query.htm?style=mini&amp;smApp=searchweb2&amp;smPolicy=searchweb2-RpcAsyncAll-anti_Spider-checkcode&amp;smCharset=GBK&amp;smTag=MTIxLjE1LjI2LjIzMywzNTE1MTA4MjI5LGFlNGE1ZGI1YTQ4NDQ3NTNiYzY5OTZlZmU1OWE3Njhm&amp;smReturn=https%3A%2F%2Fs.1688.com%2Fselloffer%2Frpc_async_render.jsonp%3Fkeywords%3D%25CF%25B4%25CD%25EB%25B2%25BC%26startIndex%3D0%26n%3Dy%26pageSize%3D60%26rpcflag%3Dnew%26async%3Dtrue%26templateConfigName%3DmarketOfferresult%26enableAsync%3Dtrue%26qrwRedirectEnabled%3Dfalse%26filterP4pIds%3D1245873517%252C561786598916%252C559726907082%252C523166432402%252C557139543735%252C529784793813%252C543923733444%252C560590249743%26asyncCount%3D20%26_pageName_%3Dmarket%26offset%3D9%26uniqfield%3Dpic_tag_id%26leftP4PIds%3D%26callback%3DjQuery18305735956012709345_1511341604992%26beginPage%3D48%26_%3D1511341615310&amp;smSign=XKm5xSgAkIixvOkhV1VSyg%3D%3D" cd_frame_id_="c4ae94ef2bea60f0b4729f319df59251"></iframe>

# 前提是，在程序啟動(dòng)時(shí)，對(duì)瀏覽器窗口大小進(jìn)行了設(shè)置
from selenium import webdriver
import time
from PIL import Image
browser = webdriver.Chrome()
# 根據(jù)桌面分辨率來定，主要是為了抓到驗(yàn)證碼的截屏，驗(yàn)證碼需要出現(xiàn)在可視區(qū)域中
browser.set_window_size(960, 960)
# 處理驗(yàn)證碼彈窗
def captchaHandler(browser, DamatuInstance):
  iframeLst = browser.find_elements_by_tag_name('iframe')
  print(f"captchaHandler: enter , iframeLst = {iframeLst}")
  for iframe in iframeLst:
    iframeID = iframe.get_attribute('id')
    iframeSrc = iframe.get_attribute('src')
    print(f"captchaHandler: iframeID = {iframeID}, iframeSrc = {iframeSrc}")
    # 找到驗(yàn)證碼登錄iframe
    if iframeID and iframeID.find('dialog') != -1:
      if iframeSrc and iframeSrc.find(r'sec.1688.com') != -1:
        # 拿到iframe的寬度和高度
        frameWidth = iframe.size['width']
        frameHeight = iframe.size['height']
        # 代表驗(yàn)證碼區(qū)域可見
        # 某些情況下，會(huì)出現(xiàn)驗(yàn)證碼框不彈出，而iframe還在的暫態(tài)
        if frameWidth > 0 and frameHeight > 0:
          print(f"驗(yàn)證碼彈出, 進(jìn)行處理, frameWidth = {frameWidth}, frameHeight = {frameHeight}")
          # 截屏，在chrome中截取的是可視區(qū)域，而不是整個(gè)html頁(yè)面
          # 前提是當(dāng)前project下已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建了clawerImgs目錄
          browser.get_screenshot_as_file('clawerImgs/screenshot.png')
          # 先拿到iframe在整個(gè)可視頁(yè)面（也就是上面的截屏）中的相對(duì)位置，因?yàn)榍懊鎸?duì)頁(yè)面的窗口大小進(jìn)行了設(shè)置960 X 960
          # location_once_scrolled_into_view 拿到的是相對(duì)于可視區(qū)域的坐標(biāo)
          # location 拿到的是相對(duì)整個(gè)html頁(yè)面的坐標(biāo)
          frameX = int(iframe.location_once_scrolled_into_view['x'])
          frameY = int(iframe.location_once_scrolled_into_view['y'])
          print(f"captchaHandler: frameX = {frameX}, frameY = {frameY}, frameWidth = {frameWidth}, frameHeight = {frameHeight}")
          # 獲取指定元素位置，先拿iframe元素的圖片
          left = frameX
          top = frameY
          right = frameX + frameWidth
          bottom = frameY + frameHeight
          # 通過Image處理圖像，截取frame的圖片 ———— 無(wú)意義，只是做經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)
          imgFrame = Image.open('clawerImgs/screenshot.png')
          imgFrame = imgFrame.crop((left, top, right, bottom)) # 裁剪
          imgFrame.save('clawerImgs/iframe.png')
          # 切換到驗(yàn)證碼彈出框的frame，不然無(wú)法獲取到驗(yàn)證碼元素，因?yàn)轵?yàn)證碼元素是在iframe中
          browser.switch_to.frame(iframe)
          # ------獲取驗(yàn)證碼圖片，第一種方法：在frame區(qū)域截取
          # 獲取指定元素位置
          captchaElem = browser.find_element_by_xpath("http://img[contains(@id, 'CheckCodeImg')]")
          # 因?yàn)轵?yàn)證碼在frame中沒有縮放，直接取驗(yàn)證碼圖片的絕對(duì)坐標(biāo)
          # 這個(gè)坐標(biāo)是相對(duì)于它所屬的frame的，而不是整個(gè)可視區(qū)域
          captchaX = int(captchaElem.location['x'])
          captchaY = int(captchaElem.location['y'])
          # 取驗(yàn)證碼的寬度和高度
          captchaWidth = captchaElem.size['width']
          captchaHeight = captchaElem.size['height']
          captchaRight = captchaX + captchaWidth
          captchaBottom = captchaY + captchaHeight
          print(f"captchaHandler: 1 captchaX = {captchaX}, captchaY = {captchaY}, captchaWidth = {captchaWidth}, captchaHeight = {captchaHeight}")
          # 通過Image處理圖像，第一種方法：在frame區(qū)域截取
          imgObject = Image.open('clawerImgs/iframe.png')
          imgCaptcha = imgObject.crop((captchaX, captchaY, captchaRight, captchaBottom))   # 裁剪
          imgCaptcha.save('clawerImgs/captcha1.png')
          # ------獲取驗(yàn)證碼圖片，第二種方法：在整個(gè)可視區(qū)域截取。 就要加上這個(gè)iframe的便宜量
          captchaElem = browser.find_element_by_xpath("http://img[contains(@id, 'CheckCodeImg')]")
          captchaX = int(captchaElem.location['x']) + frameX
          captchaY = int(captchaElem.location['y']) + frameY
          captchaWidth = captchaElem.size['width']
          captchaHeight = captchaElem.size['height']
          captchaRight = captchaX + captchaWidth
          captchaBottom = captchaY + captchaHeight
          print(f"captchaHandler: 2 captchaX = {captchaX}, captchaY = {captchaY}, captchaWidth = {captchaWidth}, captchaHeight = {captchaHeight}")
          # 通過Image處理圖像，第二種方法：在整個(gè)可視區(qū)域截取
          imgObject = Image.open('clawerImgs/screenshot.png')
          imgCaptcha = imgObject.crop((captchaX, captchaY, captchaRight, captchaBottom))    # 裁剪
          imgCaptcha.save('clawerImgs/captcha2.png')

# 摘自https://www.cnblogs.com/my8100/p/7225408.html
chrome
  default：
    location 不滾動(dòng)，直接返回相對(duì)整個(gè)html的坐標(biāo) {'x': 15.0, 'y': 129.0}
    location_once_scrolled_into_view 返回相對(duì)可視區(qū)域的坐標(biāo)（改變?yōu)g覽器高度，可以觀察到底部元素底部對(duì)齊后y的變化）
      頂部/底部元素 完全可見不滾動(dòng)，{u'x': 15, u'y': 60}
      頂部元素部分可見或完全不可見都會(huì)滾動(dòng)到 頂部對(duì)齊 {u'x': 15, u'y': 0} account-wall
      底部元素部分可見或完全不可見都會(huì)滾動(dòng)到 底部對(duì)齊 {u'x': 15, u'y': 594} theme-list
  frame：
    location 不滾動(dòng)，直接返回相對(duì)frame即當(dāng)前相應(yīng)內(nèi)層html的坐標(biāo){'x': 255.0, 'y': 167.0} captcha_frame 的 lc-refresh
    location_once_scrolled_into_view 返回相對(duì)可視區(qū)域的坐標(biāo)
      完全可見不滾動(dòng){u'x': 273, u'y': 105}
      部分可見或完全不可見滾動(dòng)到 頂部對(duì)齊 {u'x': 273, u'y': 0}
  firefox
    default:
      頂部元素 底部元素
        location 不滾動(dòng)，直接返回相對(duì)整個(gè)html的坐標(biāo) {'x': 15.0, 'y': 130.0} {'x': 15.0, 'y': 707.0}
        location_once_scrolled_into_view 返回相對(duì)可視區(qū)域的坐標(biāo)（y=1足以說明）
          可見不可見 都滾動(dòng)到頂部對(duì)齊 {'x': 15.0, 'y': 1.0} {'x': 15.0, 'y': 1.0}
          如果下拉條直到底部，底部元素仍然無(wú)法頂部對(duì)齊 {'x': 15.0, 'y': 82.0}
    frame：
      location 不滾動(dòng)，都是相對(duì)frame即當(dāng)前相應(yīng)html的坐標(biāo){'x': 255.0, 'y': 166.0}
      location_once_scrolled_into_view 可見不可見都會(huì)滾動(dòng)到頂部對(duì)齊，（'y'依舊是166.0）
        結(jié)果也是相對(duì)frame即當(dāng)前相應(yīng)html的坐標(biāo){'x': 255.0, 'y': 166.0}
# 總結(jié)
location 
  始終不滾動(dòng)，返回相對(duì)整個(gè)html或者對(duì)應(yīng)frame的坐標(biāo)
location_once_scrolled_into_view
  chrome完全可見不滾動(dòng)，firefox始終會(huì)滾動(dòng)；而且chrome底部元素會(huì)底部對(duì)齊，其余情況兩者都是頂部對(duì)齊。
  一般返回相對(duì)可視區(qū)域坐標(biāo)，但是firefox的frame依舊返回相對(duì)frame的坐標(biāo)
# 摘自：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/25171554
selenium.webdriver 內(nèi)置了截取當(dāng)前頁(yè)面的功能，其中：
  a.WebDriver.Chrome自帶的方法只能對(duì)當(dāng)前窗口截屏，若是需要截取的窗口超過了一屏，就只能另辟蹊徑了。
  b.WebDriver.PhantomJS自帶的方法支持對(duì)整個(gè)網(wǎng)頁(yè)截屏。