import xlrd
import xlwt
import xlutils.copy

def save_as_new_file(file_name, new_file_name):
 # 打開(kāi)Excel文件
 rb = xlrd.open_workbook(file_name)
 # 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)可寫(xiě)入的副本
 wb = xlutils.copy.copy(rb)
 # 獲得第一個(gè)sheet頁(yè)簽
 ws = wb.get_sheet(0)
 # 第一個(gè)單元格寫(xiě)入測(cè)試值
 ws.write(0, 0, 'test value')
 # 另存為一個(gè)新文件
 wb.save(new_file_name)

rb = xlrd.open_workbook(file_name, formatting_info=True)

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font, Fill, Alignment, PatternFill

def write_new_excel(file_name):
 # 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)excel文檔
 wb = Workbook()
 # 獲得當(dāng)前激活的sheet對(duì)象
 ws = wb.active
 # 給A2單元格賦值
 ws['A2'] = 'This is A2 cell'
 # 一行添加多列數(shù)據(jù)
 ws.append([1, 2, 'hello'])
 # 添加新的sheet
 ws = wb.create_sheet(title='NewInfo',index=0)
 # 設(shè)置單元格的值
 ws['A1'] = 'This is new sheet'

 # 保存excel
 wb.save(file_name)

def read_update_excel(file_name):
 # 加載Excel表
 wb = load_workbook(file_name)
 # 打印sheet數(shù)量
 print('sheet count:', len(wb.sheetnames))
 # 打印所有sheet名字
 print('sheet name list:', wb.sheetnames)
 # 獲取第一個(gè)sheet對(duì)象
 ws = wb[wb.sheetnames[0]]
 # 打印sheet表行數(shù)和列數(shù)
 print('rows count:', ws.max_row, 'cols count:', ws.max_column)
 # 更新單元格A1的內(nèi)容
 ws['A1'] = 'this is A1'
 # 在第二行位置插入一行
 ws.insert_rows(2)
 # 刪除第五行
 ws.delete_rows(5)
 # 獲取單元格對(duì)象，對(duì)應(yīng)B2單元格
 cell = ws.cell(2,2)
 # 設(shè)置單元格內(nèi)容
 cell.value = 'this is B2'
 # 修改字體格式為粗體
 cell.font = Font(bold=True)
 # 修改單元格格式
 cell.fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="F0CDCD")

 # 保存原文件或另存一個(gè)文件
 wb.save(file_name)

import xlwings as xw

# 設(shè)置Excel程序不可見(jiàn)
app = xw.App(visible=False, add_book=False)

# 通過(guò) app 操作 Excel文件
# app.bala bala bala .....
# app.bala bala bala .....

# 優(yōu)雅的退出
app.quit()

def write_new_excel(app, file_name):
 # 創(chuàng)建新的 Excel 表
 wb = app.books.add()
 # 獲取當(dāng)前活動(dòng)的sheet
 ws = wb.sheets.active
 # 初始化二維區(qū)域的值
 arr_data = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 'end']]
 # 設(shè)置到新建的Excel中
 ws.range('A1:B3').value=arr_data
 # 設(shè)置單獨(dú)一個(gè)單元格的值
 ws.range('A4').value='this is A4'
 # 設(shè)置單獨(dú)一個(gè)單元格的值
 ws[3,1].value='this is B4'
 # 保存Excel文件
 wb.save(file_name)
 wb.close()

def read_update_excel(app, file_name):
 # 加載已有的表格
 load_wb = app.books.open(file_name)
 # 獲取Excel表中第一個(gè)sheet
 load_ws = load_wb.sheets[0]
 # 打印sheet的名字
 print(load_ws.name)
 # 根據(jù)sheet名字獲取sheet對(duì)象
 load_ws = load_wb.sheets[load_ws.name]
 # 獲取當(dāng)前活動(dòng)的sheet
 load_ws = load_wb.sheets.active

 # 獲取存在數(shù)據(jù)的行數(shù)和列數(shù)
 rows = load_ws.api.UsedRange.Rows.count
 cols = load_ws.api.UsedRange.Columns.count
 print('rows count:', rows, 'cols count:', cols)

 # 修改指定單元格數(shù)據(jù)（A1單元格）
 load_ws[0,0].value='this is A1'

 # 有空行或空列時(shí)獲取準(zhǔn)確的行列數(shù)量
 print(load_ws.used_range.shape)

 # 從A1單元格開(kāi)始擴(kuò)展到非空行空列，最后的行數(shù)和列數(shù)
 print((load_ws.range('A1').expand().last_cell.row,
  load_ws.range('A1').expand().last_cell.column))

 # 從A1單元格開(kāi)始擴(kuò)展到非空行空列，最后的行數(shù)和列數(shù)
 print((load_ws.range('A1').expand().last_cell.row,
  load_ws.range('A1').expand().last_cell.column))

 # 從A1單元格開(kāi)始擴(kuò)展到非空行空列，最后形狀
 print(load_ws.range(1,1).expand().shape)

 # 從A1單元格開(kāi)始擴(kuò)展到非空行空列，最后的行數(shù)和列數(shù)
 print((load_ws.range('A1').expand('table').rows.count,
  load_ws.range('A1').expand('table').columns.count))

 # 保存修改后的Excel
 load_wb.save(file_name)
 load_wb.close()

def insert_delete_rowscols(app, file_name):
 # 加載已有的表格
 load_wb = app.books.open(file_name)
 # 獲取當(dāng)前活動(dòng)的sheet
 load_ws = load_wb.sheets.active

 # 從第2行開(kāi)始插入4行，也就是說(shuō)2-5行變成新插入的空行
 load_ws.api.rows('2:5').insert
 # 刪除第6行和第7行
 load_ws.api.rows('6:7').delete
 # 插入一個(gè)單元格，實(shí)際測(cè)試效果是B列從B2開(kāi)始向下移動(dòng)，B2為新添加的單元格
 load_ws.range('B2').api.insert
 # 插入新的一列
 load_ws.api.columns('B').insert
 # 刪除一列
 load_ws.api.columns('C').delete

 # 保存修改后的Excel
 load_wb.save(file_name)
 load_wb.close()

def cell_operation(app, file_name):
 # 加載已有的表格
 load_wb = app.books.open(FILE_PATH_ROOT + file_name)
 # 獲取當(dāng)前活動(dòng)的sheet
 load_ws = load_wb.sheets.active

 # 合并單元格
 load_ws.range('A2:A3').api.merge

 #獲取單元格
 cell = xw.Range('B2')
 # 打印單元格所在的行和列
 print("row is:", cell.row, "col is:", cell.column)

 # 打印當(dāng)前格子的高度和寬度
 print("cell.width:", cell.width, "cell.height:", cell.height)

 # 設(shè)置當(dāng)前格子的高度和寬度
 cell.row_height = 32
 cell.column_width = 64

 # 指定單元格的高度和寬度自適應(yīng)
 cell.columns.autofit()
 cell.rows.autofit()

 # 再次打印當(dāng)前格子的高度和寬度
 print("cell.width:", cell.width, "cell.height:", cell.height)

 # 保存修改后的Excel
 load_wb.save(file_name)
 load_wb.close()