java輕量級規(guī)則引擎easy-rules使用介紹
輕量級規(guī)則引擎easy-rules--參考
我們在寫業(yè)務(wù)代碼經(jīng)常遇到需要一大堆if/else,會導(dǎo)致代碼可讀性大大降低,有沒有一種方法可以避免代碼中出現(xiàn)大量的判斷語句呢?答案是用規(guī)則引擎,但是傳統(tǒng)的規(guī)則引擎都比較重,比如開源的Drools,不適合在小需求中應(yīng)用。最近在github上面看到一個傻瓜式的Java規(guī)則引擎Easy-Rules,這里結(jié)合自己寫的demo介紹如何使用這個規(guī)則引擎,希望對大家有所幫助。
easy-rules的特點
- 輕量級類庫和容易上手
- 基于POJO的開發(fā)與注解的編程模型
- 基于MVEL表達(dá)式的編程模型(適用于極簡單的規(guī)則,一般不推薦)
- 支持根據(jù)簡單的規(guī)則創(chuàng)建組合規(guī)則
- 方便且適用于java的抽象的業(yè)務(wù)模型規(guī)則
它主要包括幾個主要的類或接口:Rule,RulesEngine,RuleListener,Facts還有幾個主要的注解:@Action,@Condition,@Fact,@Priority,@Rule
例1:基于POJO開發(fā)與注解的編程模型:判斷1-50中,被3或者8整除的數(shù)
首先maven 引入easy-rules
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jeasy</groupId>
<artifactId>easy-rules-core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jeasy</groupId>
<artifactId>easy-rules-mvel</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
編寫規(guī)則POJO:
規(guī)則1
@Rule(name = "被3整除", description = "number如果被3整除,打?。簄umber is three")
public class ThreeRule {
/**
* Condition:條件判斷注解:如果return true, 執(zhí)行Action
*
* @param number
* @return
*/
@Condition
public boolean isThree(@Fact("number") int number) {
return number % 3 == 0;
}
/**
* Action 執(zhí)行方法注解
*
* @param number
*/
@Action
public void threeAction(@Fact("number") int number) {
System.out.println(number + " is three");
}
/**
* Priority:優(yōu)先級注解:return 數(shù)值越小,優(yōu)先級越高
*
* @return
*/
@Priority
public int getPriority() {
return 1;
}
}
規(guī)則2
@Rule(name = "被8整除")
public class EightRule {
/**
* 條件
*
* @param number
* @return
*/
@Condition
public boolean isEight(@Fact("number") int number) {
return number % 8 == 0;
}
/**
* 滿足條件的動作
*
* @param number
*/
@Action
public void eightAction(@Fact("number") int number) {
System.out.println(number + " is eight");
}
/**
* 條件判斷的優(yōu)先級
*
* @return
*/
@Priority
public int getPriority() {
return 2;
}
}
規(guī)則3(組合規(guī)則-同時執(zhí)行)
@Rule(name = "被3和8同時整除", description = "這是一個組合規(guī)則")
public class ThreeEightRuleUnitGroup extends UnitRuleGroup {
public ThreeEightRuleUnitGroup(Object... rules) {
for (Object rule : rules) {
addRule(rule);
}
}
@Override
public int getPriority() {
return 0;
}
}
規(guī)則4
@Rule(name = "既不被3整除也不被8整除", description = "打印number自己")
public class OtherRule {
@Condition
public boolean isOther(@Fact("number") int number){
return number % 3 != 0 || number % 8 != 0;
}
@Action
public void printSelf(@Fact("number") int number){
System.out.print(number);
}
@Priority
public int getPriority(){
return 3;
}
}
執(zhí)行規(guī)則
public class ThreeEightRuleLauncher {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/**
* 創(chuàng)建規(guī)則執(zhí)行引擎
* 注意: skipOnFirstAppliedRule意思是,只要匹配到第一條規(guī)則就跳過后面規(guī)則匹配
*/
RulesEngineParameters parameters = new
RulesEngineParameters().skipOnFirstAppliedRule(true);
RulesEngine rulesEngine = new DefaultRulesEngine(parameters);
//創(chuàng)建規(guī)則
Rules rules = new Rules();
rules.register(new EightRule());
rules.register(new ThreeRule());
rules.register(new ThreeEightRuleUnitGroup(new EightRule(), new ThreeRule()));
rules.register(new OtherRule());
Facts facts = new Facts();
for (int i=1 ; i<=50 ; i++){
//規(guī)則因素,對應(yīng)的name,要和規(guī)則里面的@Fact 一致
facts.put("number", i);
//執(zhí)行規(guī)則
rulesEngine.fire(rules, facts);
System.out.println();
}
}
}
例2:基于MVEL表達(dá)式的編程模型
本例演示如何使用MVEL表達(dá)式定義規(guī)則,MVEL通過Easy-Rules MVEL模塊提供。此模塊包含使用MVEL定義規(guī)則的API。我們將在這里使用這些API,其目標(biāo)是實現(xiàn)一個簡單的商店應(yīng)用程序,要求如下:禁止兒童購買酒精,成年人的最低法定年齡為18歲。 商店顧客由Person類定義:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Person {
private String name;
private boolean adult;
private int age;
//getter, setter 省略
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
}
我們定義兩個規(guī)則:
- 規(guī)則1:可以更新Person實例,判斷年齡是否大于18歲,并設(shè)置成人標(biāo)志。
- 規(guī)則2:判斷此人是否為成年人,并拒絕兒童(即非成年人)購買酒精。
顯然,規(guī)則1的優(yōu)先級要大于規(guī)則2,我們可以設(shè)置規(guī)則1的Priority為1,規(guī)則2的Priority為2,這樣保證規(guī)則引擎在執(zhí)行規(guī)則的時候,按優(yōu)先級的順序執(zhí)行規(guī)則。
規(guī)則1的定義
Rule ageRule = new MVELRule()
.name("age rule")
.description("Check if person's age is > 18 and marks the person as adult")
.priority(1)
.when("person.age > 18")
.then("person.setAdult(true);");
規(guī)則2的定義,我們放到alcohol-rule.yml文件中
name: "alcohol rule" description: "children are not allowed to buy alcohol" priority: 2 condition: "person.isAdult() == false" actions: - "System.out.println(\"Shop: Sorry, you are not allowed to buy alcohol\");"
執(zhí)行規(guī)則
public class ShopLauncher {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//創(chuàng)建一個Person實例(Fact)
Person tom = new Person("Tom", 19);
Facts facts = new Facts();
facts.put("person", tom);
//創(chuàng)建規(guī)則1
Rule ageRule = new MVELRule()
.name("age rule")
.description("Check if person's age is > 18 and marks the person as adult")
.priority(1)
.when("person.age > 18")
.then("person.setAdult(true);");
//創(chuàng)建規(guī)則2
Rule alcoholRule = new MVELRuleFactory(new YamlRuleDefinitionReader()).
createRule(new FileReader(ResourceUtils.getFile("classpath:alcohol-rule.yml")));
Rules rules = new Rules();
rules.register(ageRule);
rules.register(alcoholRule);
//創(chuàng)建規(guī)則執(zhí)行引擎,并執(zhí)行規(guī)則
RulesEngine rulesEngine = new DefaultRulesEngine();
System.out.println("Tom: Hi! can I have some Vodka please?");
rulesEngine.fire(rules, facts);
System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(tom));
}
}
執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:

本篇主要介紹easy-rules的使用
深入了解原理,可以查看github源碼:https://github.com/j-easy/easy-rules
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