python GUI模擬實現(xiàn)計算器

更新時間：2020年06月22日 11:14:16 作者：sea_kingdom

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了python GUI模擬實現(xiàn)計算器，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

python編寫計算器，供大家參考，具體內(nèi)容如下

（1）計算器界面如下：

（2）基本滿足了計算器的所有需求，使用時不可鍵盤輸入，只能鼠標(biāo)點擊左鍵才可執(zhí)行。初始時顯示0.0，每次輸入的內(nèi)容存于D:\num.txt(啟動程序時自動創(chuàng)建)

（3）" AC " 記錄清零返回初始 0.0；" delete " 刪除上一個輸入內(nèi)容；" +/- " 將正數(shù)為負(fù)數(shù)，負(fù)數(shù)為正數(shù)

（4）對于不同的進(jìn)制數(shù)值系統(tǒng)，小數(shù)的精準(zhǔn)值不同。
因此計算機(jī)會出現(xiàn) 0.1+0.2=0.3000000000004 的現(xiàn)象
能對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行截斷處理，可以解決問題，但精度喪失。
（此計算機(jī)沒有進(jìn)行截斷處理）

import tkinter,os
from tkinter import *

def temp(string):#空白間隔
  temp=tkinter.Frame(string,width=20,height=50)
  temp.pack()

flag=0
node=0
def num_work():   #更新顯示框Lable
  global flag
  global node
  with open("D:\\num.txt") as f:
    for length in f:
      string=length
  top_work.configure(text=string.strip('\n'))  # 重新設(shè)置標(biāo)簽文本
  root.after(500,num_work) # 每隔0.5s調(diào)用函數(shù)num_work自身獲取結(jié)果

def num_math_int(num1,num2):#整數(shù)運(yùn)算
  try:
    if num2[0]=='+':
      string=int(num1)+int(num2[1:])
    elif num2[0]=='-':
      string=int(num1)-int(num2[1:])
    elif num2[0]=='x':
      string=int(num1)*int(num2[1:])
    elif num2[0]=='/':
      string=int(num1)/int(num2[1:])
      
    with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f:
      f.write('\n'+str(string)+'\n')
  except:
    with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f:
        f.write('\n錯誤')
def num_math_float(num1,num2):#小數(shù)運(yùn)算
  try:
    if num2[0]=='+':
      string=float(num1)+float(num2[1:])
    elif num2[0]=='-':
      string=float(num1)-float(num2[1:])
    elif num2[0]=='x':
      string=float(num1)*float(num2[1:])
    elif num2[0]=='/':
      string=float(num1)/float(num2[1:])
    if flag==0:
      with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f:
        f.write('\n'+str(string)+'\n')
    else:
      with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f:
        f.write('\n'+str(string))
  except:
    with open("D:\\num.txt",'a') as f:
        f.write('\n錯誤')
def decimal(num):
  if num.count('%')>0:
    num=num.replace('%','')
    num=num.replace('\n','')
    if num.isnumeric():
      num=str(float(num)/100)
    else:
      num=num[0]+str(float(num[1:])/100)
  return num
    
def work(string):#按鍵對應(yīng)的功能
  if string.isnumeric():
    with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
      file.write(string)
  else:
    #讀取文件D:\\num.txt所有內(nèi)容
    lists=[]
    with open("D:\\num.txt","r") as file:
      for length in file:
        lists.append(length)
          
    if string=='AC':
      with open("D:\\num.txt","w") as file:
        file.write('0.0\n')
        
    elif string=='=':
      num1=lists[-2]
      num2=lists[-1]
      if num1=='\n':#解決末尾為換行的情況
        num1=lists[-3]
        
      #將百分?jǐn)?shù)小數(shù)化
      #出現(xiàn)結(jié)果多0.0000000001
      num1=decimal(num1)
      num2=decimal(num2)
        
      try:      #判斷兩個數(shù)是整數(shù)還是小數(shù)
        number=int(num1)
        number=int(num2[1:])
        num_math_int(num1,num2)#兩個數(shù)進(jìn)行整數(shù)運(yùn)算
      except:
        num_math_float(num1,num2)#兩個數(shù)進(jìn)行小數(shù)運(yùn)算
        
    elif string=='.':
      if lists[-1].count('.')==0:#判斷結(jié)尾是否有小數(shù)點，沒有寫入否則報錯
        with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
          file.write(string)
      else:
        with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
          file.write('\n錯誤')
          
    elif string=='+/-':
      if lists[-1].count('-')==0:#-+為-
        if lists[-1].count('+')==1:
          lists[-1]=lists[-1].replace('+','')
        lists[-1]='-'+lists[-1]
      else:           #--為+
        lists[-1]=lists[-1].replace('-','+')
      #更新文件
      with open("D:\\num.txt","w") as file:
        pass
      for length in lists:
        with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
          file.write(length)
          
    elif string=='delete':
      number=lists[-1]
      lists[-1]=number[0:(len(number)-1)]#刪除一位
      #更新文件
      with open("D:\\num.txt","w") as file:
        pass
      for length in lists:
        with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
          file.write(length)
    elif string=='%':
      if lists[-1].endswith("%")==False:
        with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
          file.write(string)
      else:
        with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
          file.write('\n錯誤')
      
    else:
      with open("D:\\num.txt","a") as file:
        file.write('\n'+string)
  
def run():#計算器顯示界面主體
  
  if os.path.exists("D:\\num.txt")==False:
    with open("D:\\num.txt",'w') as f:
      f.write('0.0\n')
      
  global root#定義全局變量root,方便Label更新
  root=tkinter.Tk()
  root.title("計算器")
  
  #x = root.winfo_screenwidth()
  #獲取當(dāng)前屏幕的寬
  #y = root.winfo_screenheight()
  #獲取當(dāng)前屏幕的高
  #print(((x-500)//2),((y-600)//2))#為居中提供的參數(shù)
  
  root.geometry('400x500+760+290')#主體長400，高500，居中
  top=tkinter.Frame(root,width=20,height=50)
  top.pack()

  global top_work#定義全局變量root
  temp(top)#空白間隔
  #計算器顯示框
  top_work=tkinter.Label(top,text='',justify='left',relief=SUNKEN,bd=10,bg='white',width=40)
  top_work.pack(side='bottom')#計算器顯示框（位置居下）
  num_work()
  temp(root)#空白間隔
  
  number=tkinter.Frame(root)#成放計算機(jī)鍵盤的容器
  number.pack()
  #所有按鍵，AC鍵為事例
  numberAC=tkinter.Button(number,text="AC",width=10,command=lambda : work('AC')).grid(row=0,column=0)
  #左鍵點擊，執(zhí)行函數(shù)work
  #按鍵位置（0,0）
  
  numberdelete=tkinter.Button(number,text="delete",width=10,command=lambda : work('delete')).grid(row=0,column=1)
  numberzhengfu=tkinter.Button(number,text="+/-",width=10,command=lambda : work('+/-')).grid(row=0,column=2)
  numberchu=tkinter.Button(number,text="/",width=10,command=lambda : work('/')).grid(row=0,column=3)
  
  tkinter.Button(number,text="7",width=10,command=lambda : work('7')).grid(row=1,column=0)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="8",width=10,command=lambda : work('8')).grid(row=1,column=1)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="9",width=10,command=lambda : work('9')).grid(row=1,column=2)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="x",width=10,command=lambda : work('x')).grid(row=1,column=3)
  
  tkinter.Button(number,text="4",width=10,command=lambda : work('4')).grid(row=2,column=0)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="5",width=10,command=lambda : work('5')).grid(row=2,column=1)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="6",width=10,command=lambda : work('6')).grid(row=2,column=2)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="-",width=10,command=lambda : work('-')).grid(row=2,column=3)
  
  tkinter.Button(number,text="1",width=10,command=lambda : work('1')).grid(row=3,column=0)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="2",width=10,command=lambda : work('2')).grid(row=3,column=1)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="3",width=10,command=lambda : work('3')).grid(row=3,column=2)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="+",width=10,command=lambda : work('+')).grid(row=3,column=3)
  
  tkinter.Button(number,text="%",width=10,command=lambda : work('%')).grid(row=4,column=0)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="0",width=10,command=lambda : work('0')).grid(row=4,column=1)
  tkinter.Button(number,text=".",width=10,command=lambda : work('.')).grid(row=4,column=2)
  tkinter.Button(number,text="=",width=10,command=lambda : work('=')).grid(row=4,column=3)

  root.mainloop()
if __name__=='__main__':
  run()

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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