Django用戶認(rèn)證系統(tǒng)如何實現(xiàn)自定義
自定義用戶認(rèn)證系統(tǒng)
Django 自帶的用戶認(rèn)證系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)可以滿足大部分的情況,但是有時候我們需要某些特定的需求。Django 支持使用其他認(rèn)證系統(tǒng)、也可以擴展Django的User模塊,完全自定義新的認(rèn)證模塊。
參考:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/auth/customizing/
a、拷貝以下代碼到model文件中:
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
)
class MyUserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, name, password=None):
"""
Creates and saves a User with the given email, date of
birth and password.
"""
if not email:
raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')
user = self.model(
email=self.normalize_email(email),
name=name,
)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, name, password):
"""
Creates and saves a superuser with the given email, date of
birth and password.
"""
user = self.create_user(
email,
password=password,
name=name,
)
user.is_admin = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
class UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser):
'''賬號表'''
email = models.EmailField(
verbose_name='email address',
max_length=255,
unique=True,
)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
objects = MyUserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name']
def __str__(self):
return self.email
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
"Does the user have a specific permission?"
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
"Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
@property
def is_staff(self):
"Is the user a member of staff?"
# Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff
return self.is_admin
注意:email, name等字段都是可以自定義的
b、在admin.py中添加如下代碼:
from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField
from customauth.models import MyUser
class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
fields, plus a repeated password."""
password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
class Meta:
model = MyUser
fields = ('email', 'date_of_birth')
def clean_password2(self):
# Check that the two password entries match
password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
return password2
def save(self, commit=True):
# Save the provided password in hashed format
user = super().save(commit=False)
user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
if commit:
user.save()
return user
class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
password hash display field.
"""
password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
class Meta:
model = MyUser
fields = ('email', 'password', 'date_of_birth', 'is_active', 'is_admin')
def clean_password(self):
# Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
# This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
# field does not have access to the initial value
return self.initial["password"]
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
# The forms to add and change user instances
form = UserChangeForm
add_form = UserCreationForm
# The fields to be used in displaying the User model.
# These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin
# that reference specific fields on auth.User.
list_display = ('email', 'date_of_birth', 'is_admin')
list_filter = ('is_admin',)
fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
('Personal info', {'fields': ('date_of_birth',)}),
('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_admin',)}),
)
# add_fieldsets is not a standard ModelAdmin attribute. UserAdmin
# overrides get_fieldsets to use this attribute when creating a user.
add_fieldsets = (
(None, {
'classes': ('wide',),
'fields': ('email', 'date_of_birth', 'password1', 'password2')}
),
)
search_fields = ('email',)
ordering = ('email',)
filter_horizontal = ()
# Now register the new UserAdmin...
admin.site.register(MyUser, UserAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's built-in permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
admin.site.unregister(Group)
C、 在settings.py中添加配置:
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'customauth.MyUser' #customauth指APP name, MyUser指自定義的用戶表model類
(這個時候仍然可以使用django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout 等認(rèn)證方法,只是保存數(shù)據(jù)的表不一樣)
D、創(chuàng)建超級用戶
首先我們要新建一個用戶名,用來登陸管理網(wǎng)站,可以使用如下命令:
python manage.py createsuperuser
輸入想要使用的用戶名:
Username (leave blank to use 'administrator'): user01
輸入email:
Email address: (在這里輸入你的自己的郵箱帳號)
輸入密碼,需要輸入兩次,并且輸入密碼時不會顯示出來:
Password:
Password (again):
當(dāng)兩次密碼都相同的時候,就會提示超級帳號創(chuàng)建成功。
Superuser created successfully.
E、使用:
用前一步創(chuàng)建的用戶,登陸后臺管理系統(tǒng)http://0.0.0.0:8081/admin/
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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