try:
  born() # 出生

  # 正常降臨世界
  # do something..

except ValueError:
  # 安排錯(cuò)誤
  # do something...

except AttributeError:
  # 特征錯(cuò)誤
  # do something...

except TypeError:
  # 種類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤
  # do something...

... # 等等雜七雜八的錯(cuò)誤

finally:
  go_die() # 掛掉
  come_to_see_me() # 然后來(lái)見(jiàn)我
  reincarnate() # 下一輪，安排！

...

finally:
  try:
    go_die()
  finally:
    try:
      come_to_see_me()
    finally:
      reincarnate()

def type_err():
  raise TypeError('this is a type error.')

def after_type_err():
  raise ValueError('this is a value error.')

try:
  type_err()
except TypeError:
  after_type_err()

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<ipython-input-4-189a22d65266>", line 8, in <module>
  type_err()
 File "<ipython-input-4-189a22d65266>", line 2, in type_err
  raise TypeError('this is a type error.')
TypeError: this is a type error.

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "C:\Users\lineu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 3326, in run_code
  exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
 File "<ipython-input-4-189a22d65266>", line 10, in <module>
  after_type_err()
 File "<ipython-input-4-189a22d65266>", line 5, in after_type_err
  raise ValueError('this is a value error.')
ValueError: this is a value error.

class FinalExecutor(object):
  """終極執(zhí)行器
  用于確保你所有的方法都會(huì)被執(zhí)行（不管中途有沒(méi)有方法報(bào)錯(cuò)）
  同時(shí)能看到正確的錯(cuò)誤信息
  """

  def __init__(self):
    self.last_err = None # 保存最近發(fā)生的錯(cuò)誤

  def __enter__(self):
    return self

  def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
    # 如果有發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤，則拋出
    if self.last_err:
      raise self.last_err

  def call(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
    """調(diào)用執(zhí)行方法"""
    try:
      func(*args, **kwargs)
    except Exception as e:
      # Exception 捕獲所有繼承自它或它子類(lèi)的錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型
      # 捕獲它等于捕獲幾乎所有錯(cuò)誤

      if self.last_err:
        # 將本次錯(cuò)誤的上下文定義為上一次錯(cuò)誤
        e.__context__ = self.last_err

      # 更新為當(dāng)前錯(cuò)誤
      self.last_err = e

# 定義 3 個(gè)方法用于測(cè)試
def type_err():
  print('type error')
  raise TypeError('x')


def value_err():
  print('value error')
  raise ValueError('x')


def attr_err():
  print('attr error')
  raise AttributeError('x')


# 使用 with 語(yǔ)句來(lái)啟動(dòng)終極執(zhí)行器
with FinalExecutor() as e:
  e.call(type_err)
  e.call(value_err)
  e.call(attr_err)

type error
value error
attr error
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<ipython-input-5-1b07c576630b>", line 19, in call
  func(*args, **kwargs)
 File "<ipython-input-6-d602d89ed0e7>", line 3, in type_err
  raise TypeError('x')
TypeError: x

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<ipython-input-5-1b07c576630b>", line 19, in call
  func(*args, **kwargs)
 File "<ipython-input-6-d602d89ed0e7>", line 8, in value_err
  raise ValueError('x')
ValueError: x

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "C:\Users\lineu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py", line 3326, in run_code
  exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
 File "<ipython-input-6-d602d89ed0e7>", line 19, in <module>
  e.call(attr_err)
 File "<ipython-input-5-1b07c576630b>", line 15, in __exit__
  raise self.last_err
 File "<ipython-input-5-1b07c576630b>", line 19, in call
  func(*args, **kwargs)
 File "<ipython-input-6-d602d89ed0e7>", line 13, in attr_err
  raise AttributeError('x')
AttributeError: x

from contextlib import ExitStack


with ExitStack() as stack:
  stack.callback(type_err)
  stack.callback(value_err)
  stack.callback(attr_err)