python 實(shí)現(xiàn)socket服務(wù)端并發(fā)的四種方式

更新時(shí)間：2020年12月14日 16:57:55 作者：the3times

這篇文章主要介紹了python 實(shí)現(xiàn)socket服務(wù)端并發(fā)的四種方式，幫助大家更好的理解和使用python，感興趣的朋友可以了解下

多進(jìn)程&多線程

服務(wù)端：多進(jìn)程和多線程的開啟方式相同。

缺點(diǎn)：<1> 由于Cpython的GIL，導(dǎo)致同一時(shí)間無法運(yùn)行多個(gè)線程；<2> 不可能無限開進(jìn)進(jìn)程或線程

解決辦法：多進(jìn)程、concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor、線程池

import socket
from multiprocessing import Process
from threading import Thread


class MyTcpServer:
  def __init__(self, ip, port):
    self.ip = ip
    self.port = port
    self.server = socket.socket()
    self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
    self.server.listen(5)

  def wait_accept(self):
    conn, addr = self.server.accept()
    return conn, addr

  def handle_request(self, conn):
    while 1:
      try:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        conn.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    conn.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888)
  while 1:
    conn, addr = server.wait_accept()
    p = Process(target=server.handle_request, args=(conn, ))	# 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)進(jìn)程
    p.start()	# 告訴操作提供，開啟這個(gè)進(jìn)程

進(jìn)程池&線程池

異步提交任務(wù)，支持異步接收返回結(jié)果(submit返回一個(gè)futures對象，調(diào)用add_done_callback方法)

import socket
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
# from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor


class MyTcpServer:
  def __init__(self, ip, port):
    self.ip = ip
    self.port = port
    self.server = socket.socket()
    self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
    self.server.listen(5)

  def wait_accept(self):
    conn, addr = self.server.accept()
    return conn, addr

  def handle_request(self, conn):
    while 1:
      try:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        conn.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    conn.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888)
  pool = ProcessPoolExecutor(5)    # 5個(gè)進(jìn)程一直服務(wù)

  while 1:
    conn, addr = server.wait_accept()
    pool.submit(server.handle_request, conn)	# 異步提交任務(wù)

socketserver

優(yōu)點(diǎn)：簡化socket服務(wù)端創(chuàng)建流程。
提供服務(wù)端串行和并發(fā)兩種服務(wù)模式（TCPServer，ThreadingTCPServer）
缺點(diǎn)：windows上無法使用多進(jìn)程實(shí)現(xiàn)并發(fā)

import socketserver


class MyTcpHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
  def handle(self):		# 通信循環(huán)
    while 1:
      try:
        data = self.request.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        self.request.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    self.request.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  ip_port = '127.0.0.1', 8888
  server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(ip_port, MyTcpHandler) # 異步處理 
  server.serve_forever()		# 連接循環(huán)

協(xié)程

優(yōu)點(diǎn)：單線程內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)并發(fā)，代碼級別模擬IO切換，提高程序運(yùn)行效率

from gevent import spawn, monkey;monkey.patch_all()		# 猴子補(bǔ)丁，補(bǔ)丁:常規(guī)IO
import socket


class MyTcpServer:
  def __init__(self, ip, port, my_spawn):
    self.ip = ip
    self.port = port
    self.server = socket.socket()
    self.server.bind((self.ip, self.port))
    self.server.listen(5)
    self.spawn = my_spawn		# 保存spawn本地

  def wait_accept(self):
    while 1:
      conn, addr = self.server.accept()
      self.spawn(self.handle_request, conn)	# 檢測 handle_request的io

  def handle_request(self, conn):
    while 1:
      try:
        data = conn.recv(1024)
        if not data: break
        conn.send(data.upper())
      except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        break
    conn.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  server = MyTcpServer('127.0.0.1', 8888, spawn)
  g1 = server.spawn(server.wait_accept)	# 檢測wait_accept的io
  g1.join()	# 等待g1運(yùn)行結(jié)束，即一直在循環(huán)檢測io

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