python 實(shí)現(xiàn)Requests發(fā)送帶cookies的請求

更新時間：2021年02月08日 11:07:27 作者：葛木瓜

這篇文章主要介紹了python 實(shí)現(xiàn)Requests發(fā)送帶cookies請求的方法，幫助大家更好的理解和使用python，感興趣的朋友可以了解下

一、緣起

最近學(xué)習(xí)【悠悠課堂】的接口自動化教程，文中提到Requests發(fā)送帶cookies請求的方法，筆者隨之也將其用于手頭實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中，大致如下

二、背景

實(shí)際需求是監(jiān)控平臺側(cè)下發(fā)消息有無異常，如有異常便觸發(fā)報警推送郵件，項(xiàng)目中下發(fā)消息接口需要帶cookies

三、說明

腳本的工程名為ynJxhdSendMsg，大致結(jié)構(gòu)如下圖

sendMsg.py為主程序，函數(shù)checkMsg為在已發(fā)消息列表中查找已下發(fā)消息，函數(shù)sendMsg為發(fā)消息并根據(jù)結(jié)果返回對應(yīng)的標(biāo)識
sendAlertEmail.py為發(fā)送郵件程序，在sendMsg.py中根據(jù)不同標(biāo)識調(diào)用sendAlertEmail.py下的send_alert_email函數(shù)發(fā)報警郵件

四、實(shí) 現(xiàn)

【重點(diǎn)】發(fā)請求之前先加載cookies，方法如下

~
......
~
# 加載cookies
# 第一步，引入RequestsCookieJar()
coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
# 第二步，設(shè)置cookies參數(shù)，coo.set('key', 'value')
coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
# 第三步，引入seeeion()，并update
sess = requests.session()
sess.cookies.update(coo)
~
......
~

sendMsg.py

發(fā)送帶當(dāng)前時間戳的特定消息，在發(fā)送成功后便于通過時間戳檢索
函數(shù)checkMsg為在已發(fā)消息列表中查找已下發(fā)消息
函數(shù)sendMsg為發(fā)消息并根據(jù)結(jié)果返回對應(yīng)的標(biāo)識
導(dǎo)入sendAlertEmail模塊的send_alert_email方法，在sendMsg.py中根據(jù)不同標(biāo)識調(diào)用send_alert_email函數(shù)發(fā)報警郵件

#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
# author: 葛木瓜
# 2018.12.20

import requests
import time
import re
import sys
sys.path.append('./')
from sendAlertEmail import send_alert_email

now = time.strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S') # 獲取當(dāng)前時間
sendMsg_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendMessage.action'
msgList_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendedMessageList.action'
headers = {
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:56.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/56.0',
  'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
  }
payload = {
  'showFlag': '0',
  'type': '1',
  'fsnl': 'on',
  'receiversId_': '63110542',
  'receiveName': '9705家長;',
  'content': 'Test msg sending,time ' + now,
  'templateType': '1',
  'addTeachername': '0',
  'isGreed': '0',
  'send': '1',
  'startDayTime': '2018-12-20',
  'hourss': '22',
  'munit': '29',
  'selectRole': '2',
  'receiversIds': '63110542',
  'templateFlag': '0'
}

# 加載cookies
coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
sess = requests.session()
sess.cookies.update(coo)


def checkMsg():
  """
  在已發(fā)送短信列表檢查已發(fā)送短信
  :return:
  """
  i = 1
  while True:
    try:
      cm_resp = sess.get(msgList_url, headers=headers, allow_redirects=False)
    except Exception as e:
      return str(e)
    else:
      time.sleep(1)
      cm_key = re.findall('Test msg sending,time33 ' + now, cm_resp.text)
      i += 1
      if i <= 30:
        if len(cm_key):
          break
      else:
        cm_key = ['More than 30 times,no result']
        break
  print('Request %d times' % i)
  return cm_key


def sendMsg():
  """
  send message
  :return:
  """
  try:
    resp = sess.post(sendMsg_url, headers=headers, data=payload, allow_redirects=False)
  except Exception as e:
    return str(e)
  else:
    if resp.status_code == 200:
      key = re.findall('通知發(fā)送已成功', resp.text)
      cm_key = checkMsg()
      # print(key, cm_key)
      if len(key) and len(cm_key):
        if cm_key[0] == 'Test msg sending,time ' + now:
          return 200
        elif cm_key[0] == 'More than 30 times,no result':
          return 'More than 30 times,no result'
        else:
          # print('Check Msg connect fail:' + str(cm_key))
          return 'Check Msg connect fail: ' + cm_key
    elif resp.status_code == 302:
      return 302
    else:
      return resp.status_code


if __name__ == '__main__':

  receiver = ['**@***.com'] # 收件人郵件列表
  status = sendMsg()
  print(status)
  if status == 200:
    alert_content = "normal"
    print('Test Success!')
  elif status == 'More than 30 times,no result':
    alert_content = "短信已發(fā)送，查詢已發(fā)狀態(tài)失??！"
  elif 'Check Msg connect fail:' in str(status):
    alert_content = "短信已發(fā)送，無法查詢已發(fā)狀態(tài)，報錯信息：%s" % status.split(':')[-1]
  elif status == 302:
    alert_content = "Session失效，請重新獲取'JSESSIONID'！"
  else:
    alert_content = "短信下發(fā)失敗，報錯信息：%s" % status
  if alert_content != "normal":
    send_alert_email(receiver, alert_content)

sendAlertEmail.py，方法較常見，此處略