/***gcc -o libpycall.so -shared -fPIC pycall.c*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int foo(int a, int b)
{
 printf("you input %d and %d\n", a, b);
 return a+b;
}

import ctypes
ll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary 
lib = ll("./libpycall.so") 
lib.foo(1, 3)
print '***finish***'

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
class TestLib
{
 public:
  void display();
  void display(int a);
};
void TestLib::display() {
 cout<<"First display"<<endl;
}
void TestLib::display(int a) {
 cout<<"Second display:"<<a<<endl;
}
extern "C" {
 TestLib obj;
 void display() {
  obj.display(); 
  }
 void display_int() {
  obj.display(2); 
  }
}

import ctypes
so = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary 
lib = so("./libpycallclass.so") 
print 'display()'
lib.display()
print 'display(100)'
lib.display_int(100)

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int test()
{
 int a = 10, b = 5;
 return a+b;
}
int main()
{
 cout<<"---begin---"<<endl;
 int num = test();
 cout<<"num="<<num<<endl;
 cout<<"---end---"<<endl;
}

import commands
import os
main = "./testmain"
if os.path.exists(main):
 rc, out = commands.getstatusoutput(main)
 print 'rc = %d, \nout = %s' % (rc, out)
 
print '*'*10
f = os.popen(main) 
data = f.readlines() 
f.close() 
print data
 
print '*'*10
os.system(main)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int fac(int n)
{
 if (n < 2) return(1); /* 0! == 1! == 1 */
 return (n)*fac(n-1); /* n! == n*(n-1)! */
}
char *reverse(char *s)
{
 register char t,     /* tmp */
   *p = s,      /* fwd */
   *q = (s + (strlen(s) - 1)); /* bwd */
 while (p < q)    /* if p < q */
 {
  t = *p;   /* swap & move ptrs */
  *p++ = *q;
  *q-- = t;
 }
 return(s);
}
int main()
{
 char s[BUFSIZ];
 printf("4! == %d\n", fac(4));
 printf("8! == %d\n", fac(8));
 printf("12! == %d\n", fac(12));
 strcpy(s, "abcdef");
 printf("reversing 'abcdef', we get '%s'\n", \
  reverse(s));
 strcpy(s, "madam");
 printf("reversing 'madam', we get '%s'\n", \
  reverse(s));
 return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
int fac(int n)
{
 if (n < 2) return(1);
 return (n)*fac(n-1);
}
char *reverse(char *s)
{
 register char t,
   *p = s,
   *q = (s + (strlen(s) - 1));
 while (s && (p < q))
 {
  t = *p;
  *p++ = *q;
  *q-- = t;
 }
 return(s);
}
int test()
{
 char s[BUFSIZ];
 printf("4! == %d\n", fac(4));
 printf("8! == %d\n", fac(8));
 printf("12! == %d\n", fac(12));
 strcpy(s, "abcdef");
 printf("reversing 'abcdef', we get '%s'\n", \
  reverse(s));
 strcpy(s, "madam");
 printf("reversing 'madam', we get '%s'\n", \
  reverse(s));
 return 0;
}
#include "Python.h"
static PyObject *
Extest_fac(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
 int num;
 if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "i", &num))
  return NULL;
 return (PyObject*)Py_BuildValue("i", fac(num));
}
static PyObject *
Extest_doppel(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
 char *orig_str;
 char *dupe_str;
 PyObject* retval;
 if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &orig_str))
  return NULL;
 retval = (PyObject*)Py_BuildValue("ss", orig_str,
  dupe_str=reverse(strdup(orig_str)));
 free(dupe_str);    #防止內(nèi)存泄漏
 return retval;
}
static PyObject *
Extest_test(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
 test();
 return (PyObject*)Py_BuildValue("");
}
static PyMethodDef
ExtestMethods[] =
{
 { "fac", Extest_fac, METH_VARARGS },
 { "doppel", Extest_doppel, METH_VARARGS },
 { "test", Extest_test, METH_VARARGS },
 { NULL, NULL },
};
void initExtest()
{
 Py_InitModule("Extest", ExtestMethods);
}

#!/usr/bin/env python 
from distutils.core import setup, Extension 
MOD = 'Extest'
setup(name=MOD, ext_modules=[Extension(MOD, sources=['Extest2.c'])])

creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Extest2.o -L/usr/lib64 -lpython2.6 -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/Extest.so

#test function
def add(a,b):
 print "in python function add"
 print "a = " + str(a)
 print "b = " + str(b)
 print "ret = " + str(a+b)
 return
 
def foo(a):
 
 print "in python function foo"
 print "a = " + str(a)
 print "ret = " + str(a * a)
 return 
 
class guestlist:
 def __init__(self):
  print "aaaa"
 def p():
 print "bbbbb"
 def __getitem__(self, id):
 return "ccccc"
def update():
 guest = guestlist()
 print guest['aa']
 
#update()

/**g++ -o callpy callpy.cpp -I/usr/include/python2.6 -L/usr/lib64/python2.6/config -lpython2.6**/
#include <Python.h>
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
 // 初始化Python
 //在使用Python系統(tǒng)前，必須使用Py_Initialize對(duì)其
 //進(jìn)行初始化。它會(huì)載入Python的內(nèi)建模塊并添加系統(tǒng)路
 //徑到模塊搜索路徑中。這個(gè)函數(shù)沒(méi)有返回值，檢查系統(tǒng)
 //是否初始化成功需要使用Py_IsInitialized。
 Py_Initialize();
 
 // 檢查初始化是否成功
 if ( !Py_IsInitialized() ) {
  return -1;
 }
 // 添加當(dāng)前路徑
 //把輸入的字符串作為Python代碼直接運(yùn)行，返回0
 //表示成功，-1表示有錯(cuò)。大多時(shí)候錯(cuò)誤都是因?yàn)樽址?
 //中有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。
 PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
 PyRun_SimpleString("print '---import sys---'"); 
 PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");
 PyObject *pName,*pModule,*pDict,*pFunc,*pArgs;
 
 // 載入名為pytest的腳本
 pName = PyString_FromString("pytest");
 pModule = PyImport_Import(pName);
 if ( !pModule ) {
  printf("can't find pytest.py");
  getchar();
  return -1;
 }
 pDict = PyModule_GetDict(pModule);
 if ( !pDict ) {
  return -1;
 }
 
 // 找出函數(shù)名為add的函數(shù)
 printf("----------------------\n");
 pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "add");
 if ( !pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc) ) {
  printf("can't find function [add]");
  getchar();
  return -1;
  }
 
 // 參數(shù)進(jìn)棧
 PyObject *pArgs;
 pArgs = PyTuple_New(2);
 
 // PyObject* Py_BuildValue(char *format, ...)
 // 把C++的變量轉(zhuǎn)換成一個(gè)Python對(duì)象。當(dāng)需要從
 // C++傳遞變量到Python時(shí)，就會(huì)使用這個(gè)函數(shù)。此函數(shù)
 // 有點(diǎn)類(lèi)似C的printf，但格式不同。常用的格式有
 // s 表示字符串，
 // i 表示整型變量，
 // f 表示浮點(diǎn)數(shù)，
 // O 表示一個(gè)Python對(duì)象。
 
 PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue("l",3));
 PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 1, Py_BuildValue("l",4));
 
 // 調(diào)用Python函數(shù)
 PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);
 
 //下面這段是查找函數(shù)foo 并執(zhí)行foo
 printf("----------------------\n");
 pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "foo");
 if ( !pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc) ) {
  printf("can't find function [foo]");
  getchar();
  return -1;
  }
 
 pArgs = PyTuple_New(1);
 PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue("l",2)); 
 
 PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);
  
 printf("----------------------\n");
 pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "update");
 if ( !pFunc || !PyCallable_Check(pFunc) ) {
  printf("can't find function [update]");
  getchar();
  return -1;
  }
 pArgs = PyTuple_New(0);
 PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue(""));
 PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);  
 
 Py_DECREF(pName);
 Py_DECREF(pArgs);
 Py_DECREF(pModule);
 
 // 關(guān)閉Python
 Py_Finalize();
 return 0;
}