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Python圖片處理之圖片裁剪教程

 更新時(shí)間：2021年05月27日 15:40:38   作者：怪皮蛇皮怪  
這篇博文的目的是從圖片中提取一定的矩形區(qū)域作為新的圖片 簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)：我的全家福丟了,所以我想從以前的房間照片里,提取出其中的全家福并重新打印一張（忽視畫質(zhì)問(wèn)題）現(xiàn)在我就是這么個(gè)目的,需要的朋友可以參考下

一、操作流程

首先復(fù)制代碼會(huì)吧？

1.有張照片

這是網(wǎng)上隨便找的一張照片，自行保存測(cè)試

在這里插入圖片描述

2.看看照片

運(yùn)行代碼，其中show_img函數(shù)是展示照片

3.選擇角點(diǎn)

按照左上，右上，右下，左下的順序選擇四個(gè)角點(diǎn)

在這里插入圖片描述

如果擔(dān)心自己選不好，可以直接去除我代碼里的points的注釋，那是我自己用的原版

4.最終結(jié)果

在這里插入圖片描述

二、代碼分析

import 沒(méi)什么好說(shuō)的

#如果python沒(méi)有安裝cv2，那么就安裝python-opencv就好
import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np

獲取圖片的長(zhǎng)寬

#輸入cv.imread后的圖片，通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊四個(gè)點(diǎn)選擇要裁剪的部分
def get_window_size(src, bound=600):
    h,w = src.shape[0], src.shape[1]
    if h > w:
        h, w = bound, int(w*bound/h)
    else:
        h, w = int(h*bound/w), bound
    return (h, w)

通過(guò)鼠標(biāo)獲取圖片的坐標(biāo)點(diǎn)，順序是左上，右上，右下，左下

class Indexer:
    def __init__(self, bound=4):
        self.id = 0
        self.bound = bound

    def get_id(self):
        self.id = (self.id + 1)
        return (self.id)


def on_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN(event, x, y, flags, param):
    if event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        img = param['src']
        win_name = param['window']
        indexer = param['indexer']
        points = param['points']

        curr_id = indexer.get_id()
        points.append((x, y))
        print('第{}個(gè)頂點(diǎn): ({},{})'.format(curr_id, x, y))

        cv.circle(img, (x, y), 10, (0, 0, 255), thickness=2)
        cv.putText(
            img,
            str(curr_id),  # 文字
            (x, y),  # 坐標(biāo)
            cv.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN,
            5,  # 字號(hào)
            (0, 0, 255),  # 字體顏色
            thickness=2  # 粗細(xì)
        )

        cv.imshow(win_name, img)

#輸入cv.imread后的圖片，通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊四個(gè)點(diǎn)選擇要裁剪的部分
def get_points(src):
    points = []
    indexer = Indexer()
    h, w=get_window_size(src)
    win_name = 'get_points'
    cv.namedWindow(win_name, cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.resizeWindow(win_name, width=w, height=h)
    cv.imshow(win_name, src)
    cv.setMouseCallback(win_name, on_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN,
                        param={'src': src, 'window': win_name, 'indexer': indexer, 'points': points})
    cv.waitKey(0)
    cv.destroyAllWindows()
    if len(points)>4:
        return points[0:4]
    # print(points)
    # points=[(2, 14), (90, 50), (87, 194), (1, 204)]
    return points

#輸入cv.imread后的圖片，展示圖片長(zhǎng)什么樣
def show_img(src):
    win_name = 'show_img'
    h, w=get_window_size(src)
    cv.namedWindow(win_name, cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.resizeWindow(win_name, width=w, height=h)
    cv.imshow(win_name, src)
    cv.waitKey(0)
    cv.destroyAllWindows()

將圖片截取，并按照指定的長(zhǎng)寬比恢復(fù)成矩形

def photo_cut_restore(src,points,H,W):

    target_points = [(0, 0), (W, 0), (W, H), (0, H)]
    points, target_points = np.array(points, dtype=np.float32), np.array(target_points, dtype=np.float32)
    M = cv.getPerspectiveTransform(points, target_points)
    # print('透視變換矩陣:', M)

    result = cv.warpPerspective(src_copy, M, (0, 0))
    result = result[:H, :W]
    win_name = 'Result'
    cv.namedWindow(win_name, cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.resizeWindow(win_name, width=W, height=H)
    cv.imshow(win_name,result)
    cv.waitKey(0)
    cv.destroyAllWindows()
    return  result

主程序

if __name__ == '__main__':

    path = './1.jpg'
    src = cv.imread(path)
    src_copy = src.copy()

     show_img(src)


    W = 20
    H = 20
    # points=[(112, 308), (175, 310), (176, 369), (113, 369)]
    
    points=get_points(src)
    n = 20
    W = int(W * n)
    H = int(H * n)

    result=photo_cut_restore(src_copy,points,H,W)

    output_file = 'result.jpg'
    cv.imwrite(output_file, result)

三、懶人一鍵復(fù)制代碼

誒，氣不氣，好不容易一段段復(fù)制完，結(jié)果最后居然有一鍵復(fù)制的地方

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np

#輸入cv.imread后的圖片，通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊四個(gè)點(diǎn)選擇要裁剪的部分
def get_window_size(src, bound=600):
    h,w = src.shape[0], src.shape[1]
    if h > w:
        h, w = bound, int(w*bound/h)
    else:
        h, w = int(h*bound/w), bound
    return (h, w)


class Indexer:
    def __init__(self):
        self.id = 0

    def get_id(self):
        self.id = (self.id + 1)
        return (self.id)


def on_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN(event, x, y, flags, param):
    if event == cv.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        img = param['src']
        win_name = param['window']
        indexer = param['indexer']
        points = param['points']

        curr_id = indexer.get_id()
        points.append((x, y))
        print('第{}個(gè)頂點(diǎn): ({},{})'.format(curr_id, x, y))

        cv.circle(img, (x, y), 10, (0, 0, 255), thickness=2)
        cv.putText(
            img,
            str(curr_id),  # 文字
            (x, y),  # 坐標(biāo)
            cv.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN,
            5,  # 字號(hào)
            (0, 0, 255),  # 字體顏色
            thickness=2  # 粗細(xì)
        )

        cv.imshow(win_name, img)

#輸入cv.imread后的圖片，通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊四個(gè)點(diǎn)選擇要裁剪的部分
def get_points(src):
    points = []
    indexer = Indexer()
    h, w=get_window_size(src)
    win_name = 'get_points'
    cv.namedWindow(win_name, cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.resizeWindow(win_name, width=w, height=h)
    cv.imshow(win_name, src)
    cv.setMouseCallback(win_name, on_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN,
                        param={'src': src, 'window': win_name, 'indexer': indexer, 'points': points})
    cv.waitKey(0)
    cv.destroyAllWindows()
    if len(points)>4:
        return points[0:4]
    # print(points)
    # points=[(2, 14), (90, 50), (87, 194), (1, 204)]
    return points

#輸入cv.imread后的圖片，展示圖片長(zhǎng)什么樣
def show_img(src):
    win_name = 'show_img'
    h, w=get_window_size(src)
    cv.namedWindow(win_name, cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.resizeWindow(win_name, width=w, height=h)
    cv.imshow(win_name, src)
    cv.waitKey(0)
    cv.destroyAllWindows()

def photo_cut_restore(src,points,H,W):

    target_points = [(0, 0), (W, 0), (W, H), (0, H)]
    points, target_points = np.array(points, dtype=np.float32), np.array(target_points, dtype=np.float32)
    M = cv.getPerspectiveTransform(points, target_points)
    # print('透視變換矩陣:', M)

    result = cv.warpPerspective(src_copy, M, (0, 0))
    result = result[:H, :W]
    win_name = 'Result'
    cv.namedWindow(win_name, cv.WINDOW_NORMAL)
    cv.resizeWindow(win_name, width=W, height=H)
    cv.imshow(win_name,result)
    cv.waitKey(0)
    cv.destroyAllWindows()
    return  result


if __name__ == '__main__':

    path = './3.jpg'
    src = cv.imread(path)
    src_copy = src.copy()

    # show_img(src)


    W = 20
    H = 20
    # points=[(124, 182), (181, 177), (180, 243), (125, 266)]
    points=get_points(src)
    print(points)
    n = 20
    W = int(W * n)
    H = int(H * n)

    result=photo_cut_restore(src_copy,points,H,W)

    output_file = 'result.jpg'
    cv.imwrite(output_file, result)

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