python接口自動化測試數(shù)據(jù)和代碼分離解析

更新時間：2021年09月08日 08:59:03 作者：一名小測試

代碼的可維護性除了代碼冗余之外還有就是數(shù)據(jù)盡量不要和代碼摻雜在一起，因為閱讀起來會非常的凌亂；數(shù)據(jù)分離能更好的增加代碼可讀性和可維護性，也能更好的二次修改使用

common中存放的是整個項目中公共使用的封裝方法

從工程目錄上可以看到區(qū)分

datas中專門存放測試數(shù)據(jù)(yml文件)

cases中專門集中存放測試用例 ...

數(shù)據(jù)分離的第一步先找到工程項目路徑

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@__Software__: PyCharm
@__File__: osPath.py
@__Date__: 2021/6/14 21:08
"""
import os  
# 獲取項目的根目錄，apiTest層
FILE = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
# 獲取存放測試數(shù)據(jù)的文件夾
DATAS = os.path.join(FILE, 'datas')
print(DATAS)

 F:\project_gitee\Test\apiTest\datas 
Process finished with exit code 0

運行結(jié)果可以清晰看到，已經(jīng)找到存放數(shù)據(jù)的文件夾路徑并拼接成功 ...

os模塊不熟悉可參考菜鳥教程

數(shù)據(jù)分離的第二步封裝一個讀取yml文件的函數(shù)或類方法

這里就先寫一個函數(shù)把

首先要先安裝yml

 pip install pyaml

再導(dǎo)入包，然后再進行封裝

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@__Software__: PyCharm
@__File__: readData.py
@__Date__: 2021/6/14 21:07
""" 
import os
import yaml
from common import osPath as sp 
def read_yml(file):
    with open(file, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as read_data:
        results = yaml.load(read_data, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
        return results
print(read_yml(os.path.join(sp.DATAS, 'test_data.yml')))

 
{'test_data': [[{'type': 1}, {'reason': '查詢成功!'}], [{'type': 2}, {'reason': '查詢成功!'}], [{'type': 3}, {'reason': '查詢成功!'}]]} 
Process finished with exit code 0

讀取yml的函數(shù)寫完以后，要記得測試下是否滿足自己需要的功能；從結(jié)果來看滿足我目前需要功能 ...

yaml語法不熟悉的也可以參考菜鳥教程

數(shù)據(jù)分離的第三步測試用例中引入數(shù)據(jù)并運行

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
@__Software__: PyCharm
@__File__: test_example.py
@__Date__: 2021/6/13 19:00
"""
import os
import pytest
import requests
from common import osPath as sp
from common.readData import read_yml
class TestExample:
    s = requests.Session()
    data = read_yml(os.path.join(sp.DATAS, 'test_data.yml')) 
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("test_data, expected", data['test_data'])
    def test_example(self, test_data, expected):
        with self.s as s:
            url = "http://apis.juhe.cn/fapig/euro2020/schedule?key=9d0dfd9dbaf51de283ee8a88e58e218b"
            response = s.get(url, params=test_data)
            print(response.json())
             assert response.json()["reason"] == expected["reason"] 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(["-v", "-s", "test_example"])

Launching pytest with arguments F:/project_gitee/Test/apiTest/cases/test_example.py in F:\project_gitee\Test\apiTest\cases
============================= test session starts ============================ 
collecting ... collected 3 items
test_example.py::TestExample::test_example[test_data0-expected0] 
test_example.py::TestExample::test_example[test_data1-expected1] 
test_example.py::TestExample::test_example[test_data2-expected2] 
 ============================== 3 passed in 0.66s ==============================