#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2\opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	//---------------------------用于方框濾波的圖像--------------------
	Mat img = imread("1.jpg"); 
	if (img.empty())
	{
		cout << "請確認(rèn)圖像文件名稱是否正確" << endl;
		return -1;
	}	
	//將CV_8U類型轉(zhuǎn)換成CV_32F類型，避免計算后的數(shù)據(jù)過大
	Mat equalImg_32F;
	img.convertTo(equalImg_32F, CV_32F, 1.0 / 255);
	Mat resultNorm, result, equalImg_32FSqr;
	//--------------------------方框濾波boxFilter----------------------
	boxFilter(img, resultNorm, -1, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1), true);  // 進行歸一化，則為均值濾波
	boxFilter(img, result, -1, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1), false);     // 不進行歸一化
	//----------------------方框濾波sqrBoxFilter()---------------------
	//對每個像素數(shù)值的平方求和/求均值
	sqrBoxFilter(equalImg_32F, equalImg_32FSqr, -1, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1), true, BORDER_CONSTANT);
	//-------------------------顯示處理結(jié)果----------------------------
	imshow("原始圖像", img);
	imshow("歸一化", resultNorm);
	imshow("不歸一化", result);
	imshow("平方和求均值", equalImg_32FSqr);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

三、python代碼

import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 讀取圖片
img = cv2.imread('1.jpg')
# BGR轉(zhuǎn)為RGB，方便plot函數(shù)顯示
source = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
# 方框濾波，True表示歸一化，則效果與均值濾波相同。
result = cv2.boxFilter(source, -1, (5, 5), normalize=False)
# sqrBoxFilter實現(xiàn)對每個像素值的平方求和
# result1 = cv2.sqrBoxFilter(source, -1, (5, 5), normalize=True)
# 顯示圖形
titles = ['Source Image', 'BoxFilter Image']
images = [source, result]
for i in range(2):
    plt.subplot(1, 2, i + 1), plt.imshow(images[i], 'gray')
    plt.title(titles[i])
    plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()