# coding:utf-8

if __name__ == '__main__':

? ? '''
? ? 定義:def __init__(self,參數(shù)1,參數(shù)2......):
? ? ? ? ......
? ? 使用:在類實例化時觸發(fā) ?類名(參數(shù)1,參數(shù)2.......)
? ? '''

? ? class A(object):
? ? ? ? def __init__(self, name, sex):
? ? ? ? ? ? print(f'name is {name}, sex is {sex}')

? ? a = A('xie', 'man') ?# name is xie, sex is man

# coding:utf-8

if __name__ == '__main__':

? ? '''
? ? 定義: def __getattr(self,屬性名)
? ? 使用:在訪問類不存在的或無權限的屬性時觸發(fā) object.屬性名
? ? '''

? ? class B(object):
? ? ? ? __name = 'rui'
? ? ? ? name = 'xie'

? ? ? ? def __getattr__(self, name):
? ? ? ? ? ? return f'name is {name}'

? ? b = B()
? ? print(b.name) ?# xie
? ? print(b.__name) ?# name is __name
? ? print(b.sex) ?# name is sex
? ? print(b._B__name) ?# rui

# coding:utf-8

if __name__ == '__main__':

? ? '''
? ? 定義: def __setattr__(self,屬性名,屬性值)
? ? 使用: 給類設置屬性值時觸發(fā) object.屬性名 = 屬性值
? ? '''

? ? class C(object):
? ? ? ? name = ''
? ? ? ? __name = ''
? ? ? ? __sex = ''

? ? ? ? def __setattr__(self, key, value):
? ? ? ? ? ? print(f'I want set key:{key},value:{value}')

? ? c = C()
? ? c.name = 'xie' ?# I want set key:name,value:xie
? ? c.age = '6666' ?# I want set key:age,value:6666
? ? c.__sex = 'man' ?# I want set key:__sex,value:man

# coding:utf-8

if __name__ == '__main__':

? ? '''
? ? 定義: def __call__(self,參數(shù)1,參數(shù)2......)
? ? 使用: 把類實例當做函數(shù)調用，通過object(參數(shù)1,參數(shù)2......)觸發(fā)
? ? '''

? ? class D(object):
? ? ? ? def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
? ? ? ? ? ? print(f'args is {args},kwargs is {kwargs}')

? ? d = D()
? ? d(*(1, 2, 3), **{'name': 'xie'}) ?# args is (1, 2, 3),kwargs is {'name': 'xie'}

# coding:utf-8

if __name__ == '__main__':

? ? '''
? ? 定義: def __str__(self)
? ? 使用: 打印對象時觸發(fā) print(object)
? ? '''
? ? class F(object):
? ? ? ? def __str__(self):
? ? ? ? ? ? return '通常用來描述類'

? ? f = F()
? ? print(f) ?# 通常用來描述類