import os
import xlrd2 #xlrd: 對(duì)Excel進(jìn)行讀相關(guān)操作
import xlwt #xlwt: 對(duì)Excel進(jìn)行寫(xiě)相關(guān)操作，且只能創(chuàng)建一個(gè)全新的Excel然后進(jìn)行寫(xiě)入和保存。
import numpy
import matplotlib
from prettytable import PrettyTable  #PrettyTable 是python中的一個(gè)第三方庫(kù)，可用來(lái)生成美觀的ASCII格式的表格
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

#導(dǎo)入文件
def get_files_name():
    """
    用于獲取文件名
    :return: 返回值為文件名組成的列表
    """
    file_list = os.listdir('./data')
    return file_list

#保存生產(chǎn)excel表
def load_data(file_list):
    """
    用于讀取指定的文件并保存至字典數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)中
    :param file_list: 需要加載的文件列表
    :return: 保存了文件內(nèi)容的字典
    """
    dictory = {}
    for file in file_list:
        # 獲取表格文件
        book = xlrd2.open_workbook('./data/'+file)
        # 獲取表格中的所有sheet
        names = book.sheet_names()
        # 獲取第一個(gè)sheet
        sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
        # 獲取當(dāng)前表格的行數(shù)
        rows = sheet.nrows
        # 獲取當(dāng)前表格的列數(shù)
        cols = sheet.ncols
        # 獲取表頭文件，即表格第一行
        head = sheet.row_values(0)
        for row in range(rows-1):
            # 如果當(dāng)前字典中沒(méi)有該城市則創(chuàng)建一個(gè)
            if not sheet.cell_value(row+1, 0) in dictory.keys():
                dictory[sheet.cell_value(row+1, 0)] = {}
            for col in range(cols-1):
                dictory[sheet.cell_value(row+1, 0)][head[col+1]] = float(sheet.cell_value(row+1, col+1))
    return dictory

# 打印菜單
def menu():
    print("  ----------Excel 數(shù)據(jù)分析師----------")
    print("{:<30}".format("  ==============功能菜單============== "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   1. 顯示當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)                     "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   2. 以柱狀圖展示當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)              "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   3. 提起指定列                       "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   4. 定向篩選指定元素                       "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   5. 數(shù)據(jù)排行                         "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   6. 重新加載數(shù)據(jù)                      "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   7. 保存當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)                      "))
    print("{:<30}".format("   0. 退出程序                          "))
    print("{:<30}".format(" ==================================== "))
    print("{:<30}".format(" 說(shuō)明：輸入相應(yīng)數(shù)字后按下回車(chē)選擇指定功能 "))
    print('\n')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 導(dǎo)入文件
    files = get_files_name()
    data = {}
    print("當(dāng)前data文件夾下的文件如下：")
    num = 1
    for file in files:
        print(num, file)
        num += 1
    while(1):
        index_str = input("請(qǐng)選擇需要導(dǎo)入的文件序號(hào)（多個(gè)文件導(dǎo)入時(shí)用空格分開(kāi)， 輸入0則導(dǎo)入所有文件，輸入多文件則自動(dòng)合并）：")
        index_list = index_str.split(' ')
        try:
            index_list.remove('')
        except:
            pass
        choice_file_list = []
        if index_list[0] == '0':
            choice_file_list = files
            break
        else:
            try:
                for item in index_list:
                    choice_file_list.append(files[int(item)-1])
            except:
                print("輸入序號(hào)有誤")
                continue
        if choice_file_list:
            break
        else:
            print("輸入序號(hào)有誤")
    data = load_data(choice_file_list)
    print("導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)成功\n")
    # 調(diào)用函數(shù)，打印菜單
    menu()
    while 1:
        choice = input("請(qǐng)選擇指定功能：")
        if choice == '0':
            print("\n退出程序\n")
            exit()
        elif choice == '1':
            print("當(dāng)前功能：顯示當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)")
            show_data(data)
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()
        elif choice == '2':
            print("當(dāng)前功能：以柱狀圖顯示數(shù)據(jù)")
            draw_plot(data)
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()
        elif choice == '3':
            print("當(dāng)前功能：篩選指定列")
            keys = list(data[list(data.keys())[0]].keys())
            print("當(dāng)前表格中的列如下：")
            num = 1
            for key in keys:
                print(num, key)
                num += 1
            choice_col_list = []
            while (1):
                index_str = input("請(qǐng)選擇需要篩選出的列序號(hào)（多列之間用空格分開(kāi)，0代表所有列）：")
                index_list = index_str.split(' ')
                try:
                    index_list.remove('')
                except:
                    pass
                choice_file_list = []
                if index_list[0] == '0':
                    choice_col_list = keys
                    break
                else:
                    try:
                        for item in index_list:
                            choice_col_list.append(keys[int(item) - 1])
                    except:
                        print("輸入序號(hào)有誤")
                        continue
                if choice_col_list:
                    break
                else:
                    print("輸入序號(hào)有誤")
            data = get_specified_cols(data, choice_col_list)
            print("篩選成功")
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()
        elif choice == '4':
            print("當(dāng)前功能：篩選指定行")
            keys = list(data[list(data.keys())[0]].keys())
            print("當(dāng)前表格中的列如下：")
            num = 1
            print(num, "城市")
            num += 1
            for key in keys:
                print(num, key)
                num += 1
            col = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入需要進(jìn)行篩選的數(shù)據(jù)所在的列："))-2
            if col == -1:
                col = '城市'
            else:
                col = keys[col]
            op_list = ['<', '<=', '=', '>=', '>']
            print("比較操作符如下：")
            num = 1
            for op in op_list:
                print(num, op)
                num += 1
            operation = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入比較操作符前的序號(hào)："))-1
            operation = op_list[operation]
            value = input("請(qǐng)輸入需要篩選的值：")
            data = get_specified_data(data, operation, col, value)
            print("篩選成功")
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()
        elif choice == '5':
            print("當(dāng)前功能：數(shù)據(jù)排序")
            keys = list(data[list(data.keys())[0]].keys())
            print("當(dāng)前表格中的列如下：")
            num = 1
            for key in keys:
                print(num, key) #顯示當(dāng)前表格中的所有的列
                num += 1
            col = int(input("請(qǐng)輸入需要進(jìn)行排序的數(shù)據(jù)所在的列：")) - 1
            col = keys[col]
            reverse = input("排序方式：\n1 從大到小排序\n2 從小到大排序\n")
            if reverse == '1':
                data = sort_data(data, col, True)
            elif reverse == '2':
                data = sort_data(data, col, False)
            else:
                print("輸入有誤")
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()
        elif choice == '6':
            # 導(dǎo)入文件
            files = get_files_name()
            data = {}
            print("當(dāng)前文件夾下的文件如下：")
            num = 1
            for file in files:
                print(num, file)
                num += 1
            while (1):
                index_str = input("請(qǐng)選擇需要導(dǎo)入的文件序號(hào)（多個(gè)文件導(dǎo)入時(shí)用空格分開(kāi)， 輸入0則導(dǎo)入所有文件，輸入多文件則自動(dòng)合并）：")
                index_list = index_str.split(' ')
                try:
                    index_list.remove('')
                except:
                    pass
                choice_file_list = []
                if index_list[0] == '0':
                    choice_file_list = files
                    break
                else:
                    try:
                        for item in index_list:
                            choice_file_list.append(files[int(item) - 1])
                    except:
                        print("輸入序號(hào)有誤")
                        continue
                if choice_file_list:
                    break
                else:
                    print("輸入序號(hào)有誤")
            data = load_data(choice_file_list)
            print("導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)成功\n")
            # 打印菜單
            menu()
        elif choice == '7':
            print("當(dāng)前功能：保存數(shù)據(jù)")
            save(data)
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()
        else:
            print("請(qǐng)輸入正確的數(shù)字")
            input('\n按下回車(chē)返回菜單')
            menu()

#加載顯示數(shù)據(jù)
def show_data(dictory):
    try:
        keys = list(dictory[list(dictory.keys())[0]].keys())
    except:
        print("當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)為空")
        return
    head = ['城市']
    head.extend(keys)
    table = PrettyTable(head)
    for key in dictory.keys():
        line = [key]
        for key_2 in keys:
            line.append(dictory[key][key_2])
        table.add_row(line)
    print(table)

#制作圖表
def draw_plot(dictory):
    font = {'family': 'MicroSoft Yahei', 'weight': 'bold', 'size': 7}
    matplotlib.rc('font', **font) #設(shè)置中文字體
    # 定義三個(gè)顏色
    index = numpy.arange(len(dictory.keys()))
    color = [(256 / 256, 0 / 256, 0 / 256, 1),
            (0 / 256, 0 / 256, 256 / 256, 1),
            (0 / 256, 256 / 256, 0 / 256, 1),
            (0 / 256, 0 / 256, 0 / 256, 1)]
    first_key = list(dictory.keys())
    first_key = first_key[0]
    cols = list(dictory[first_key].keys())
    data = []
    for i in range(len(cols)):
        data.append([])
    for key in dictory.keys():
        for col in range(len(cols)):
            data[col].append(dictory[key][cols[col]])
    offset = -1/4
    for i in range(len(cols)):
        plt.bar(index+offset, data[i], color=color[i], width=1 / 5) #通過(guò)bar函數(shù)可以用柱狀圖來(lái)表達(dá)一些變量的統(tǒng)計(jì)分布
        offset += 1/4
    plt.xticks(index, dictory.keys())#表示刻度
    plt.legend(cols)#給圖像加上圖例
    plt.show()

#提起指定列
def get_specified_cols(dictory, col_name_list):
    """
    篩選出指定的列
    :param dictory:原始字典
    :param col_name_list: 需要篩選出的列名，城市名默認(rèn)出現(xiàn)
    :return: 篩選之后的字典
    """
    new_dict = {}
    for key in dictory.keys():
        new_dict[key] = {}
        for col_name in col_name_list:
            new_dict[key][col_name] = dictory[key][col_name]
    return new_dict